简介:Personalizedcancermedicinehasseensignificantimprovementsoverthepastdecade.RecentElsevierconference:Miamiwintersymposium2015(MWS2015)'TowardsPersonalizedCancerMedicine'meetingwasdedicatedtothisexcitingfield,andfocusedonnewprogressinpersonalizeddrugdevelopmentandantibodydrugagainstcheckpointpathway.Thismeetingreportsummarizesthekeydevelopmentspresentedanddiscussedatthemeeting,withafocusonimmunotherapy,especiallyontheCTLA-4andPD-1/PD-L1pathways.Themonoclonalantibodydrugsinterveningthesecheckpointpathwayshavethepotentialtoplayalargerroleinpersonalizemedicinewithinthenearfuture.Hereweintendedtoprovideacomprehensivesummaryaboutongoingtrendsandfutureperspectivesonpersonalizedmedicineincancertherapy.
简介:Objective:ToinvestigatetherelationshipbetweenNAD(P)H:quinoneoxidoreductase1(NQO1)C609TpolymorphismandcoloncancerriskinfarmersfromwesternregionofInnerMongolia.Methods:Polymerasechainreaction-restrictionfragmentlengthpolymorphism(PCR-RFLP)wasperformedtoanalyzeNQO1C609Tpolymorphismfrom160healthycontrolsand76coloncancerpatients.Results:Amongthecoloncancerpatients,theincidenceofNQO1Tallele(53.29%)wassignificantlyhigherthanitincontrolgroup(33.75%,P<0.001).TheindividualswithNQO1Tallelehadhigherrisk[2.239(95%CI:1.510-3.321)times]todevelopcoloncancerthanindividualswithNQO1Callele.TheincidenceofNQO1(T/T)(34.21%)incoloncancerpatientswashigherthanthatincontrolgroup(15.62%,P<0.001).Oddsratios(OR)analysissuggestedthatNQO1(T/T)andNQO1(T/C)genotypecarriershad3.813(95%CI:1.836-7.920)timesand2.080(1.026-4.219)timesriskcomparedwithwild-typeNQO1(C/C)genecarriersindevelopingcoloncancer.IndividualswithNQO1(T/T)genotypehad2.541(95%CI:0.990-6.552)times,3.713(95%CI:1.542-8.935)times,and3.471(95%CI:1.356-8.886)timesriskthanindividualswithNQO1(T/C)orNQO1(C/C)genotypeinwelldifferentiated,moderately-differentiated,andpoorly-differentiatedcoloncancerpatients,respectively.Conclusions:NQO1geneC609TcouldbeoneofriskfactorsofcoloncancerinfarmersfromwesternregionofInnerMongolia.
简介:Aparadoxincancerresearchisthatthemajorityofpatientsenrolledinclinicaltrialsarerelativelyyoungandfitwhiletypicalpatientsindailypracticeareelderlyandhavecomorbiditiesandimpairedorganfunction.Giventhesedifferences,manymajorstudiesprovideanimperfectguidetooptimizingthetreatmentofthemajorityofpatients.Sincecancerincidenceishighlycorrelatedwithage,andsincetheworld'spopulationisrapidlyageing,thisproblemcanonlyincrease.Forthisreason,oncologistsandgeriatriciansneedtocollaborateindevelopingtoolstosystematicallyassessthehealthstatusofelderlypatientsandtheirfitnesstoreceivecancertherapiesofvariousintensity.Tailoringanti-cancertreatmentsandsupportivecaretoindividualneedsshouldbeseenaspartofthemovetowardspersonalizedmedicine.Achievingthisgoalisasmuchofachallengetodevelopingandmiddle-incomecountriesasitistowesternnations.The2015annualconferenceoftheInternationalSocietyofGeriatricOncology(SIOG)heldinPrague,CzechRepublic,November2015andhadaglobalfocusonadvancingthescienceofgeriatriconcologyandsupportivecare.Centraltothisapproachisthesystematicassessmentoflifeexpectancy,independentfunctioning,andthephysicalandpsychologicalhealthofoldercancerpatients.Theassumptionbehindcomprehensivegeriatricassessmentisthatelderlycancerpatientshavecomplexneeds.Theimplicationisthateffectiveinterventionwillrequireamultidisciplinaryteam.Examplesofeffectivegeriatricassessment,multidisciplinaryworkingandsupportivecarewerepresentedattheSIOGconference.
