简介：目的探讨常染色体显性遗传性脑动脉病伴皮质下脑梗死和白质脑病（CADASIL）患者临床表现与MRI改变之间的关系。方法对一家系同代4例患者施行常规MRI和MRA检查，并对其脑部病变的信号特征、分布范围、分布规律、脑萎缩程度及相关临床表现进行分析。其中3例（先证者及其姐妹）经Notch3基因检查和皮肤组织活检明确诊断，余1例（先证者弟）经MRI和临床检查拟诊为常染色体显性遗传性脑动脉病。结果先证者经皮肤组织活检证实血管平滑肌细胞表面存在嗜锇颗粒沉积；Notch3基因突变：临床表现为渐进性记忆力减退，伴轻度偏瘫。家系中连续2代5例于43—48岁发病，均以痴呆伴轻度偏瘫为主要表现。MRI显示多发小灶性脑梗死，脑深部白质广泛稀疏和O＇Sullivan征、双侧额叶和顶叶大致对称性广泛皮质下与侧脑室旁的白质病灶、脑萎缩、皮质下腔隙性脑梗死、“人字征”、基底节和脑干形态不一的陈旧性腔隙性脑梗死、“黑洞征（blackholessign）”和“胡椒壶征（pepperpotsign）”等。简易智能状态检查量表评分先证者和其姐分别为21分和23分，其妹和弟分别为22分和29分；Coulthard评分先证者和其姐分别为32分和29分，其妹和弟分别为25分和27分。结论Coulthard评分提示CADASIL伴痴呆患者的MRI改变更为广泛，但该评分难以反映疾病早期的l临床表现。

简介：目的提高对伴有皮质下梗死和白质脑病的常染色体显性遗传性脑动脉病(cerebralautosomaldominantarteriopathywithsubcorticalinfarctsandleukoencephalopathy,CADASIL)临床特点和诊断方法的认识.方法对2003年4月7日收治的1例CADASIL患者的临床表现、影像学特点及皮肤活检结果等临床资料进行回顾性分析.结果主要临床表现为偏头痛、记忆力下降,头部MRI检查可见皮质下梗死、脑白质变性;皮肤活检电子显微镜显示小血管内皮下出现嗜锇酸颗粒.结论对出现反复发作性偏头痛的中年人,MRI检查示皮质下白质或基底节区长T1、长T2异常信号,应高度怀疑为CADASIL,需进一步行皮肤活检及基因检测,以明确诊断.

简介：Theirretrievablefateofneuronsdominatedtheneurosciencerhetoricforthefirsthalfofthiscentury,apositionthatwasfiercelycontestedandrecentlydebunkedbyextensivestudiescarriedoutinthefieldofneuroregenerationresearch.Theturningpointcameintheyear1928,whenRamonY.Cajal’s(Lobato,2008)worksuggestedthattheregenerativecapacityof

