简介：Background:Studieshaveindicatedthatthereisapositiveandindirectrelationshipbetweenphysicalactivity(PA)andqualityoflife(QoL).Thecurrentstudyexaminedthisrelationshipthroughasocialcognitivemodelwithconsiderationtotheintermediaryeffectsofexerciseself-efficacy,andphysical(PCS,physicalcomponentsummary)andpsychological(MCS,mentalcomponentsummary)health.Additionally,thismodelwaswidenedtoincludeconceptsfromtheecologicaltheory,andanycausalassociationsamongneighborhoodenvironment,PA,andQoL.Methods:Sixhundredandeighty-fourphysicallyactiveadults(39.16±13.52years,mean±SD),livinginAthens,Greece,completedaseriesofquestionnairesmeasuringPA,QoL,exerciseself-efficacy,PCS,MCS,neighborhoodenvironment,andfamilyandfriendsupportforPA.Theexaminedmodelswereanalyzedusingstructuralequationmodeling.Results:Thesocialcognitiveandecologicalmodelsprovedtobeofappropriatefit.Withinthesocialcognitivemodel,PApositivelyaffectedQoLthroughthemediatingeffectsofexerciseself-efficacy,PCS,andMCS.Withregardstotheecologicalmodel,neighborhoodenvironmentpositivelyinfluencedQoLthroughtheintermediaryeffectsoffamilysupportforPA,exerciseself-efficacy,PA,PCS,andMCS.Conclusion:Resultsindicatedthatthemostimportantmediatorsintheexaminedmodelswereexerciseself-efficacyandhealth.Further,findingsdemonstratedtheroleofneighborhoodenvironmentinenhancingPAandQoL.Futurestudiesshouldbecarriedoutapplyinglongitudinaldataforabetterunderstandingoftheseassociationsovertime.