简介：目的设计整体运动知觉检测方法和研究正常人运动知觉特性.方法设计整体运动知觉测试软件,由微机控制,测定20例(40眼)正常人的运动知觉阈值.结果正常人运动知觉功能与性别及眼别无相关关系,而大于与小于50岁组的运动知觉分数值分别为4.47±0.40、4.85±0.16,两者具有显著性差异.结论建立了整体运动知觉检测方法,为临床应用打下了基础.

简介：AIM:Todefinetheultrasonographicstructureofnormallowereyelidanatomiccompartmentsandtheirspacialrelationshipindynamicmotion.METHODS:Highresolutionultrasound(15MHz)wasperformedonthelowereyelidsof7normalsubjects.Movementsofthelowereyelidanditscompartmentswerevisualizedwithultrasound.Inaddition,themaximalexcursionareaofthelowereyelidfatcompartmentsandretractormotionswasmeasuredbeforeandaftermotion.RESULTS:Theorbicularismusclecouldbeseenasanecholucentstructurebetweenthedermisandtheechodencefatpads.Lowereyelidfatpadseemstobedividedinto2compartmentsasrangeofmotionanddirectionofmovementofeachofthemvaries.Itseemsthatthesecompartmentshavealsodifferentbehavior.Themeasuredprofileareaofthevisiblenormallowereyelidfatpadsduringmovementofglobefromup-gazetodown-gazedecreasedby50%.Orderofmovementoflowereyelidstructuresseemstobeasfollows:afterglobemovementfistweseeretractormovement,anteriororbitalfatpad,thenskinandseptum,andfinallymovementofinferiorfatpad.CONCLUSION:Ultrasoundrepresentsanoninvasivetoolforthevisualizationoflowereyelidmorphology.Expandingitsapplicationcouldhelpusunderstandthecompartmentalchangesinphysiologicaleyelidmovement,inaginganddiseasedstudypopulations,aswellasassessoperativeoutcomes.

简介：目的：探索通过共焦激光眼底血管造影仪（HRA2）观测正常大鼠视网膜血管的形态和分布以及荧光标记的白细胞在眼底的运动情况的方法。方法：大鼠麻醉后散瞳并将其置于动物台上，荧光素钠血管造影观察大鼠视网膜血管的形态和分布，并照相和进行视频记录。另外，体外分离大鼠的外周血白细胞并用CFDA（6-carboxyfluoresceindiacetate）进行荧光标记，之后通过尾静脉将其回输进入同窝另一只大鼠的体内，观察白细胞在眼底血管的运动情况。结果：通过HRA2能够清楚而有效的观察到大鼠视网膜4级以上血管的形态和分布情况，并能够观察到白细胞在眼底血管中的各种运动状态。结论：建立了一种通过HRA2观测大鼠视网膜血管及白细胞运动的方法。

简介：目的观察单纯性巩膜暴露术与自体角膜缘结膜瓣移植术对翼状胬肉的疗效。方法将73例（73眼）单侧原发性翼状胬肉患者分为A、B2组。A组进行单纯性巩膜暴露术，B组进行自体角膜缘结膜瓣移植术。比较2组术前翼状胬肉突入角膜缘长度，术后角结膜上皮愈合时间及术后3个月复发率。结果术前2组翼状胬肉突人角膜缘长度差异无统计学意义（P〉0．05）。术后B组比A组角结膜上皮愈合时间短，差异有统计学意义（P〈0．01）。A组术后3个月复发率比B组高，差异有统计学意义（P〈0．01）。结论自体角膜缘结膜瓣移植术治疗翼状胬肉比单纯性巩膜暴露术更有效。

简介：目的研究不同程度面神经损伤后面神经运动神经元细胞凋亡相关蛋白caspase-3的表达。方法制作面神经切断和阻断30s的Wistar大鼠面瘫模型，应用链霉素卵白素生物素复合物检测术后1d至4周面神经运动神经元细胞凋亡相关蛋白caspase-3的表达。结果面神经切断组面神经运动神经元caspase-3表达先上升后下降，其中切断后第7天最高，1—7dcaspase-3的阳性率为25％-62％，7—28dcaspase-3的阳性率为0～62％；面神经阻断组面神经运动神经元caspase-3的表达与面神经切断组相似，1—7dcaspase-3的阳性率为23％-58％，7—28dcaspase-3的阳性率为0～58％。结论caspase-3可反应面神经运动神经元的凋亡情况，提示可以利用调控凋亡相关蛋白的表达干预凋亡，达到治疗面神经损伤造成的面瘫。（中国眼耳鼻喉科杂志，2008，8：12．14）