简介：BACKGROUND:Previousresearchhasrevealedthatsomatostatincaninduceepilepsy,andthatthelevelsofneuropeptideYmayincreaseandbecomemoreactiveinbrainareaswithepilepticseizures.OBJECTIVE:ToobservetheeffectofGanodermalucidumsporepowderontheneuropeptideYandsomatostatincontentinthecerebralcortexandhippocampalregionsofseizureratsinducedbypentylenetetrazol(PTZ).Furthermore,toverifyanyeffectofGanodermalucidumsporepowderoninhibitionofepilepticseizures.DESIGN,TIMEANDSETTING:ArandomizedgroupanimalstudywasperformedinAugust2007intheSchoolofBasicMedicalSciences,JiamusiUniversity(Jiamusi,Heilongjiang,China).MATERIALS:Thirtyhealthy,male,Wistarrats,aged12weeksandweighing180–220g,weretakenastheexperimentalanimals.PTZ(SigmaCompany,UnitedStates)wasusedtoinduceepilepsy.Ganodermalucidumspores(Leyss,exFrvariety)werepurchasedfromJiamusiCityWildGrowingCaseoftheGanodermaLucidum(China).Rabbitanti-somatostatinantibodiesandsecondaryantibodieswerepurchasedfromWuhanBosterCompany(China).NeuropeptideYradioimmunoassaykitwaspurchasedfromBeijingFuruiBiotechnologyCompany(China).METHODS:Thirtyratswererandomlydividedintothreegroups:acontrolgroup,anepilepsymodelgroupandaGanodermalucidumspore-treatedgroup.Eachgroupcontained10animals.RatsintheepilepsymodelgroupweretreatedwithintraperitonealinjectionsofPTZandgastricperfusionofphysiologicsaline.IntheGanodermalucidumspore-treatedgroup,intraperitonealinjectionofPTZandgastricperfusionofGanodermalucidumsporepowderwereadministered.Theblankcontrolgroupwasonlyadministeredwiththephysiologicalsalinebyintraperitonealinjectionandgastricperfusion.MAINOUTCOMEMEASURES:ImmunohistochemicalstainingandradioimmunoassaymethodswereusedtoobservethechangesofsomatostatinandneuropeptideYcontentinbraintissueofepilepticrats,aswellasthemorphologyofneurons

简介：ThisstudysoughttoidentifydifferentiallyexpressedproteinsinSH-SY5Ycellstreatedwithvalproicacid,usingtwo-dimensionaldifferencegelelectrophoresisanalysis.Threeproteinswereunambi-guouslyidentified:theeukaryotictranslationinitiationfactor4Aisoform1andATP6V1B2proteinweredownregulated,whiletheheterogeneousnuclearribonucleoproteinKwasupregulated.Moreover,allthreeproteinsareassociatedwithalteredexpressionduetooxidativestress.Ma-trix-assistedlaserdesorption/ionization-timeofflightmassspectrometryandproteinimmunoblottingassayconfirmedthedifferentialexpressionofeukaryotictranslationinitiationfactor4Aisoform1.Theresultsindicatethatvalproicacidexertsanantioxidationeffectbyregulatingtheexpressionofeukaryotictranslationinitiationfactor4Aisoform1.

简介：Freeradicalsinducedbytraumaticbraininjuryhavedeleteriouseffectsonthefunctionandantioxidantvitaminlevelsofseveralorgansystemsincludingthebrain.Melatoninpossessesantioxidanteffectonthebrainbymaintainingantioxidantenzymeandvitaminlevels.Weinvestigatedtheeffectsofmelatoninonantioxidantabilityinthecerebralcortexandbloodoftraumaticbraininjuryrats.Resultsshowedthatthecerebralcortexβ-carotene,vitaminC,vitaminE,reducedglutathione,anderythrocytereducedglutathionelevels,andplasmavitaminClevelweredecreasedbytraumaticbraininjurywhereastheywereincreasedfollowingmelatonintreatment.Inconclusion,melatoninseemstohaveprotectiveeffectsontraumaticbraininjury-inducedcerebralcortexandbloodtoxicitybyinhibitingfreeradicalformationandsupportingantioxidantvitaminredoxsystem.

简介：目的研究胶质瘤病灶的血管造影表现与肿瘤新生微血管密度、恶性程度及预后的关系，为预测介入化疗的疗效及探索新治疗方法提供依据．方法对59例外科治疗后颅内残余瘤体最小径大于3cm的脑胶质瘤病人行DSA．对病灶染色情况进行分型，按Weidner法测定肿瘤微血管密度，并随访治疗恢复情况。结果非染色型胶质瘤病理构成以低级别胶质瘤为主，微血管密度为18．46±9．96．生存期43、1个月：羽状血管增生型以间变性星形细胞瘤为主，微血管密度为44．17±13．38，生存期24．7个月；斑片状浓染型以多形性胶质母细胞瘤为主．微血管密度为77．69±18．28，生存期14．9个月。统计分析结果显示：肿瘤灶染色类型与血管密度、病理类型均可反映胶质瘤的恶性程度．并与胶质瘤病人的生存期密切相关（P〈0．05）。结论胶质瘤病灶染色能较好地反映肿瘤的微血管增生情况与恶性程度．可作为胶质瘤介入化疗中评估病情和疗效的客观指标。

