简介:眼内病毒感染多由疱疹病毒家族导致。在免疫功能正常者中,以病毒性前葡萄膜炎与急性视网膜坏死综合征较为常见。对免疫功能低下者,有巨细胞病毒视网膜炎及进行性外层视网膜坏死,两者均发生在获得性免疫缺陷综合征(AIDS)后期。其他非AIDS患者,如白血病、器官移植、恶性肿瘤或自身免疫性疾病,因长期使用免疫抑制剂亦可发生巨细胞病毒视网膜炎。本文结合文献分别对上述眼内病毒感染性疾病进行叙述。
简介:目的探讨氟米龙滴眼液联合抗病毒药物治疗单疱病毒性角膜炎的疗效。方法选取2015年10月—2017年6月在南京医科大学附属江宁医院收治的单纯疱疹病毒性角膜炎(基质型)患者共96例,随机分为治疗组和对照组,各48例。对照组予局部及全身抗病毒治疗,治疗组在对照组的基础上加用1g/L氟米龙滴眼液。将两组的临床疗效、眼压、治疗时间及复发率进行对比。结果治疗组的临床疗效优于对照组(P〈0.05)。两组的眼压比较,差异无统计学意义(P〉0.05)。治疗组的治疗时间短于对照组(P〈0.05)。治疗组的复发率低于对照组(P〈0.05)。结论在局部及全身抗病毒治疗基础上加用氟米龙滴眼液对于治疗单纯疱疹病毒性角膜炎(基质型)是一种有效的、安全的方法,可以缩短治疗时间,降低复发率。
简介:病毒性角膜炎是一种常见的眼病,通俗来说就是眼睛感染了病毒引起的炎症。病毒性角膜炎所引起的症状主要包括眼痛、流泪、眼睛发红、视力模糊等。一旦出现这些症状,就需要及时去医院看病,进行治疗。但是即使治愈了病毒性角膜炎,也有些人会面临后遗症的问题。 病毒性角膜炎最常见的后遗症是视力模糊和干眼症及角膜的瘢痕。角膜是眼睛的透明组织,是视觉的主要传导介质,如果受到损伤,就会导致不同程度的视力下降。大多数情况下,角膜瘢痕会对视力产生很大的影响,甚至可能导致失明。下面将具体科普一下病毒性角膜炎后遗症及具体治疗方法及注意事项。
简介:目的:评估以不同的方法治疗病毒性结膜炎并发症泪小点及泪小管闭塞的疗效。方法:此回顾性群组研究共纳入35例临床确诊为感染病毒性结膜炎的患者,经治疗后完全缓解,4wk后并发泪小点闭塞。本研究采用了泪小点扩张术,穿孔硅胶泪小点栓子植入术,和Mini-Monoka硅胶管植入术对该35例泪小点闭塞患者进行治疗。结果:首先,单独采用泪小点扩张术对所有35例患者进行治疗,其中只有6例患者(17.14%)取得了满意的疗效。其次,采用穿孔泪小点栓子植入术对上述采用泪小点扩张术无效的患者进行治疗,有20例(57.14%)患者取得了较好的疗效。最后,采用Mini-Monoka管植入术对上述两种治疗方案都无效的患者进行治疗,有9例(25.71%)患者的病情取得了重大的改善。另外,通过对上述病例进行统计分析,结果表明该疾病的严重程度与Mini-Monoka管的使用和是否双眼同时患病或者和上、下泪小点同时闭塞并无关联。结论:运用穿孔硅胶泪小点栓子能够有效治疗由病毒性结膜炎引起的泪小点闭塞。对分别经泪小点扩张术和穿孔硅胶泪小点栓子植入术治疗无效的患者,可采用Mini-Monoka管植入术以取得良好的治疗效果。
简介:目的评价华蟾素联合阿糖胞苷注射液和无环鸟苷滴眼液治疗单纯疱疹病毒性角膜炎的疗效。方法将186例(200只眼)单纯疱疹性病毒角膜炎患者随机分为治疗组106例和对照组94例,治疗组采用静脉滴注华蟾素、结膜下注射阿糖胞苷注射液和结膜囊滴用无环鸟苷滴眼液联合治疗。对照组采用上述三种治疗方法中的一种或两种。结果治疗组第一疗程治疗时间最长10天,最短3天,平均6天痊愈,治愈率为94.3%,而对照组治疗时间最长40天,最短7天,平均15.2天,治愈率为64.9%,两组相比差异有显著性(P<0.05)。结论本方法能明显缩短疗程,减少瘢痕形成,提高治愈率。
简介:目的探讨获得性免疫缺陷综合征(acquiredimmunodeficiencysyndrome,AIDS)患者巨细胞病毒性视网膜炎预防、临床特点和治疗方法。方法对获得性免疫缺陷综合征合并巨细胞病毒性视网膜炎11例(13眼)进行临床分析。结果11例(13眼)均有特征性视网膜病变及视力下降或眼前黑影;10例患者CD4^+T细胞计数〈50个/μl,均处于AIDS晚期,且合并有其他机会感染;5例CMV—PCR检测为阳性;8例CMVIgM检测中1例(+),7例(-)。6例经更昔洛韦治疗后视力提高,但需要较长的疗程;3例死于多重机会感染。结论巨细胞病毒性视网膜炎是获得性免疫缺陷综合征患者的常见机会感染,早发现和及时治疗对其治愈有重要意义,获得性免疫缺陷综合征患者应常规眼科检查和随访,尤其CD4^+T细胞计数〈50个/μl的患者。病原学检测在诊断中具有重要价值。
