简介：Severalindustrialapplicationssuchaselectronicdevices,heatexchangers,gasturbineblades,etc.needcoolingprocesses.Theinternalcoolingtechniqueisproperforsomeapplications.Inthepresentwork,computationalsimulationsweremadeusingANSYSCFXtopredicttheimprovementsofinternalheattransferintherectangularribbedchannelusingdifferentcoolants.Severalcoolantssuchasair,steam,air/mistandsteam/mistwereinvestigated.Theshearstresstransportmodel(SST)isselectedbycomparingthestandardk-ωandOmegaReynoldsStress(ωRS)turbulencemodelswithexperimentalresults.Theresultsindicatethattheheattransfercoefficientsareenhancedintheribbedchannelwhileinjectingsmallamountsofmist.Theheattransfercoefficientsofair/mist,steamandsteam/mistincreaseby12.5%,49.5%and107%overthatofair,respectively.Furthermore,incomparisontoair,theair/mistheattransfercoefficientenhancesbyabout1.05to1.14timeswhenthemistmassfractionincreasesfrom2%to8%,respectively.Thesteam/mistheattransfercoefficientincreasesbyabout1.12to1.27timeshigherthanthatofsteamovertheconsideredrangeofmistmassfraction.

简介：Ananalyticalstudywaspresentedonactivecontrolofsoundtransmissionintoavibro-acousticenclosurecomprisingtwoflexibleplates.Twotypesofactuatorswereused,i.e.acousticactuatoranddistributedleadzirconatetitanatepiezoelectric(PZT)actuatorinsteadofpointforceactuator.Usingthemodalacoustictransferimpedance-mobilitymatrices,theexcitationandinteractioninthecoupledsoundtransmissionsystemcanbedescribedwithclearphysicalsignificance.Withthecontrolsystemdesignedtogloballyreducethesoundfield,differentcontrolsystemconfigurationswereconsidered,includingthestructuralactuatorontheincidentplate,actuatoronthereceivingplate,acousticactuatoronthecavity,andtheircombinations.Theeffectivenessandperformanceofthecontrolstrategycorrespondingtoeachsystemconfigurationwerecomparedanddiscussed.Theroleandcontrolmechanismofeachtypeofactuatorwereofparticularinterest.Itwasshownthattheincidentplateactuatoriseffectiveincontrollingthecavity-dominatedmodesandthestructuralmodesdominatedbytheincidentplateandreceivingplate.Twomaincontrolmechanismsareinvolvedinthiscontrolconfiguration,i.e.,modalsuppressingandmodalrearrangement.Forcontrolsystemconfigurationwithonlyacousticactuatorintheenclosure,themechanisminvolvedinthisarrangementispurelymodalsuppression.Desirableplacementsofstructuralactuatorsintermsoftotalpotentialenergyreductionwerealsodiscussed.