简介：目的探讨白内障超声乳化吸除术切口方式对术后视力及散光问题比较.方法对134例白内障患者,随机分为两组,分别采用表面麻醉下(0.4%倍诺喜)上方角膜透明切口和角巩膜隧道切口,施行Phaco+IOL植入术,观察两种切口在术中、术后并发症的发生率;术后视力恢复、角膜混浊、散光.结果角膜透明切口与巩膜隧道切口在术中、术后视力无明显差异,操作上前者简单,后者复杂.结论白内障超声乳化吸除术采用两种切口的术后角膜混浊、视力、散光无明显差异.

简介：目的：探讨不同手术方式对无晶状体眼硅油充填术后早期并发症的影响。方法：回顾性分析在我院进行玻璃体视网膜手术的120例患者的临床资料，根据术中是否行巩膜扣带术及巩膜扣带术先后的不同，随机分为3组，每组40眼。A组：单纯硅油充填组；B组：术前预置环扎带＋硅油充填组；C组：硅油充填后再进行外加压组，术后2wk内对各组硅油并发症进行观察。结果：术后A，B，C组高眼压的发病率分别为17．5％，12．5％．52．5％，硅油溢入前房的发病率分别7．5％，10．0％。30．0％。C组与其他两组比较差异有显著性意义（P〈0．05）。D组与E组进行比较差异有显著统计学意义,X^2=7．505，P〈0．01。结论：硅油充填术后早期并发症与手术方式密切相关，适当改进手术技巧，能降低硅油充填术后并发症的发生率。

简介：目的研究面神经损伤后对其运动神经元死亡的影响。方法以大鼠为研究对象,设计出5种面神经受损的实验模型,即面神经低位断伤,面神经高位断伤,面神经茎乳孔压榨伤,面神经茎乳孔牵拉伤,面神经茎乳孔切断后立即桥接。各组动物饲养1月后取其面神经核团,经CresylViolet染色,在显微镜下计算右,左侧面神经核团中运动神经元数目之比。结果实验表明:面神经低位断伤,高位断伤,压榨伤,牵拉伤,切断后立即桥接其运动神经元胞体存活率分别为78.26%,69.23%,94.02%,81.58%和83.85%,面神经低位断伤后运动神经元存活率同其它各组比较发现:面神经低位断伤后其运动神经元存活率比高位断伤者高,较面神经压榨伤和面神经切断后立即桥接低,同面神经牵拉伤者没有明显差异。结论面神经受损后其运动神经元数目的变化同损伤部位,损伤程度,以及损伤后的修复有关,为面神经损伤后手术时机的把握和手术方法的选择提供理论依据。

简介：目的：研究带有Ⅲ级以上硬核的复杂性白内障，两种手术方式的治疗效果。方法：回顾性分析52眼带有Ⅲ级以上硬核的复杂性白内障患者，采取晶状体超声粉碎技术（A组）以及小切口白内障囊外摘除（B组）不同术式的治疗效果。结果：A组术后最佳矫正视力的提高优于B组，差异有统计学意义（P〈0．05）；两种手术方式对中央角膜厚度的影响，差异无统计学意义（P〉0．05）；A组手术中对角膜内皮的影响多于B组，差异有统计学意义（P〈0．05）；A组手术并发症的发生低于B组，差异有统计学意义（P〈0．05）。结论：对于治疗带有Ⅲ级以上硬核的复杂性白内障，超声粉碎晶状体技术可以考虑应用。

简介：目的探讨一种规范化的的高度近视白内障超声乳化方式,总结手术注意点。方法选取高度近视白内障患者91例（91眼）均予以超声乳化联合人工晶体植入术治疗并总结。结果所有病例的术后裸眼视力均优于术前裸眼视力。术后第1天裸眼视力≥0.2共72眼（79.12%）,≥0.5共37只眼（40.66%）;术后3月裸眼视力≥0.2共85只眼（93.41%）,≥0.5共42只眼（46.15%）。最佳矫正视力≥0.2共89只眼（97.80%）,最佳矫正视力≥0.5共72只眼（79.12%）。术前散光度平均1.10D±0.78D,术后3月散光度平均1.25D±0.72D。术后散光度与术前散光度比较,差异无显著性（t=1.166,P=0.261）。无瞳孔严重变形、视网膜脱离、囊样黄斑水肿、瞳孔夹持、青光眼以及顽固性葡萄膜炎等并发症。结论低能量,高负压,低灌注,连续环形撕囊,双手劈核技术对于高度近视白内障患者更加安全有效。

