简介:侵蚀退化红壤植被恢复后生态系统碳库变化的研究对全面认识生态恢复的作用以及碳汇经营具有重要意义.试验地位于福建省长汀县河田镇,本文以采用种植百喜草治理侵蚀退化地上典型“小老头”马尾松林(百喜草治理地)为对象,以相邻的未治理地为对照,研究生态系统及其各个分室碳库的变化.结果表明:侵蚀地种植百喜草治理后生态系统、乔木层及土壤层碳库均显著(P〈0.05)或极显著(P〈0.01)高于对照地,分别是对照的2.32倍、5.23倍和1.81倍.乔木层各器官碳贮量均显著高于对照地(P〈0.05),其中树干碳贮量增量最大.与对照地土壤相比,表层0—20em土壤碳贮量增量高达5.84t·hm^-2,同时土壤深层(20~100cm)碳库增量(6.04t·hm^-2)与其相当.对照地的土壤碳库占生态系统碳库的比例为70.88%,而百喜草治理地的土壤碳库所占比例下降至55.28%,表明侵蚀地种植百喜草治理后生态系统碳库分配趋于合理.因此,从森林碳汇与可持续经营角度出发,种植百喜革治理侵蚀退化红壤是一项可行有效的措施.
简介:AstochasticmodelfordailyprecipitationsimulationinChinawasdevelopedbasedontheframeworkofa′Richardson-type′weathergeneratorthatisanimportanttoolinstudyingimpactsofweather/climateonavarietyofsystemsincludingecosystemandriskassessment.ThepurposeofthisworkistodevelopaweathergeneratorforapplicationsinChina.Thefocusisonprecipitationsimulationsincedeterminationofotherweathervariablessuchastemperatureisdependentonprecipitationsimulation.AframeworkoffirstorderMarkovChainwithGammaDistributionfordailyprecipitationisadoptedinthiswork.Basedonthisframework,fourparametersofprecipitationsimulationforeachmonthat672stationsalloverChinaweredeterminedusingdailyprecipitationdatafrom1961to2000.Comparedwithpreviousworks,ourestimationfortheparameterswasmadeformorestationsandlongerobservations,whichmakestheweathergeneratormoreapplicableandreliable.Spatialdistributionsofthefourparametersareanalyzedinaregionalclimatecontext.Theseasonalvariationsoftheseparametersatfivestationsrepresentingregionaldifferencesarediscussed.Basedontheestimatedmonthlyparametersat672stations,dailyprecipitationsforanyperiodcanbesimulated.A30-yearsimulationwasmadeandcomparedwithobservationsduring1971-2000intermsofannualandmonthlystatistics.Theresultsaresatisfactory,whichdemonstratestheusefulnessoftheweathergenerator.