简介：Inthepresentpaperitwillbeshownthat,bytakingthereferenceframemovingwiththevelocityoffluidattheinterlaceoftwosteadyparallelstreams,thelaminarboundarylayerflowinthetwofluidscanbedecoupledintotwoflows.Theseareexactlythesameasthelaminarboundarylayerflowsalongaflatplate.Andthat,byusingtheexistingexactsolutionofthelaminarboundarylayerequationfortheboundarylayerflowalongaflatplateandappropriateboundaryconditions.Anexactsolutionofthelaminarboundarylayerequationforthelaminarboundarylayerbetweentwoparallelstreamswithdifferentdensities,viscocitiesandvelocitiesisgivenelegantly.ForthecasesconsideredbyLock,theresultsobtainedbythepresentmethodarecomparedwithLock’snumericalcalculationsindetail.

简介：Inthispaper,severalmathmaticalmodelsforthepile-soilinteractionareoutlined.TheBoundaryElementMethodisoneoftheveryeffectivemethodsforthereasonablemodelsofelasticityandelastoplasticity.ThemajorofthispaperisconcernedwiththeBoundaryElementMethodforthepile-soilinteraction,includinggeneralmethodsandcalculatingformulationofstaticanddynamicanalysisofthepileandpilegroups.Someresultsofanalysisarealsogiven.

简介：Basedonthedataobtainedduringthe15thAntarcticExpeditionofChinabetweenNovember1998andFebruary1999,thepaperdiscussesthewatermassesdistributedonbothsidesoftheContinentalWaterBoundary(CWB)aswellasthespacialvariabilityofthephysicalcharacteristicsofthecentrallocation,thefrontalwidth,thefrontalstrength,theverticaldepth,andtheverticalthicknessforCWB,Theaboveresultsarecomparedwiththeresultsfromthedataobtainedduringthe9thAntarcticExpeditionofChinabetweenDecember1992andFebruary1993,andthetemporalvariabiltiyofthosecharacteristicsisdiscussed.Inaddition,theinhomogeneityofthekinematiccharacteristicsandthepattermsofthedynamicheightsforthosewatermasseslocatedonbothsidesofCWBareillustrated.Asitispointedoutinthepaper,thetroughinthedynamicheightfieldisidentifiedwiththefrontallocationofCWBandtheoceaniccurrentshear.Furthermore,thedynamicreasonfortheupwellingofthecircumpolardeepwatercanbeunderstoodbytheexplanationdescribedinthepaper.

简介：根据一系列重要历史的地图，即，华南海岛，Nansha岛，Zhongsha岛，Xisha岛，Yongxing岛和Shidao岛的地点地图，并且太平天国的岛(在1946由中华民国的内部的部的领土的管理部门转存)，并且中华民国的管理区域地图在1948出版了，包围华南海岛的击破的线在华南代表瓷器海边界它是连接与的两个，和延期，中国的陆地边界。在当稳固的线被用来代表陆地boundarya时，击破的线被用来代表水边界的那时间，通用方法在然后国际性地被认出的地图使用了。上述观察在为在华南海区域上的国际海上的定界线是有用的华南海提供瓷器海边界的历史、科学的证据。

简介：-Aone-layertime-invarianteddyviscositymodelisspecifiedtodevelopamathematicalmodelfordescribingtheessentialfeaturesoftheturbulentwaveboundarylayeroveraroughbed.Thefunctionalformoftheeddyviscosityisevaluatedbasedoncomputationalresultsfromatwo-equationturbulencemodelinwhichtheeddyviscosityvarieswithtimeandspace.Thepresenteddyviscositymodelsimplifiesmuchofthemathematicalcomplexityinmanyexistingmodels.Predictionsfromthepresentmodelhavebeencomparedwithawiderangeofexperimentaldata.Itisfoundthattheeddyviscositymodeladoptedinthepresentstudyisphysicallyreasonable.

简介：如果在上游的边界条件仅仅基于事件波浪被规定，时间依赖者当物理或假的反映的波浪变得重要时，数字模型不能有效地模仿波浪地。这份报纸小心地描述一条途径到指定条件与集合海绵层相结合向事件边界吸收反映的波浪的事件波浪边界。把数字模型合并了到一个时间依赖者，谁的管理方程是Boussinesq类型，途径的有效性详细被学习。一般边界调节，描述下面波浪边界条件也被概括到随机的波浪的盒子。数字模特儿详细被检查。测试用例包括常规的正常一个维的事件和二维的倾斜的事件常规波浪。计算结果证明现在的途径在向事件波浪边界抑制反映的波浪上是有效的。

简介：Thispaperdescribesthedischargecontroltechniqueonboundaryusedintwomodels,oneisthemodelofhotwaterdrainninginDayawanNyclearPowerPlant,Guangdong,andtheotheristhemodelfortrainhingthesandbarattheGuanheEstuary,Jiangsu.Manyyearsofapplicationshowsthatthistechniquehastheadvantagesofgoodreliability,repeatabilityandvalidity.Thespeedometerofhydrogenbubbleisalsointroducedinthispaper.Thedevicecandisplayandstoretracinglinesinacomputer,andhelpoperatorstoobtainthevalueanddirectionoftransientvelocityofanonsteadycurrent,thus,theproblemofmeasurmentoflowcurrentvelocityintidalmodeltestsissolvedandtheautomationofthemeasurementofcurrentvelocityisrealized.

