简介:中国具有丰富的湿地资源,但湿地退化十分严重。全球环境基金/中国国家林业局/联合国开发计划署中国湿地生物多样性保护与可持续利用项目的实施,旨在使湿地保护成为国家和地方政府决策和行动的常规考虑内容,提高公众保护湿地的意识。通过建立高效的项目实施机构,采用形式多样的措施,如政策立法、宣传教育、能力建设等,来推动湿地保护主流化。该项目取得已一系列成果,表现在:推动制定相关法规和政策,为湿地保护提供法律和政策保障;建立跨部门协调机制,加强相关部门在湿地保护与合理利用方面的合作;采取多种方式,促进湿地数据信息交流共享;加强宣传教育,提高政府和公众湿地保护的意识;开展跨学科的交叉研究,推动示范先进的湿地管理模式;通过管理能力建设,推动湿地保护可持续发展。该项目有力地推动了中国湿地生物多样性保护主流化进程,政府和公众的湿地保护意识得到明显提高。
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简介:Glacierinventorycompilationduringthepast20yearsandmodificationsofthatfortheEasternPamirandBanggongLakeindicatethatthereare46,342modernglacierswithatotalareaandvolumeof59415km2and5601km3respectivelyinChina.Theseglacierscanbeclassifiedintomaritimeandcontinental(includingsub-continentalandextremelycontinental)types.ResearchesshowthatglaciersinChinahavebeenretreatingsincetheLittleIceAgeandthemasswastagewasacceleratedduringthepast30to40years.BeinganimportantpartofglaciologicalstudiesinChina,icecoreclimaticandenvironmentalstudiesonTibetanPlateauandintheAntarcticahaveprovidedabundant,highresolutioninformationaboutpastclimaticandenvironmentalevolutionovertheTibetanPlateauandAntarctica.ExceptfordifferentparametersrecordedinicecoresrelatingtoclimateandenvironmentchangesonTibetanPlateau,recordsfromicecoresextractedfromdifferentglaciersshowthatthediscrepanciesinclimaticandenvironmentalchangesonthenorthandsouthpartsoftheplateaumaybetheconsequenceofdifferentinfluencingeffectsfromterrestrialandsolarsources.GlaciologicalandmeteorologicalphenomenaimplythatLambertGlaciervalleyisanimportantboundaryofclimateintheeastAntarctica,whichisthoughttobeconnectedwithcyclonicactivitiesandCircum-polarWavesovertheAntarctica.
简介:PermafrostinChinaincludeshighlatitudepermafrostinnortheasternChina,alpinepermafrostinnorthwesternChinaandhighplateaupermafrostontheTibetanPlateau.Thehighaltitudepermafrostisabout92%ofthetotalpermafrostareainChina.Thesouthboundaryorlowerlimitoftheseasonallyfrozengroundisdefinedinaccordancewiththe0℃isothermallineofmeanairtemperatureinJanuary,whichisroughlycorrespondingtothelineextendingfromtheQinlingMountainstotheHuaiheRiverintheeastandtothesoutheastboundaryoftheTibetanPlateauinthewest.SeasonalfrozengroundoccursinlargepartsoftheterritoryinnorthernChina,includingNortheast,North,NorthwestChinaandtheTibetanPlateauexceptforpermafrostregions,andaccountingforabout55%ofthelandareaofChina.Thesouthernlimitofshort-termfrozengroundgenerallyswingssouthandnorthalongthe25°northernlatitudeline,occurringinthewetandwarmsubtropicmonsoonclimaticzone.Itsareaislessthan20%ofthelandareaofChina.
