简介：组织一个链球菌(气体)，重要人的病原体，能引起包括表面的感染的感染并且潜在地的各种各样的类型致命的感染，和搜索因为阻止煤气的感染的一支有效疫苗是进行中的许多年了。这份报纸把FbaA(在气体的表面上表示的Fn有约束力的蛋白质)的immunogenicity和immunoprotection与M蛋白质的作比较，气体的最好的immunogen。为有免疫力的反应的试金显示出那FbaA，类似于M蛋白质，能在BALB/c老鼠导致蛋白质特定的高IgGtiter。而且，跟随煤气的挑战，与FbaA使免疫的老鼠与M显示出象那些的一样的保护的率蛋白质。这些结果显示FbaA处于在在老鼠对煤气的挑战导致保护的免疫的M蛋白质的能力是类似的。

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简介：Type2cytokinesareusuallypredominantintumorpatientsandassociatedwithtumorprogression.Toexplorewhetherreversingoftype2predominancecouldbeapromisingstrategyintumorimmunotherapy,PBMCsof35lungcancerpatientsand19healthysubjectswerepreparedandsubjectedtobeexaminedforcytokinesecretionandgeneexpression.Tetra-Methylpyrazine(TTMP),extractedfromatraditionalChinesemedicinalherbwhichhasbeenusedinclinictoreversetheTh2statusofcancerpatientsinChina,wasaddedtoPBMCculture.DeterminedbyRT-PCR,thepositivepercentagesofmRNAexpressionoftype1cytokines(8.6%forIFN-γand11.4%forIL-2)werelowerthanthoseoftype2cytokines(71.4%forIL-4,60%forIL-6and80%forIL-10)inpatients'PBMCs.Thepotentialofgeneexpressing(measuredasrelativeintensitytotheratioofβ-actin)inthepatientsfortype1cytokineswasalsoinalowlevel(0.111forIFN-γ,0.119forIL-2)incomparisonwitharelativehighlevelfortype2cytokines(0.319forIL-4,0.303forIL-6and0.377forIL-10).Meanwhile,bothpositivepercentageandrelativeintensityofgeneexpressionwerelowerforatype1cytokine-relatedtranscriptionfactorT-bet(31.4%and0.142,respectively)thanthosefortype2cytokine-relatedGATA3(85.7%and0.378,respectively).ThebloodserumlevelsofIFN-γandIL-2inthepatientswereslightlylowerbutnotsignificantlywhencomparedwithhealthycontrol.Incontrast,thelevelsIL-4andIL-6inpatientsweresignificantlyhigherthanthoseinhealthysubjectsbyELISAanalysis.TTMPcouldenhancesupernatantconcentrationandgeneexpressionlevelsofIFN-γ,IL-2andT-bet,butreducedthoseoftype2cytokines.Theseresultsdemonstratethatthelungcancerpatientshadapredominantexpressionoftype2cytokinesandTTMPcouldreversethetype2dominantstatus,whichmightofferanalternativetherapeuticregimeforlungcancerpatients.Cellular&MolecularImmunology.2004;1(1):63-70.

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