简介：Gutmicrobiotaareinvolvedinthedevelopmentorpreventionofvariousdiseasessuchastype2diabetes,fattyliver,andmalignancysuchascolorectalcancer,breastcancerandhepatocellularcarcinoma.Alzheimer’sdisease,osteoporosis,sarcopenia,atheroscleroticstrokeandcardiovasculardiseasearemajordiseasesassociatedwithdecreasedactivitiesofdailyliving(ADL),especiallyinelderlypeople.Recentanalyseshaverevealedtheimportanceofgutmicrobiotainthecontrolofthesediseases.Thecompositionordiversityofthesemicrobiotaisdifferentbetweenpatientswiththeseconditionsandhealthycontrols,andadministrationofprobioticsorprebioticshasbeenshowneffectiveinthetreatmentofthesediseases.Gutmicrobiotamayaffectdistantorgansthroughmechanismsthatincluderegulatingtheabsorptionofnutrientsand/ortheproductionofmicrobialmetabolites,regulatingandinteractingwiththesystemicimmunesystem,andtranslocatingbacteria/bacterialproductsthroughdisruptedmucosalbarriers.Thus,thegutmicrobiotamaybeimportantregulatorsinthedevelopmentofdiseasesthataffectADL.Althoughadequateexerciseandproperdietareimportantforpreventingthesediseases,theircombinationwithinterventionsthatmanipulatethecompositionand/ordiversityofgutmicrobiotacouldbeapromisingstrategyformaintaininghealthconditionandpreservingADL.ThisreviewthussummarizescurrentunderstandingoftheroleofgutmicrobiotainthedevelopmentorpreventionofdiseasescloselyassociatedwiththemaintenanceofADL.