简介:基塘系统是中国珠江三角洲富有特色的农业生态系统,在传统农业时期曾发挥过重要作用。近些年由于受到诸多人为不利因素的影响,其环境趋于劣化,农业生产功能日益萎缩。如何通过空间配置与优化,发挥景观生态服务功能将是基塘系统未来研究的主要方向。综述了近30a来国内外基于农业生态、土地利用景观视角对中国基塘系统的研究进展,分析了研究中存在的不足与面临的问题,尝试提出基于湿地景观生态学视角开展基塘系统研究的新思路。围绕这一思路进一步就基塘的信息识别与获取技术、基塘景观格局变化及其驱动力、多尺度下基塘景观格局与生态过程的相互关系、基塘景观的生态服务功能与价值以及基塘景观格局的优化与调控等问题提出了未来的研究展望,以期为中国基塘系统研究内容的深入提供一些有益的启示和思路。
简介:[1]AAMillward,JEMersey,2001.Conservationstrategiesforeffectivelandmanagementofprotectedareasusinganerosionpredictioninformationsystem(EPIS).JournalofEnvironmentalManagement,61:329-343.[2]BrianWood,2000.Roomfornature?ConservationmanagementoftheIsleofRumUKandprospectsforlargeprotectedareasinEurope.BiologicalConservation,94:93-105.[3]CesarCantu,RGeraldWright,JMichaelScottetal.,2004.AssessmentofcurrentandproposednaturereservesofMexicobasedontheircapacitytoprotectedgeophysicalfeaturesandbiodiversity.BiologicalConservation,115:411-417.[4]ChenShanghua,2003.AnimalresourceanditsfaunalcharacteristicsofCaiyangheNatureReserve.ForestInventoryandPlanning,28(1):32-36.(inChinese)[5]ChenYong,ZhuXingyu,ZhangZhiguang,2003.Thereviewofthesustainabledevelopmentfornaturereserves.JournalofNanjingForestryUniversity,27(2):79-83.(inChinese)[6]ChuiGuofa,WangXianpu,2000.Developingstatusandthetaskofnaturereservesintheworld.JournalofBeijingForestryUniversity,22(4):123-125.(inChinese)[7]DaiYumei,HanShijie,TangXiaomengetal.,2003.GeneticdiversityofFrankiainNoduleofAlnusinChangbaishanbyIGSPCR-RFLP.JournalofNortheastForestryUniversity,31(6):6-8.(inChinese)[8]DingDongsun,ZengZhijie,ChenChuanfa,2002.FaunaanalysisofinsectfromJiangxiJiulianshanNatureReserve.EntomologicalJournalofEastChina,11(2):10-18.(inChinese)[9]FangYunting,MoJiangming,SandraBrownetal.,2004.StorageanddistributionofsoilorganiccarboninDinghushanBiosphereReserve.ActaEcologicaSinica,24(1):135-142.(inChinese)[10]GeorgeVNPowell,JamesBarborak,MarioRodriguezS,2000.AssessingrepresentativenessofprotectednatureareasinCostaRicaforconservingbiodiversity:apreliminarygapanalysis.BiologicalConservation,93:35-41.[11]HanHairong,MaQinyan,NakayamaNorikazuetal.,2000.StudyonthegeneconservedstandofPinusTabu
简介:2014年7月、10月和2015年1月、4月,对会仙湿地的鱼类多样性各进行了一次调查和采样。在会仙湿地共鉴定到鱼类30种,隶属于5目11科26属;各季节的优势种明显不同,2015年4月的优势种为鲫(Carassiusauratus)和子陵吻虾虎鱼(Rhinogobiusgiurinus),2014年7月的优势种为高体鳑鲏(Rhodeusocellatus)和叉尾斗鱼(Macropodusopercularis),2014年10月的优势种为鲫,2015年1月的优势种为鲫和短须鱊(Acheilognathusbarbatulus);2014年7月与2014年10月的物种数差异显著(p〈0.05);2014年7月,湖泊与河流中鱼类的物种数、Pielou均匀度指数和Shannon-Wiener多样性指数差异显著(p〈0.05);鱼类群落相似性分析结果表明,2014年7月的鱼类群落与其它季节明显不同(p〈0.05);2014年7月,湖泊中鱼类的物种数、个体数和生物量都比河流中的少,而2015年1月,这些指标都是河流中的较大,可以推测,会仙湿地鱼类在7月多在河流中生活,1月则多在湖泊中生活。
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简介:Sandydesertificationislanddegradationcharacterizedbywinderosionmainlyresultedfromtheexcessivehumanactivitiesinarid,semiaridandpartofsub-humidregionsinnorthernChina.Theresearchonsandydesertificationhasexperiencedmorethan5decadesofarduouscourseofthestrugglealongwiththeestablishmentanddevelopmentofChina′sdesertscience.Researchesinthisfieldhavemadeagreatcontributiontothenationaleconomicconstruction,andenvironmentalprotection.Thispaperfocusesonpresentingthemajorprogressandachievementsinthesandydesertificationresearchduringthelast50years,includingthestagesofstudyonsandydesertification,backgroundenvironmentofsandydesertificationanditschanges,theconception,causes,process,monitoringandassessmentofsandydesertification,thevegetationsuccession,landscapeecology,plantphysiology,impactsonecosystem,high-effectiveuseofwaterandlandresourcesandsustainabledevelopmentinsandydesertifiedregions,sandydesertificationcontrolmodelsandtechniquesetc.
简介:湿地被称为"地球之肾",具有独特的生态结构与功能.中国湿地面积约占全球湿地面积的10%,但近年来湿地面积逐渐萎缩,已造成了极为严重的生态恶果.因此总结以往湿地研究成果,确立包括遥感在内的各种湿地信息提取方法,形成包含各种湿地信息的湿地数据子库和管理操作这些数据的湿地信息系统,并确立湿地信息的共享与发布机制,从而加快湿地科研步伐,成为湿地与遥感科技工作者共同关注的问题.WebGIS技术是GIS融合Internet技术发展起来的新技术,具有对大批量数据进行有效的分析管理和快速的查询检索功能.基于WebGIS技术的中国沼泽信息系统的建立有效地满足了湿地科研和开发保护的需要.