简介:目的观察膝关节脱位合并动脉损伤诊治后的疗效。方法10例中,闭合性损伤6例,开放性损伤4例,伤后10h转运至我院,及时予以膝关节复位外固定器固定、修复断裂血管、小腿切开减压以及神经缝合、韧带重建等处理。结果患肢均得以保存。随访3个月至6年。2例在术后2年内重建交叉韧带,膝踝关节活动良好。4例合并腓总神经损伤者2例后期行踝关节融合术。1例小腿骨筋膜室综合征患者肌肉坏死后踝关节功能障碍,术后9个月行踝关节融合术。1例术后即重返工作。3例术后2年仍有关节疼痛和关节僵硬症状。1例术后3年失访。结论早期诊断,及时恢复血液供应,尽早重建膝关节交叉韧带,可以有效提高膝关节脱位合并动脉损伤的疗效。
简介:背景与目的:家族性脑血管母细胞瘤是一种特殊的脑血管母细胞瘤,临床对其认识不足,发现率较低。本文探讨家族性脑血管母细胞瘤的临床特点和适宜的外科处置。方法:采用同顾方法对10例经手术和病理证实的家族性血管母细胞瘤进行临床分析一结果:本组病例占同期血管母细胞瘤8.92%(10/112),家族性血管母细胞瘤产生新病灶率(40%)明显高于散发性血管母细胞瘤(3.92%);肿瘤伞切除18枚(其中囊结节肿瘤13枚,实质性肿瘤5枚),手术死亡1例,出院9例中5例复发.复发问隔4~127个月.平均42个月一恢复劳动或丁作6例,生活自理2例,仍需他人照料1例。结论:家族性脑血管母细胞瘤较散发性血管母细胞瘤易产生新病灶和复发,预后较差,应终身随访;临床应加强对家族性脑血管母细胞瘤的认识.VHL基因诊断是现今可取的诊断手段,并改变患者及家族成员的处置过程。
简介:我院于1990~1999年对10例恶性肿瘤进行自体骨髓造血干细胞移植(ABMT)治疗取得了一定的疗效,现报告如下:
简介:Objective:Fusogenicendogenousretroviralsyncytinplaysanimportantroleintheformationofsyncytiotrophoblastsinhumanplacenta.Apartfromitsexpressioninplacenta,brainandtestis,syncytinhasalsobeenfoundinmanycancers.Althoughsyncytinhasbeenproposedtoserveasapositiveprognosticmarkerinsomecancers,theunderlyingmechanismisunclear.Theaimofthisstudyistoevaluatetheeffectsofsyncytinexpressionontheinvasivephenotypeofmelanomacells.Methods:Theeukaryoticexpressionplasmidforsyncytin-EGFPwasconstructedandtransfectedintoB16F10melanomacells.TheeffectofsyncytinontheinvasionpotentialoftumorcellswasevaluatedinB16F10sublinecellsthatstablyexpressedsyncytin-EGFPfusionproteinorEGFPalone.Results:TheB16F10sublinesthatstablyexpressedsyncytin-EGFPorEGFPalonewereestablishedrespectivelyandconfirmedbyimmunofluorescentandimmunoblottingassay.SyncytinexpressioninB16F10cellswasassociatedwithdecreasedcellproliferation,migrationandinvasion.Multinucleatedgiantcellsthatcontainedasmanyasfivenucleiwereinducedinsyncytin-expressingcells.Inaddition,syncytinexpressiondidnotalterthesensitivityofB16F10cellstotrichosanthin,atoxinthatdamagessyncytiotrophoblastsmoreefficientlythanothertissues.Conclusions:Theseresultssuggestthatsyncytinexpressioninsomecancersmayconfinetheirinvasionpotentialandthusserveasapositiveprognosticfactor.更多还原
简介:目的:报道利用椎管内残留神经根修复臂丛神经损伤10例的随访结果。方法2002年2月至2006年6月,我院收治的13例臂丛神经损伤患者,CTM显示:部分已损伤的神经根仍存在椎管内神经前后根;而探查锁骨上臂丛神经时,在椎孔外找不到相应的具正常结构的神经根近端。通过打开椎管将椎管内残留的神经根,用腓肠神经桥接进行神经修复。术后至少随访3年者10例,分别为C54例,C5~63例,C61例,C71例,C8~T11例。结果10例均在其椎管内找到了具有正常结构的神经根近端,C5修复肩胛上神经和C5神经远端各1例,C5修复腋神经1例,C5修复正中神经内侧头1例,C6修复上干前股1例,C7修复内侧束1例,C5~6分别修复上干后股、肌皮神经1例,C5~6分别修复上干后股、上干前股1例,C5~6分别修复肩胛上神经、上干前股1例,C8~T1共同修复正中神经内侧头1例。术后随访45~68个月,平均54个月。10例修复神经所支配肌肉的肌力均达3~4级,且肩外展、屈肘活动自如,不须进行特别锻炼。结论通过椎管内壁丛神经探查,可将传统手术放弃的椎管内残留神经根找到打开椎管对损伤神经根的近端进行修复,这将为臂丛神经根性损伤的修复提供理想的动力神经源;且通过打开椎管依据臂丛神经的解剖结构进行修复,有利于臂丛神经治疗效果的提高。
简介:目的探讨原钙粘蛋白(PCDH10)在胃癌组织中的表达特点及与患者临床特征、预后的关系。方法分别选取术后胃癌组织标本90例和癌旁组织标本45例,采用蛋白质印迹法、免疫组化法检测两组标本中PCDH10蛋白表达情况,比较不同临床特征的胃癌患者胃癌组织的PCDH10阳性表达率,探讨PCDH10蛋白表达与患者预后的关系。结果胃癌组织中PCDH10阳性表达率为32.22%,明显低于癌旁组织的84.44%,差异有统计学意义(P﹤0.01);胃癌组织中PCDH10蛋白相对表达量明显低于癌旁组织,差异有统计学意义(P﹤0.01);TNM分期为Ⅰ~Ⅱ期、无淋巴结转移的胃癌患者胃癌组织的PCDH10阳性表达率高于TNM分期为Ⅲ期、有淋巴结转移的胃癌患者,差异均有统计学意义(P﹤0.05);PCDH10阳性表达患者的3年生存率为62.1%,高于PCDH10阴性表达患者的36.1%,差异有统计学意义(P﹤0.05)。结论PCDH10在胃癌组织中相对表达量较低,并且与肿瘤的TNM分期、有无淋巴结转移及患者远期预后有关。