简介：目的:对比全身麻醉与局部麻醉下进行儿童霰粒肿切除术的综合疗效。方法:回顾性病例对照研究。将2015-01/2016-12在我院接受霰粒肿切除手术的双眼霰粒肿患儿(4~10周岁),根据采用的麻醉方法分为两组:全身麻醉组(全麻组,67例134眼)和局部麻醉组(局麻组,72例144眼)。分析两组患者的疼痛及术后心理创伤,以及术后1mo眼表健康状况、术后1a内复发率和并发症等四个方面的差异。结果:全麻组和局麻组患儿均未出现麻醉相关并发症和意外。全麻组患儿术中不存在疼痛,术后3h的面部表情疼痛量表(FPS-R)值为4.94±1.23分,低于局麻组(7.00±1.14分),差异有统计学意义(P<0.001)。全麻组患儿有12例出现再次就医回避,局麻组为35例,差异有统计学意义(P<0.01)。全麻组的泪膜破裂时间、泪膜脂质层厚度和泪河高度均高于局麻组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.001);其睑脂性状评分也低于局麻组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.01)。全麻组患儿囊肿复发率为6.0%,低于局麻组的20.8%,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。全麻组患儿出现并发症发生率为4.5%,局麻组为15.3%,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论:全身麻醉下进行儿童霰粒肿手术具有术后疼痛轻、患儿依从性好的基本优点。与局部麻醉下手术相比,全身麻醉术中能够进行精细操作,术后眼表健康情况更好,并发症更少。

简介：板层角膜移植术常用于治疗角膜病变,可分为前板层角膜移植术、中间板层移植术和后板层角膜移植术.其中后板层角膜移植术是近年来发展较快的手术方式.板层角膜移植的供体也有多种类型,各有其特点,人工角膜和异种角膜的应用仍需要进一步的研究.

简介：目的参照眼球解剖参数,观察4种术式治疗APACG急性发作后的临床效果,研究其手术方式的选择,减少并发症的发生。方法回顾性病例研究。选择2011年5月至2015年5月在我科治疗的APACG急性发作期的患者,48例53眼。根据我国原发性青光眼诊断和治疗专家共识和眼球参数（晶状体厚度、眼轴长度、前房深度等）作为手术方式的选择条件分别作复合式小梁切除术、青白联合手术、单纯白内障手术、激光虹膜周切术,观察术后眼压（非接触性）、BCVA、房角改变、前房深度、滤过泡形态、并发症等。结果术后眼压较术前均明显下降,青白联合手术后眼压水平低于其他术式。视力较术前均有提高,单纯白内障手术提高最明显。前房深度较术前均有不同程度的加深,青白联合手术和单纯白内障手术加深显著。术后并发症无明显差异。复合式小梁切除术和青白联合手术术后滤过泡差异无统计学意义。结论对于具有短眼轴、晶状体相对比较厚的APACG患者,白内障手术指针可适当扩大,倡议行复合式小梁切除术时联合行晶状体摘除术,术后眼压控制更好,同时提高视力,短期内避免二次手术。

简介：目的分析白内障超声乳化加人工晶体植入联合小梁切除术中单切口术式和双切口术式对手术效果的影响.方法28例（31眼）青光眼合并白内障病例分为A、B两组.A组（单切口组）：15例（17眼）,巩膜隧道切口行白内障超乳＋IOL植入＋小梁切除术；B组（双切口组）：13例（14眼）,透明角膜切口行白内障超乳＋IOL植入,上方做传统小梁切除术.分析比较两组术后眼压、视力及并发症情况,随访3-6月.结果术后随访3-6月,两组视力均有提高.眼压：A组术前平均眼压33.21mmHg,术后16.24mmHg;B组：术前平均眼压34.25mmHg,术后15.74mmHg.术后眼压与术前相比,两组均有明显差异性；术后平均眼压两组之间无明显差异性.术后并发症无明显差异,功能性滤过泡数量两组之间无明显差异.结论超乳青光眼白内障联合手术,单切口和双切口术式均有良好的降低眼压、提高视力的作用,是治疗闭角型青光眼合并白内障安全、有效的方法.