简介：<正>我院自1997年8月～1999年4月采用国产X-刀治疗颅内疾病93例(98个病灶),经临床应用及58例随访,近期效果满意。

简介：Mitochondriaplayanimportantroleinneuronalapoptosiscausedbycerebralischemia,andtheroleismediatedbytheexpressionofmitochondrialproteins.Thisstudyinvestigatedtheinvolvementofmitochondrialproteinsinhippocampalcellapoptosisaftertransientcerebralischemia-reperfusioninjuryinagedratsusingacomparativeproteomicsstrategy.Ourexperimentalresultsshowthattheagedratbrainissensitivetoischemia-reperfusioninjuryandthattransientischemialedtocellapoptosisinthehippocampusandchangesinmemoryandcognitionofagedrats.Differentialproteomicsanalysissuggestedthatthisphenomenonmaybemediatedbymitochondrialproteinsassociatedwithenergymetabolismandapoptosisinagedrats.Thisstudyprovidespotentialdrugtargetsforthetreatmentoftransientcerebralischemia-reperfusioninjury.

简介：1病例介绍患者,男,5岁.4岁时阴茎、睾丸增大,逐渐出现阴毛,生长发育快,身高明显高于同龄儿童.CT及MRI检查示鞍上占位,CT为等密度占位,MRI为等信号影.

简介：X-irradiationhasabeneficialeffectintreatingspinalcordinjury.WesupposedthatX-irradiationcouldimprovethemicroenvironmentatthesiteofaspinalcordinjuryandinhibitglialscarformation.Thus,thisstudywasdesignedtoobservetheeffectsof8GyX-irradiationontheinjurysiteat6hoursand2,4,7,and14dayspostinjury,intermsofimprovementinthemicroenvironmentandhindlimbmotorfunction.ImmunohistochemistryshowedthattheexpressionofmacrophagemarkerED-1andtheareawithglialscarformationwerereduced.Inaddition,theBasso,BeattieandBresnahanscorewashigherat7dayspostinjuryrelativetotheothertimepointspostinjury.ResultsindicatedthatX-irradiationatadoseof8Gycaninhibitglialscarformationandalleviatetheinflammatoryreaction,therebyrepairingspinalcordinjury.X-irradiationat7dayspostspinalcordinjurymaybethebesttimewindow.

简介：BACKGROUND:ItisknownthatacupuncturetherapycandecreaseplasmaneuropeptideY(NPY)levelsinpatientswithcerebralinfarction,butdifferenttypesofacupuncturetherapyusedinvariousstagesofcerebralinfarctionhavenotbeenevaluated.OBJECTIVE:Toexploretheeffectofacupuncturetherapyonresuscitation(XingnaoKaiqiao)andplasmaNPYlevelsinpatientswithveryearlystageacutecerebralinfarction.DESIGN,TIMEANDSETTING:Thiscase-controlledstudywasperformedattheAffiliatedHospitaloftheMedicalCollegeoftheChinesePeople'sArmedPoliceForcebetweenSeptember2004andOctober2005.PARTICIPANTS:Sixtypatientswithacutecerebralinfarctionof≤6hourswereusedinthisstudy.Patientswererandomlydividedintoanacupuncturetherapygroup(n=30)andaroutinetreatmentgroup(n=30).Another30healthysubjectswereusedasthecontrolgroup.METHODS:TheacupuncturetherapyofXingnaoKaiqiaousedintheacupuncturetherapygroupwasbasedonroutinewesternmedicaltreatmentandwasperformedatbilateralNeiguan(PC6)usingthetwirling,reinforcing-reducingmethod,Renzhong(DU26)usingheavybird-peckingneedling,Sanyinjiao(SP6)usingreinforcingandreducingbyliftingandthrustingtheneedle,Jiquan(HT1),Weizhong(BL40)andChize(LU5)usingreinforcingandreducingbyliftingandthrustingtheneedle.Theacupuncturelastedfor14days.Patientsintheroutinetreatmentgroupunderwentroutinemedicaltreatmentandnointerventionwasgiventosubjectsinthecontrolgroup.MAINOUTCOMEMEASURES:A4mLvenousbloodsamplewasobtainedatdifferenttimepoints,i.e.,immediatelyafterhospitalization,thenextmorning,7and14daysaftertreatment,tomeasureplasmaNPYlevelspre-andpost-treatmentusingtheradio-immunitymethod.RESULTS:TheplasmaNPYlevelsweresignificantlyhigherinboththeroutinetreatmentgroupandtheacupuncturetherapygroupthaninthecontrolgrouppre-andpost-treatment(P<0.01).Inparticular,theplasmaNPYlevelsinboththeacupuncturetherapygroupa