简介:目的分析常年性变应性鼻炎的狗、猫上皮变应原皮肤点刺试验的阳性结果,对其他气传变应原的反应性,并进一步探讨环境接触与其相关性。方法总结1022例常年性变应性鼻炎患者采用阿罗格叶7种气传变应原标准化试液进行的皮肤点刺试验;分析狗、猫上皮变应原的皮试结果及合并其他气传变应原阳性的比例;并根据是否有环境接触分类,比较各组在阳性率分布上的差异。结果常年性变应性鼻炎中狗上皮变应原皮试阳性占13.80%,猫上皮阳性占6.95%;且98%以上合并其他气传变应原阳性,尤以合并粉尘螨、屋尘螨阳性居多。其中21.93%和26.32%环境接触狗/猫的变应性鼻炎相应狗/猫上皮变应原皮试阳性;无环境接触组的阳性率分别为12.78%和6.58%,差异均有统计学意义(P〈0.01)。结论常年性变应性鼻炎的狗上皮及猫上皮的阳性率位居前列,其中绝大多数合并其他气传变应原阳性。鉴于环境接触对狗、猫上皮过敏的高危险性,变应性鼻炎患者应该尽可能地避免饲养、接触宠物。
简介:AIM:TotrainTibetanmonkey(Macacathibetana)forintraocularpressure(IOP)measurementinconsciousstateandobtainnormalIOPinconsciousTibetanMacaque.·METHODS:Thetrainingwasbasedonaward-conditionedbehavior.Foodstimulationandhuman-animalinteractionwereusedinthistraining.·RESULTS:TrainedTibetanmonkeyscalmlyacceptedIOPmeasurementbytheTonoVet?誖reboundtonometerwithoutsedationoranesthesiaandtheirIOPvaluesweresimilartootherprimates.·CONCLUSION:Human-cultivatedThibetanmonkeysaretamable,andcanbeusedforbiomedicalresearchsuchasophthalmicresearchwithoutanesthesia.
简介:AIM:ToevaluatetheefficacyofSeprafilmtransplantationfollowingadhesiolysisforpreventingpostoperativereadhesionandimprovingsurgicaloutcomes.METHODS:Primaryblepharoplastywascarriedoutonbotheyelidsof18albinorabbits.After2weeks,anewskinincisionwasmade,andadhesiolysiswasperformedonbotheyelids.Therabbitswerecategorizedintotwogroups,onewithadhesiolysisaloneinthelefteyelid(controlgroup),andtheotherwithadhesiolysiswithaSeprafilmgraftintherighteyelid(Seprafilmgroup).Thedegreesofinflammationandfibrosiswereexaminedwithhematoxylin-eosin(HE)andMasson’strichromestains.Expressionofα-smoothmuscleactin(α-SMA)wasalsoimmunohistochemicallyexamined.RESULTS:Eyelidexaminationimmediatelyaftertheoperationrevealedmildswellingandhemorrhageinbothgroups,butthesesymptomsresolvedafter1week-2weeks,andeyelidshapehadrecoveredcompletelyinbothgroups.MicroscopicassessmentsdemonstratedthattheSeprafilmgroupshowedlessinflammationandfibrosisthanthecontrolgroup.TheSeprafilmgroupalsoexhibitedfewerα-SMA-positivecellsthanthecontrolgroup.CONCLUSION:Basedonthesefindings,weconcludethatSeprafilmgraftwithadhesiolysisisaneffectivemethodforpreventingpostoperativereadhesionsaftereyelidsurgery.
