摘要
Thankstothedevelopmentofmetallographicandopticaltechniques,thequantitativecharacterisationofthegeometryofroughsurfaceshasbecomeveryusefulinpracticalapplications.Today,numerousdifferentmethodsareavailablefordeterminingthreedimensionalco-ordinates,linearprofilesorheightcontourstoareasonabledegreeofaccuracyandwithinanacceptabletimeframe,andforevaluatingsuchdata.Inthisarticle,theuseofsuchtechniquesinthefieldoffractographyisdemonstratedwithreferencetoanumberofcasestudiesdealtwithbytheauthor'sownteam,supplementedbyseveralexamplesfromotherresearchgroups.Thefollowingexamplesarediscussed:Inaceramicmaterialdifferentfracturepathswerediscernedcorrespondingtodifferenttesttemperatures.Inhardmetals,itwasshownthathoththesub-criticalandsupercriticalpropagationofcracksoccurreddalongthesamepath.Frommeasurementsoftheproportionoffracturesurfacesoccurringalongandinthevariousdifferentphasespresentandthedepthofdimplesoccurringduringductilefractureinthebinderphase,thefractureenergyofEC-Co-hardalloyswithdifferentcobaltcontentsandtungstencarbidegrainsizeswascalculatedandfoundtobeinexcellentagreementwithactualexperimentalresults.Inthecaseofceramicfibre-aluminiummatrixcpmpositematerials,bymeasuringthebeightdistributionofthepositionsoffractureofthefibres,theloadtransferintheregionofthefracturesurfacewasdetermined.withthisinformationamodelwasdevelopedwhichexplainsthesignificantvariationinstrengthofthesematerialsFinally,amodelwasdevelopedformetallicmaterialsusingwhich,fromtheexperimentallydetermineddistributionsoftheheightandinclinationofthefracturefacets,thestressintensityofroughnessinducedcrackclosingcouldheaccuratelypredicted.
出版日期
2002年02月12日（中国期刊网平台首次上网日期，不代表论文的发表时间）