简介：AIM:Toexploretheeffectofsaturatedhydrogensalineonbluelight-inducedretinaldamageinrats.·METHODS:Theretinaldamageofratswasinducedbybluelightexposurefor6hoursandexamined8hours,16hoursand24hoursaftertheexposure.OnehundredfemaleSprague-Dawleyratswererandomlydividedintofourgroups.Group1included30ratsreceivedlightexposurewithoutanyothertreatment.Group2included30ratsreceivedlightexposurewithintraperitonealinjectionofnormalsaline.Group3included30ratsreceivedlightexposurewithintraperitonealinjectionofsaturatedhydrogensaline.AndGroup4includedtheother10ratswhichdidnotreceiveanytreatment.Theamountofintraperitonealinjectionofsaturatedhydrogensalineandnormalsalinewascalculatedintheratioof1ml/100gofratweight.SpecimenswerecollectedandprocessedbyH-Estaining,ultrastructureobservation,biochemicalmeasurement.Morphologicalchangeswereobservedbylightmicroscopeandtransmissionelectronmicroscope(TEM)andtheretinalouternuclearlayer(ONL)thicknesswasmeasuredbyIPP6.0,whilethemalondialdehyde(MDA)wasmeasuredbycolorimetricdeterminationat532nm.·RESULTS:AlthoughthestructureofretinainGroup1andGroup2wasinjuredheavily,theinjuryinGroup3wasmild.ThedifferencesbetweenGroup1andGroup2werenotsignificant.ComparedwiththeratsinGroup1andGroup2,theonesinGroup3hadmoreclearlydemarcatedretinastructureandmoreorderedcellsbylightmicroscopeandTEMobservation.TheONLthicknesses(400times)offourgroupsateachtimepointexceptbetweenGroup1andGroup2weresignificantlydifferent(P<0.05).ThethicknessesoftheONLinGroup1atthreetimepointswere30.41±4.04μm,26.11±2.82μmand20.63±1.06μm,inGroup2were31.62±4.54μm,25.08±3.63μmand19.07±3.86μm,inGroup3were29.75±3.62μm,28.83±1.97μmand27.61±1.83μm.InGroup4themeanofthethicknesswas37.35±1.37μm.Astimewentby,thedamageg

简介：AIM:Anaerobicbacteriacancauseocularinfections.WetestedtheOxyPlateTMAnaerobicSystem(OXY)toisolatepertinentanaerobicbacteriathatcancauseoculardisease.METHODS:OXY,whichdoesnotrequiredirectanaerobicconditions(i.e.bags,jars),wascomparedtoconventionalisolationofincubatingculturemediainanaerobicbags.Standardcoloniescountswereperformedonanaerobicocularbacterialisolatesunderaerobicandanaerobicconditions(anaerobicbags)usingagarmedia:1)OXY(aerobiconly),2)5%sheepblood(SB),3)Chocolate,and4)Schaedler.Thebacteriatestedwerede-identifiedocularisolatesculturedfromendophthalmitisanddacryocystitisthatinclude10Propionibacteriumacnesand3Actinomycesspecies.Thecolonycountsforeachbacteriaisolate,oneachculturingcondition,wererankedfromlargesttosmallest,andnon-parametricallycomparedtodeterminethebestculturingcondition.RESULTS:Allanaerobicconditionswerepositiveforalloftheanaerobicisolates.SBandSchaedler’sagarunderaerobicconditionsdidnotsupportthegrowthofanaerobicbacteria.SparsegrowthwasnotedonchocolateagarwithPropionibacteriumacnes.Asananaerobicsystem,SBinananaerobicbagisolatedhighercolonycountsthanOXY(P=0.0028)andchocolateagar(P=0.0028).CONCLUSION:AlthoughOXYdidnottesttobemoreefficientthanotheranaerobicsystems,itappearstobeareasonablealternativeforisolatinganaerobicbacteriafromocularsites.Theuseofanagarmediuminaspeciallydesignedplate,withouttherequirementofananaerobicbag,renderedOXYasanadvantageoverotheranaerobicsystems.