简介：HeavyionbeamswithhighlinearenergytransferexhibitmorebeneficialphysicalandbiologicalperformancethanconventionalX-rays,thusimprovingthepotentialofthistypeofradiotherapyinthetreatmentofcancer.However,thesetworadiotherapymodalitiesbothcauseinevitablebraininjury.TheobjectiveofthisstudywastoevaluatetheeffectsofheavyionandX-rayirradiationonthecytoskeletonandcytomechanicalpropertiesofratcorticalneurons,aswellastodeterminethepotentialmechanismofneuronalinjuryafterirradiation.Corticalneuronsfrom30new-bornmicewereirradiatedwithheavyionbeamsatasingledoseof2GyandX-raysatasingledoseof4Gy;subsequentevaluationoftheireffectswerecarriedoutat24hoursafterirradiation.AnimmunofluorescenceassayshowedthatafterirradiationwithboththeheavyionbeamandX-rays,thenumberofprimaryneuronswassignificantlydecreased,andtherewasevidenceofapoptosis.Radiation-inducedneuronalinjurywasmoreapparentafterX-irradiation.Underatomicforcemicroscopy,theneuronalmembraneappearedroughandneuronalrigidityhadincreased.ThesecellchangesweremoreapparentfollowingexposuretoX-rays.OurfindingsindicatedthatdamagecausedbyheavyionandX-rayirradiationresultedinthestructuraldistortionandrearrangementofthecytoskeleton,andaffectedthecytomechanicalpropertiesofthecorticalneurons.Moreover,thisradiationinjurytonormalneuronswasmuchsevererafterirradiationwithX-raysthanafterheavyionbeamirradiation.

简介：目的：总结X-刀治疗颅内疾病的并发症。方法：以X-刀治疗颅内疾病158例，随访25．3±9．2个月，根据神经系统损害的症状和体征．结合影像检查，以判断是否发生并发症，并分析其原因。结果：总有效率为80．42％，共有14例发生并发症。其中9例为急性反应，5例为迟发性并发症。结论：立体定向放射神经外科虽然有较好的疗效，但也可能产生并发症。急性并发症主要与病灶部位有关，一旦发生可采取对症处理；而迟发性并发症则主要与病灶体积有关，应通过选择适应证及适当的治疗方法尽可能地避免。

简介：螺旋体分为螺旋体科和钩端螺旋体科,前者为密螺旋体属(梅毒螺旋体、雅司等)及疏螺旋体(Ly-me病的伯氏色素螺旋体);后者为钩端螺旋体属(钩端螺旋体)[1].

