简介:摘要小学科学课堂中实验内容较多,教师在实验过程中还要维持实验秩序,所以有必要在课堂中选择小助手来辅助教学,培养小助手变为小老师,从学生的角度去看待问题、讲解知识。本文从小助手的选拔、小助手的作用及小助手的成长三个方面来阐述了自己在科学课堂上的尝试。
简介: [摘要 ] 目的 观察莫西沙星在干酪肺炎型肺结核治疗中的疗效及安全性。 方法 将 44例干酪肺炎型肺结核患者分为治疗组 21例与对照组 23例;治疗组给予莫西沙星 0.4 g/d治疗,对照组给予左氧氟沙星 0.4 g/d治疗,并辅助其他相同的抗结核药物治疗,观察两组患者的病灶吸收率、痰菌阴转率、药物副反应等情况。 结果 治疗组患者在病灶吸收与痰菌早期阴转方面明显高于对照组( P<0.05),两组药物副反应差异无统计学意义( P>0.05)。 结论 莫西沙星治疗干酪肺炎型肺结核有效且安全。 [关键词 ] 莫西沙星;干酪肺炎型肺结核;左氧氟沙星;临床疗效 [Abstract] Objective To observe the efficacy and safety of moxifloxacin in the treatment of caseous pulmonary tuberculosis. Methods 44 cases of caseous pneumonia pulmonary tuberculosis were divided into treatment group (21 cases) and control group (23 cases); treatment group (0.4g / D) was given moxifloxacin, control group (0.4g / D) was given levofloxacin, and other similar antituberculosis drugs were used. The absorption rate of focus, negative conversion rate of sputum bacteria and side effects of drugs were observed. Results the absorption of focus and early negative transformation of sputum bacteria in the treatment group were significantly higher than those in the control group (P < 0.05), and there was no significant difference between the two groups (P > 0.05). Conclusion moxifloxacin is effective and safe in the treatment of caseous pulmonary tuberculosis.
简介: 【摘要】 目的 分析莫西沙星联合抗结核药物治疗难治性结核性膜炎的临床疗效。方法 选取我市定点医院 56例难治性结核性脑膜炎患者作为研究对象, 随机分为联合组和对照组, 每组 28例。对照组采用抗结核药物进行治疗, 联合组在对照组的基础上加用莫西沙星进行治疗。比较两组治疗前、治疗后 6个月脑脊液指标以及发热时间、昏迷时间和住院时间。结果 与对照组比较, 联合组治疗后脑脊液中氯化物、葡萄糖含量均显著增高, 压力、蛋白质以及白细胞计数均显著降低( P<0.05);联合组发热时间、昏迷时间较对照组明显降低( P<0.05);联合组住院时间为( 28.16±5.42) d, 低于对照组的( 34.09±5.77) d( P<0.05)。结论 莫西沙星联合抗结核药物治疗难治性结核性脑膜炎可以明显的改善脑脊液指标, 较快的减轻患者临床症状, 缩短住院时间, 具有推广的临床价值。 【关键词】 莫西沙星;抗结核药物;难治性结核性脑膜炎;临床疗效 [Abstract] Objective To analyze the clinical effect of moxifloxacin combined with antituberculous drugs in the treatment of refractory tuberculous membranositis. Methods 56 patients with refractory tuberculous meningitis were randomly divided into two groups, 28 in each group. The control group was treated with antituberculosis drugs, and the combined group was treated with moxifloxacin on the basis of the control group. The CSF indexes, fever time, coma time and hospitalization time of the two groups before and 6 months after treatment were compared. Results compared with the control group, the content of chloride and glucose in cerebrospinal fluid of the combined group was significantly increased, the pressure, protein and leukocyte count were significantly reduced (P < 0.05); the fever time and coma time of the combined group were significantly reduced (P < 0.05); the hospitalization time of the combined group was (28.16 ± 5.42) days, lower than that of the control group (34.09 ± 5.77) days (P < 0.05). Conclusion moxifloxacin combined with antituberculous drugs in the treatment of refractory tuberculous meningitis can significantly improve the cerebrospinal fluid index, quickly reduce the clinical symptoms of patients, shorten the length of stay, and have clinical value of promotion.
简介:摘要目的研究确定罗哌卡因用于超声引导下肋锁间隙(costoclavicular space, CCS)臂丛神经阻滞的半数有效浓度(median effective concentration, EC50)。方法选择2018年6月至2019年2月行手掌骨折手术患者40例,在超声引导下行CCS臂丛神经阻滞。采用序贯法开始试验,以22 ml为总量,第1例患者起始浓度为0.33%,相邻容量梯度变化为0.02%。给药30 min后测定患者感觉、运动功能,感觉评分2级、运动评分2级以上,视为上一例患者有效,下一例患者药物浓度下降一级;若无效,下一例患者药物浓度上升一级,获得7个拐点研究结束。采用概率回归法计算罗哌卡因用于手掌骨折患者超声引导下肋锁间隙臂丛神经阻滞的EC50及其95%CI。结果40例患者中22例(55%)阻滞成功,罗哌卡因EC50为0.23% (95%CI 0.21%~0.26%)。结论超声引导下肋锁间隙臂丛神经阻滞用于手掌骨折患者时罗哌卡因EC50为0.23%。