简介：OBJECTIVE:Tosystematicallyevaluatethelong-termeffectandsafetyofXingnaoKaiqiaoneedlingmethodinischemicstroketreatment.DATARETRIEVAL:Weretrievedrelevantrandomandsemi-randomcontrolledtrialsthatusedtheXingnaoKaiqiaoneedlingmethodtotreatischemicstrokecomparedwithvariouscontroltreatmentssuchasconventionaldrugsorotheracupuncturetherapies.SearcheddatabasesincludedChinaNationalKnowledgeInfrastructure,WeipuInformationResourcesSystem,WanfangMedicalDataSystem,ChineseBiomedicalLiteratureDatabase,CochraneLibrary,andPubMed,fromMay2006toJuly2014.SELECTIONCRITERIA:Twoauthorsindependentlyconductedliteraturescreening,qualityevaluation,anddataextraction.ThequalityofarticleswasevaluatedaccordingtotheCochraneReviewers’Handbook5.1,andthestudywascarriedoutusingCochranesystemassessmentmethods.RevMan5.2wasusedformeta-analysisoftheincludedstudies.MAINOUTCOMEMEASURES:Mortalityrate,recurrencerate,anddisabilityratewereobserved.RESULTS:Ninerandomizedandsemi-randomizedcontrolledtrialstreating931casesofischemicstrokewereincludedinthisreview.Meta-analysisresultsshowedthattherewerenosignificantdifferencesinmortalityreduction(riskratio(RR)=0.58,95%confidenceinterval(CI):0.17–1.93,Z=0.89,P=0.37)orrecurrencerate(RR=0.55,95%CI:0.18–1.70,Z=1.04,P=0.30)ofischemicstrokepatientsbetweentheXingnaoKaiqiaoneedlingandcontroltreatmentgroups.However,theXingnaoKaiqiaoneedlingmethodhadatendencytowardshigherefficacyinmortalityreductionandrecurrencerates.TheXingnaoKaiqiaoneedlingmethodwassignificantlybetterthanthatofthecontroltreatmentinreducingdisabilityrate(RR=0.51,95%CI:0.27–0.98,Z=2.03,P<0.05).CONCLUSION:TheXingnaoKaiqiaoneedlingmethodhasabettereffectthancontroltreatmentinreducingdisabilityrate.Thelong-termeffectofXingnaoKaiqiaoneedlingagainstischemicstrokeisbetterthanthatofc

简介：Previousstudieshavedemonstratedthatdoublecortin-positiveimmatureneuronsexistpredominantlyinthesuperficiallayerofthecerebralcortexofadultmammalssuchasguineapigs,andtheseneuronsexhibitveryweakpropertiesofself-proliferationduringadulthoodunderphysiologicalconditions.Toverifywhetherenvironmentalenrichmenthasanimpactontheproliferationandmaturationoftheseimmatureneuronsintheprefrontalcortexofadultguineapigs,healthyadultguineapigsweresubjectedtoshort-termenvironmentalenrichment.Animalswereallowedtoplaywithvariouscognitiveandphysicalstimulatingobjectsoveraperiodof2weeks,twiceperday,for60minuteseach.Immunofluorescencestainingresultsindicatedthatthenumberofdoublecortin-positivecellsinlayerIIoftheprefrontalcortexwassignificantlyincreasedaftershort-termenvironmentalenrichmentexposure.Inaddition,thesedoublecortin-positivecellsco-expressed5-bromo-2-deoxyuridine(amarkerofcellproliferation),c-Fos(amarkerofcellviability)andNeuN(amarkerofmatureneurons).Experimentalfindingsshowedthatshort-termenvironmentalenrichmentcaninduceproliferation,activationandmaturationofdoublecortin-positivecellsinlayerIIoftheprefrontalcortexofadultguineapigs.