简介：Ananomalousisotopeeffectexistsinmanyheavyelementisotopesystems(e.g.,Sr,Gd,Zn,U).Thiseffectusedtobecalledthe‘‘odd–evenisotopeeffect’’becausetheoddmassnumberisotopesbehavedifferentlyfromtheevenmassnumberisotopes.Thismass-independentisotopefractionationdrivingforce,whichoriginatesfromthedifferenceintheground-stateelectronicenergiescausedbydifferencesinnuclearsizeandshape,iscurrentlydenotedasthenuclearfieldshifteffect(NFSE).ItisfoundthattheNFSEcandriveisotopefractionationofsomeheavyelements(e.g.,Hg,Tl,U)toanastonishingdegree,farmorethanthemagnitudecausedbytheconventionalmass-dependenteffect(MDE).Forlightelements,theMDEisthedominantfactorinisotopefractionation,whiletheNFSEisneglectable.Furthermore,theMDEandtheNFSEbothdecreaseastemperaturesincrease,thoughatdifferentrates.TheMDEdecreasesrapidlywithafactorof1/T2,whiletheNFSEdecreasesslowlywithafactorof1/T.Asaresult,evenathightemperatures,theNFSEisstillsignificantformanyheavyelementisotopesystems.Inthisreviewpaper,webeginwithanintroductionofthebasicconceptoftheNSFE,includingitshistoryandrecentprogress,andfollowwiththepotentialimplicationsoftheinclusionoftheNFSEintothekineticisotopefractionationeffect(KIE)andheavyisotopegeochronology.