简介:·AIM:Toinvestigatethetherapeuticeffectsofnanophtha-locyaninephotosensitizersonanexperimentalratchoroidalneovescularization(CNV)model,aswellastoevaluatethecytotoxicityofwhichonhumanretinalpigmentepithelia(HRPE)andhumanretinalendothelialcells(HRECs).·METHODS:Twotypesofphotosensitizers,G1-ZnPc(COOH)8andG1-ZnPc(COOH)8/mrespectively,wereadministratedforphotodynamictherapy(PDT)afterasuccessfulestablishmentofCNVmodelonBrown-Norway(BN)ratsviafundusphotocoagulation.Thetherapeuticeffectsofthetwodrugswereassessedthroughopticalcoherencetomography(OCT),fluoresceinfundusangiography(FFA)andtransmissionelectronmicroscopy(TEM).Forcytotoxicitytests,cellcountingkit-8(CCK-8)assaysandchangesofmitochondrialtransmembranepotential(△Ψm)wereconductedonHRPEandHRECsafterinitialuptakeofthetwodrugs.·RESULTS:Bothphotosensitizersdemonstratedanimprove-mentofvascularleakageandclosureofCNV1weekafterPDTasconfirmedbyfundusimage,OCT,FFAandTEM.TwoweeksafterPDT,G1-ZnPc(COOH)8/mshowedabetterCNVclosureeffectversusG1-ZnPc(COOH)8(P<0.05).Asignificantdifference(P<0.01)wasfoundinuptakeofthetwodrugsinHRPEandHRECs,withnodifferencebetweenthedrugs(P>0.05).BothphotosensitizersshowedcytotoxicityonHRPE,butG1-ZnPc(COOH)8/minducedalowercellviability.·CONCLUSION:G1-ZnPc(COOH)8/mmediatedPDTisbetterthanG1-ZnPc(COOH)8inCNVclosureandalsohavetheadvantageoffastmetabolismleadingtolesssideeffect.·
简介:AIM:ToevaluatetheeffectofCollagencross-linkingonthepreventionofmeltinginrabbitcorneasafteralkaliburn.·METHODS:TwentyNewZealandwhiterabbitswererandomlydividedintomodelcontrolgroupandcollagencross-linkingtreatmentgroup.Thesecondgroupofrabbitsreceivedcollagencrosslinkedtreatment.Bothgroupswereappliedwithantibioticeyedropstopreventinfection.Thecorneaswereevaluatedformelting,opacity,pathologicalandimmunohistochemistry,recordthechangeswhen28daysaftertheanimalswerekilled.·RESULTS:Inthecontrolgroup,6outof8rabbitsshowedcornealmeltingafterinjury(14±4)days,whiletwocornealperforated.Incollagencross-linkingtreatmentgroup,onerabbitshowedcornealmeltingafterinjury23days,withoutcornealperforation;cornealdissolutionratebetweenthetwogroupswassignificantlydifferent(P<0.05).Pathologicalexaminationsuggestedthatinthetreatmentgroup,mildcornealedema,milddamagetocollagenfibers,inflammatorycellinfiltrationwassignificantlylessthanthecontrolgroup.Immunohistochemistryshowedthatcornealcollagenfibersarrangedinneatrowsinthecontrolgroup.·CONCLUSION:Collagencross-linkingtreatmentnotonlycanpreventanddelaythecornealmeltingafteralkaliburn,butalsocanreducethedestructionofcornealcollagenfibersandinfiltrationofinflammatorycellsinthecornealtissue.
简介:·AIM:Toexploretheeffectofimmunizationwithcopolymer-1(COP-1)andretinalstemcells(RSCs)transplantationoninterferon-gamma(IFN-γ)levelsinaratexperimentalglaucomamodel.·METHODS:Anexperimentalglaucomawasinducedbyargonlaserphotocoagulationoftheepiscleralveinsandlimbalplexusintherighteyeofrats.Immediatelyfollowingglaucomainduction,ratswereimmunizedwithCOP-1.RSCswereculturedandtransplantedintravitreallyintotheeyesofglaucomamodelanimals1weekpost-lasertreatment.Sixexperimentalgroupswereused:COP-1/RSC,PBS/RSC,COP-1/PBS,PBS/PBS,glaucomamodelgroup,andanormalcontrolgroup.TheconcentrationofIFN-γinaqueoushumor(AH)andserumwasmeasuredbyenzyme-linkedimmunosorbentassay(ELISA)ineachofthesixgroups.Retinalganglioncell(RGC)survivalwasassessedbyquantifyingapoptosisusingHoechststaining.·RESULTS:ConcentrationsofIFN-γinAHandserumofratsthathadundergoneglaucomainductionwerehigherthanthoseofnon-inducedcontrolrats.TheconcentrationsofIFN-γinAHandserumoftheCOP-1/RSCstreatedgroupweredeterminedtobe2371.9ng/Land710.9ng/L,respectively,whichweresignificantlylowerthanthoseintheothertreatedgroups(P<0.05).Infact,IFN-γlevelsinthedualtreatedgroupwerereducedtobackgroundlevels.TheCOP-1/RSCgrouphadlowernumberofapoptoticRGCsthantheotherthreeexperimentalgroups(P<0.05).·CONCLUSION:ThereducedlevelsofIFN-γinAHandserumoftheCOP-1/RSCgroupmayberelatedtosynergisticeffectsbetweenRSCstransplantationandCOP-1immunemodulation.ItislikelythatthelowerlevelsofIFN-γpreventedRGCsglaucomatousapoptosis.·