简介：AIM:TodiscusstheimpactofLyciumBarbarumPolysaccharide(LBP)andDanshensupurifiedfromTraditionalChineseMedicine(TCM)onvascularendothelialgrowthfactor(VEGF)ofrabbitswithretinalneovascularization.METHODS:Fortyrabbitsweredividedintonormalcontrolgroup,modelcontrolgroup,LBPgroupandDanshensugroup.Animalsinthenormalcontrolgroupwerefedinthenormaloxygenenvironment.Animalsintheotherthreegroupswereputintotheenvironmentwith70%oxygenfor5daysinordertobuildthemodelofoxygen-inducedvascularproliferationretinopathy.AndthendifferentTCMextractwasinjectedintotheabdominalcavitiesoftheseannimals.After7days,theVEGFcontentofintheserumofrabbitwasmeasuredbydoubleantibodysandwichmethod.RESULTS:DataanalysisindicatedthatVEGFcontentwasasfollows:Danshensugroupwaslowerthanmodelcontrolgroup(12.92±3.84ng/Lvs19.32±4.15ng/L,P<0.05);LBPgroupandnormalcontrolgroupwerelowerthanmodelcontrolgroup(12.92±3.84ng/L,9.26±1.61ng/Lvs19.32±4.15ng/L,P<0.01);totalbloodviscosity,plasmaviscosity,cholesterolcontent,fibrinogencontentandtriacylglycerolcontentafterperitonealinjectionofLBPandDanshensuwereobviouslylowerthanbeforeinjection.CONCLUSION:TCMextract-LBPandDanshensucanprominentlyreducethecontentofVEGFintheprocessofvascularproliferativeretinopathyofrabbit;canpreventtheoccurrenceofretinalmicrovasculardiseasebyimprovingpartialoxygen-deficientenvironmentoraffectingallkindsofnewgrowthfactor.

简介：AIM:TopresenttheresultsofimplantationofIakymenkokeratoprosthesisinfivepatientswithvascularizedcornealleukomacausedbysevereocularinjury.·METHODS:Iakymenkokeratoprosthesiswasimplantedinto5eyesof5patients:4patientsweresufferedfromchemicalburnsand1patientfromexplosiveinjury.Thepreoperativevisualacuityrangedfromlightperceptiontohandmotion.Theimplantationsurgerywascomposedoftwo-stageprocedures.Thefollow-upperiodwasfrom9monthsto11years.Theoutcomemeasureswerevisualacuity,retention,andcomplicationsofthekeratoprosthesis.·RESULTS:Visionimprovementswereachievedinmostpatients.Allkeratoprosthesiswereretainedwithinthefollow-upperiod.Cornealmeltingoccurredinonepatientandfibrousclosureinanotherpatient,bothofwhichweresuccessfullytreated.Retinaldetachmentoccurredinonepatientaftersurgery.·CONCLUSION:Iakymenkokeratoprosthesisseemstobeapromisingalternativeforthepatientswithseverecornealinjury,butfurtherinvestigationisneededtoevaluatetheroleofIakymenkokeratoprosthesis.

简介：AIM:Toinvestigatethefrequencyofidiopathicphacodonesis(IP)insenilecataractsubjectsandtheshort-termclinicaloutcomesfollowingcataractsurgery.METHODS:Thisinstitutionalcase-controlstudyincluded1301consecutivelow-incomecataractsubjectsfromJunetoNovember2009.Anteriorsegmentwerecarefullyevaluatedwithdilatedpupilunderslit-lamp.IPwerescreenedandgradedbyacriteriasetbytheauthors.Riskfactors,surgicaloutcomes,andoperativecomplicationswereanalyzed.RESULTS:Atotalof42subjects(3.2%)withIPwerediagnosedandclassifiedasgrade1(36subjects),grade2(5subjects)andgrade3(1subject).HarderlensesandintumescentcataractswereobservedintheIPgroupthanthecontrolgroup(P<0.05).Logisticsregressiontestalsoindicatedthemainriskfactorwasthehardnessofthelens.Theincidenceofzonulardialysisduringsurgerywas23.8%(10eyes),whichwassignificantlyhigherthanthecontrols(0.7%,P<0.001).Visualoutcomesofthetwogroupswerenotstatisticallyorclinicallysignificant.CONCLUSION:HardnucleusandintumescentcataractarerelatedtoIPinsenilecataractsubjectsinQinghai,China.Withmorecarebeingtaken,grade1andsomeofthegrade2IPsubjectsachievedsimilarsurgicaloutcomesascomparedtocontrols.

简介：<正>DirSir,IamdoctorGuo-YuanYang,fromtheDepartmentofOphthalmologyofWestChinaHospitalofSichuanUniversityinChengdu,SichuanProvince,China.Iwritetopresentacasereportofposteriorlentiglobuswithcataract.