简介:TheGurbantunggutDesertisthelargeststableandsemi-stablesanddesertinChina,yetfewdataexistonvegetationpatternandspecies-environmentrelationshipsforthesediversedesertlandscapes.Thesanddunesofthesurveyareaaremainlyofthelongitudinalformfromnorthtosouth,butcheckerboard-shapedandhoneycomb-shapedformsarealsopresent,withtheheightof10-50m.Wemeasuredvegetationandsoildataonnorth-southtransectsandcomparedthemwithvegetationandsoildataoneast-westtransects.Analysisrevealedthatthevaryingtrendandstrengthofthespeciesdiversity,dominanceandcoveroftheplantcommunitiesinthelongitudinalandtransversedirectionsacrossthelandscapearesignificantlydifferent.TheresultsofCCAordinationshowthatthemicro-habitatsofsoilorganicmatter(OM),soilsalts(TS),sortingindex(σ),topsoilwater-content(SM)andpHrelatetothedifferencesinvegetationobservedasdifferencesinspeciesassemblagefromsalt-intolerantephemerals,micro-subshrubsandsubshrubstosalt-tolerantshrubsandmicro-arbors.Theterrain(alt.)andsoiltexture(thecontentsofMzandφ1)affectthespatialdifferentiationofmanyspecies.However,thisspatialdifferentiationisnotsomarkedontransectsrunninglongitudinallywiththelandscape,inthesamedirectionasthedunes.Thespeciesofthedesertvegetationhaveformedthreeassemblagesundertheactionofhabitatgradients,relatingtothreesectionsrunningtransverselyacrossthelandscape,atrightanglestothedirectionofthedunecrests.Inthemid-eastsectionofthestudyareathetopographyishigher,withsand-landsordune-slopeswithcoarseparticles.HerethedominantvegetationcomprisesshrubsandsubshrubsofSeriphidiumsantoliumandEphedradistachya,withlargenumbersofephemeralandephemeroidplantsofSeneciosubdentatus,andCarexphysodesinspringandsummer.Onthesoilofthedune-slopesinthemidwestofthestudyarea,withcoarseparticlesandabundantTK,theplantassemblageofHaloxylonpersicu
简介:西宁盆地较为完整地保存着一套新生代(约55-17Ma)地层,盆地内的水湾村附近出露的晚始新世石膏-红色泥岩旋回沉积序列,是研究晚始新世气候演变的理想地质记录。关于这套地层的沉积环境存在不同的观点,尤其是关于其中泥岩地层成因的争论颇多,主要有洪积扇远端沉积、咸水深湖沉积和风积成因3种观点,差别甚大,至今没有统一的认识。沉积物的粒度可以用来反演其形成时的沉积动力及沉积环境,为了明确该段地层中泥岩的沉积环境,本研究选取水湾剖面代表性泥岩样品进行了系统的粒度测量及分析,结果表明,西宁盆地晚始新世泥岩沉积与黄土高原典型黄土-古土壤粒度特征类似,应为风积地层,而不是洪积扇远端或咸水深湖沉积。西宁盆地晚始新世风积地层的发现为盆地区域构造和古气候演化研究提供了新的研究视角。
简介:ThesouthcoastalplainofLaizhouBayisoneofthetypicalsalt-waterintrusionareasinChina,theoccurrenceanddevelopmentofwhichwascloselyrelatedwiththepa-laeoenvironmentevolution.Systematicanalysesofpollen,foraminiferaandgrainsizecom-positionbasedon14Candluminescencedatingfromtwosedimentcoreswereperformedforthepurposeofunderstandingthesalt-waterintrusioninthecoastalplainofLaizhouBayfromtheperspectiveofenvironmentalevolutionsincelatePleistocene.Itcouldbeclassifiedintosevenevolutionstagessince120kaBP:120–85kaBPwasatransitionperiodfromcoldtowarm;85–76kaBPwasaperiodwithwarmandwetclimatehavingswamplakesdevelopedinthelowerreachesoftheWeiheRiver,southcoastalplainofLaizhouBay;76–50kaBPwascharacterizedbygrasslandvegetationandcoarsesedimentsinterrestrialenvironment,whichwastheearlystageofDaliIce-Age;50–24kaBPwasaperiodwithalternateseadepositioninthesouthcoastalplainofLaizhouBay;24–10kaBPwasthelatestageofDaliIce-AgewithcoldestperiodofQuaternary,thesouthcoastalplainofLaizhouBaywasdrygrasslandandloessdepositionenvironment;10–4kaBPwasanotherwarmandwetclimateperiod,sealevelwashighandregressedat4kaBP;andhasbeenthemodernsedimentaryenvironmentsince4kaBP.Amongthethreewarmstages,including85–76kaBP,50–24kaBPand10–4kaBP,correspondedtolateYangkou,GuangraoandKenliseawatertransgressionrespec-tively.ThedurationofthelatteroneinsouthcoastalplainofLaizhouBaywaslongerthanthatinwestcoastofBohaiSeaandeastcoastofLaizhouBay.Thethreeperiodsofseawatertransgressionformedthefoundationofsalt-waterintrusioninthisarea.
简介:泥裂在现代环境和地质时期都很常见,是细粒沉积物浸水后出露于水面之上蒸发干裂而形成,泥裂的出现说明沉积物曾出露于地表水面之上,地质时期常被作为干旱化或干湿交替环境的标志。然而,泥裂可在沉积物出露水面之上很短时间内形成,泥裂本身并不足以反映其古环境,需结合沉积物特征分析。本研究详细阐述太行山中元古界红层和白垩系丹霞红层中不同形式的泥裂特征,与现代泥裂形成环境对比,结合红层的环境意义和磁性矿物特征,初步探讨地质时期红层中泥裂所代表的古环境。泥裂表明沉积物曾出露于水面之上,红层形成和稳定需要长时间处于透水性较好的氧化环境;对红层中泥裂的磁学分析可知,赤铁矿是其中主要的磁性矿物,含量非常高,赤铁矿形成并稳定于干燥的氧化环境;综合分析认为:红层中泥裂形成后长期处于相对干燥的氧化环境,受水下还原环境影响时间较短。根据红层中泥裂代表的古环境可以推断,太行山中元古界红层和白垩系红层发育泥裂所在的层位可能以长期干燥氧化环境为主。
简介:利用2014年天津古海岸与湿地国家级自然保护区湿地核心区综合考察资料,采用压力-状态-响应(pressure-state-response,PSR)模型,选取了24个能够切实反映湿地核心区健康状况的指标,构建了天津古海岸与湿地国家级自然保护区湿地核心区健康评估指标体系;确定了评估体系的评估标准和等级划分;采用层次分析法,确定了各项指标的权重,系统评估了2014年湿地核心区的健康状况。研究结果表明,2014年天津古海岸与湿地国家级自然保护区湿地核心区健康的综合评估指数为0.4801,说明该湿地核心区处于不健康状态;该湿地核心区的健康状况主要受气温升高、降水量减少和水利工程建设、农业和渔业开发、粗放式旅游开发的影响,提出了改善天津古海岸与湿地国家级自然保护区湿地核心区健康状况的措施和建议。