简介：目的探讨X刀治疗颅内室管膜瘤的疗效。方法X刀治疗12例手术残余室管膜瘤患者，其中WHO分级Ⅲ级4例，Ⅱ级6例，Ⅰ级2例。3例在X刀治疗前或后接受了20Gy分割外照射治疗。X刀中心剂量17．8～28Gy，边缘剂量9～16Gy。结果平均随访28个月。1、2、3年的无瘤进展生存率分别为91．7％、33．3％、25．0％。半数无瘤进展生存期为18个月。结论X刀对颅内术后残留室管膜瘤是一个有效的治疗措施。

简介：目的:探讨癌基因表达的变化与辐射性细胞放射损伤的关系.方法:采用免疫组化技术检测人脑星形细胞瘤细胞系经X射线处理前后p53、c-myc、bcl-2基因表达的变化;采用原位杂交方法检测p53基因在mPNA水平表达的变化.结果:①处理组内p53、c-myc基因表达率明显高于对照组(P<0.001),bcl-2表达显著减弱(P<0.05),p53或c-myc与bcl-2基因表达呈显著性负相关(P<0.05).②处理组内p53在mRNA水平表达量明显高于对照组(P<0.05),p53基因在蛋白水平与mRNA水平表达呈显著性正相关(P<0.05),p53基因在蛋白水平与mRNA水平表达呈显著性正相关(P<0.05).结论:p53、c-myc和bcl-2基因在X线诱导的细胞损伤中起着重要的作用.本研究结果为脑胶质瘤的放射治疗和基因治疗提供了一条新线索.

简介：目的：探究儿童睡眠呼吸障碍（RDDS）的扁桃体组织、腺样体组织细菌学特点。方法：选取2017年1月至2018年1月在本院接受扁桃体及腺样体切除术治疗的RDDS患儿80例进行观察，其中行扁桃体及腺样体切除术66例，单纯腺样体切除术11例，单纯扁桃体切除术3例。行扁桃体切除术患儿77例中，有扁桃体炎反复发作史的45例患儿分为观察组，32例无扁桃体炎反复发作史患儿分为对照组。术中取腺样体和扁桃体组织进行细菌学检查，记录观察检查结果。结果：1）行扁桃体及腺样体切除术患儿中66例有63例（95.45%）扁桃体组织、腺样体组织中分离出的细菌种类相同，10例（15.15%）扁桃体组织、腺样体组织上均感染了2种细菌，致病菌相同。2）观察组、对照组患儿扁桃体组织中细菌检出情况差异无统计学意义（P〉0.05）；3）扁桃体组织、腺样体组织中流感嗜血杆菌、金黄色葡萄球菌检出情况在各个季节分布比较，差异无统计学意义（P〉0.05）。结论：RDDS患儿腺样体及扁桃体组织内细菌检出情况基本相同，且有无扁桃体炎病史患儿扁桃体组织中的细菌检出情况基本相同。

简介：患者,男性,32岁,间歇性头昏头痛一年,1995年8月2日晚上突然左上肢发麻,触电感,随即意识丧失,倒地,伴四肢抽搐,历时1min,无大小便失禁.同年11月CT检查报告右额叶大脑镰旁有2.8cm×3cm范围的不规则强化灶(图1),其间和边缘低密度交错;右顶叶交界处1.2cm×1.5cm的低密度灶,增强不明显.DSA检查右额叶中线部位显示畸形血管团2.5cm×2.6cm,大脑前动脉明显增粗,诊断右额动静脉畸形;右额顶低密度病灶.

简介：患者男，62岁，教师，因突发头痛、呕吐、右侧肢体无力2h于2007年2月21日入院。患者入院前2h安静中突发头痛，以左颞部为甚，恶心、呕吐，言语不清。即来我院就诊，头颅CT示胼胝体高密度片状影延及顶叶．脑实质内未见异常密度灶，纵裂池及侧裂池密度增高，中线结构无移位。查体：血压21．3／12kPa，嗜睡状态，唤醒后能简单回答问题．但答非所问，烦躁不安，