摘要
Background:Mostcurrentapproachesinforestscienceandpracticerequireinformationaboutstructureandgrowthofindividualtreesratherthan-orinadditionto-sumandmeanvaluesofgrowthandyieldatforeststandlevelasprovidedbyclassicexperimentaldesigns.Byinventingthewheeldesign,Nelderprovidedthepossibilitytoturntotheindividualtreeasbasicinformationunit.Suchtrialsprovidevaluableinsightsintothedependencyofgrowthonstanddensityatparticularsites.Methods:Here,wepresentanextensionoftheoriginaldesignandevaluationbyNelder.(i)WeestablishedNelderwheelsalonganenvironmentalgradientthroughEuropeinatlanticclimateinBelgiumandGermany,MediterraneanclimateinItaly,continentalclimateinHungaryaswellasonhighlandclimateinMexico.SuchdisjunctNelderwheelsalonganenvironmentalgradientcanberegardedandanalysedasatwo-factordesignwiththefactorsofsiteconditionandstanddensity.(ii)WepresentanadvancedstatisticalapproachtoevaluatedensitydependentgrowthdynamicsoftreesplantedinformoftheNelderdesign,whichconsidersspatio-temporalautocorrelation.(iii)Weprovetheusefulnessofthemethodsinimprovingecologicaltheoryconcerningdensityrelatedproductivity,trade-offsbetweenfacilitationandcompetition,andallometricrelationsbetweensizevariables.Results:FirstevaluationsbasedonremeasuredNelderwheelsinoak(QuercusroburL.)showasizegrowthdifferentiationduringthefirstobservationperiod.Inparticular,heightgrowthisacceleratedunderhighercompetitionindicatingfacilitationeffects.Wedetectfurthermoreahighvariabilityinallometricrelations.Conclusions:Theproposeddesign,methods,andresultsarediscussedregardingtheirimpactonforestpractice,modelbuilding,andecologicaltheory.WeconcludethattheextendedNelderapproachishighlyefficientinprovidingcurrentlylackingindividualtreelevelinformation.
出版日期
2015年03月13日（中国期刊网平台首次上网日期，不代表论文的发表时间）