简介：Verticallyexploringthecharacteristicsofthetyphoonboundarylayer(TBL)playsanimportantroleinrecognizingtyphoonstructure.TheboundarylayerradialdirectionandtangentialwindcharacteristicsofTyphoonUsagibasedontheobservationaldataofthreeboundarylayerwindprofilerstationsalongtherouteofTyphoonUsagi(No.1319)andbycombiningwithsoundingdata.Theresultsshowthat:(1)maximumtangentialwindappearsinthevicinityoftheeyeareaofUsagi,anditbasicallymaintainsaheightofaround1800mwhenUsagikeepsastrongtyphoonlevel,withtherapidlydecreasingstrengthofUsagiafteritlands,thespeedofthemaximumtangentialwindanditsverticalrangebothdecrease;(2)theheightofthemaximumtangentialwindisclosetothatoftheinflowlayertopofthetyphoon,andisgreaterthanthatoftheboundarylayerestimatedonthebasisofRichardsonnumberorpotentialtemperaturegradient,whiletheheightofmixedlayerjudgedonthebasisofthesignal-to-noiseratio(SNR)oritsgradientisusuallylow;(3)thetheboundarylayerheightcanreachhigherthan2100mbeforeUsagilands.Whenthetyphoonleveloraboveisachieved,theboundarylayerheightobservedbyvariousstationsdoesnotchangemuch,basicallystayingatbetween1200and1600m.WiththedecreasingstrengthofUsagiafteritslandfall,theboundarylayerheightrapidlydrops.

简介：Astructurefunctionapproachisappliedtoestimatetheturbulentkineticenergy(TKE)dissipationrateinthebottomboundarylayerofthePearlRiverEstuary(PRE).SimultaneousmeasurementswithanacousticDopplervelocimeter(ADV)suppliedindependentdatafortheverificationofthestructurefunctionmethod.Theresultsshowthat,1)thestructurefunctionapproachisreliableandsuccessfullyappliedmethodtoestimatetheTKEdissipationrate.Theobserveddissipationratesrangebetween8.3×104W/kgand4.9×106W/kginYM01andbetween3.4×104W/kgand4.8×107W/kginYM03,respectively,whileexhibitingastrongquarter-diurnalvariation.2)Thebalancebetweentheshearproductionandviscousdissipationisbetterachievedinthestraightriver.Thisfirst-orderbalanceissignificantlybrokenintheestuarybynon-shearproduction/dissipationduetowave-inducedfluctuations.

简介：AerosolsampleswerecollectedonboardtheresearchvesselXuelongduringtheFifteenthChineseAntarcticResearchExpedition(CHINAREXV)inNovember1998-April1999andtheFirstChineseArcticResearchExpeditioninJuly-September1999.TheareastraversedbytheexpeditionarycruisesincludetheArcticOcean,thewesternNorthPacificOceanandtheeasternIndianOcean,covering75°N-69°Sand75°E-133°W.AerosolsampleswerealsotakenattheChineseZhongshanStationinEastAntarcticaduringtheCHINAREXV.Analysisofthesamplesyieldedconcentrationsofnon-sea-saltsulfateandothersolublechemicalspeciesinthemarineboundarylayer.Thedatasuggestthatthechemicalcompositionofthemarineaerosolsisinfluencedbythreemajorsources:continentalairmasses,primaryoceanicemissions,andsecondarymarineaerosolsoriginatedfromoceanicemissions.Theresultsshowthat,awingtostronganthropogenicsulfuremissionsfromtheAsiancontinent,non-sea-saltsulfateconcentrationsintheNorthernHemisphere(thewesternNorthPacific)marineaerosolaresignificantlyhigherthanthoseintheSouthernHemisphere(theeasternIndianOcean).Aerosolnon-sea-saltsulfateconcentrationsappeartobeinverselycorrelatedwithaerosolnon-sea-saltchloridewhichshowssignificantlynegativevalues,indicatingthelossofchloridebyseasalts,inmostaerosolsamples.SincegaseousHClmaybeinvolvedinchemicalreactionsthatdepleteatmosphericozoneinthemarineboundarylayer(MBL),highlevelsofacidicnon-sea-salt-sulfatereleasedbyhumanactivitiesinthelowandmid-latitudesoftheNorthernHemispheremaybecomeanimportantpotentialcontributortothelossofatmosphericozoneintheMBL.

简介：Inthispaper,thecharacteristicsofdifferentformsofmildslopeequationsfornon-linearwaveareanalyzed,andnewnon-lineartheoreticmodelsforwavepropagationarepresented,withnon-lineartermsaddedtothemildslopeequationsfornon-stationarylinearwavesanddissipativeeffectsconsidered.Numericalsimulationmodelsaredevelopedofnon-linearwavepropagationforwatersofmildlyvaryingtopographywithcomplicatedboundary,andtheeffectsarestudiedofdifferentnon-linearcorrectionsoncalculationresultsofextendedmildslopeequations.Systematicalnumericalsimulationtestsshowthatthepresentmodelscaneffectivelyreflectnon-lineareffects.