简介：AIM:Toassesstheeffectivenessofimmunosuppressantsintheprophylaxisofcornealallograftrejectionafterhigh-riskkeratoplastyandnormal-riskkeratoplasty.METHODS:WesearchedtheCochraneCentralRegisterofControlledTrials(CENTRAL),MEDLINE,EMBASE,CNKI,VIPandreferencelistsofarticles.Dateofmostrecentsearch:18June,2011.Allrandomisedcontrolledtrials(RCTs)assessingtheuseofimmunosupressantsinthepreventionofgraftrejection,irrespectiveofpublicationlanguage.Twoauthorsassessedtrialqualityandextracteddataindependently.Onlydichotomousoutcomes(cleargraftsurvival,ratioofimmunereactionsandsideeffects)wereavailableandwereexpressedasrelativerisk(RR)and95%confidenceintervals(CI).RESULTS:Sevenstudieswereincludedinthisreview.Inthecomparingofmycophenolatemofetil(MMF)withplacebo,theresultsshowedMMFcouldsignificantlyreduceimmunereactionscomparedwithplacebo(RR1.0895%Cl0.95to1.21),butnoeffectoncleargraftsurvival(RR1.1195%Cl0.90to1.35).Incleargraftsurvivalandimmunereactions,MMFandcyclosporineA(CsA)showedsimilareffect(RR1.1195%Cl0.90to1.35,andRR1.48,95%Cl0.56to3.93,respectively).Tacrolimus(FK506)andsteroidshowedsimilareffectsoncleargraftsurvivalandimmunereactions(RR0.32,95%CI0.02to6.21,andRR1.00,95%CI0.88to1.14,respectively).Nodrugrelativesideeffecthasbeenfound.CONCLUSION:MMFmayreduceimmunereactionsinbothnormal-riskandhigh-riskrejectionofpenetratingkeratoplasty.CsAandFK506showedsimilareffectsasMMF.However,duetothelackoflargeclinicaltrials,theevidenceremainweak,thequalityofevidenceswereratedasverylowtomoderate.Large,properlyrandomised,placebo-controlled,doublemaskedtrialsareneededtoevaluatetheeffectofimmunosuppressants.

简介：视网膜母细胞瘤（retinoblastoma，RB）的化学治疗结合多次积极的局部治疗已上升为一线治疗，开辟了RB治疗的新纪元，本文就RB的国际分期以及化疗进展作一综述。

简介：目的：观察新鲜羊膜移植治疗急性期眼化学伤的临床疗效。方法：回顾性分析我院急性期眼化学伤患者25例36眼的临床资料,采用新鲜羊膜移植观察术后羊膜溶解时间、角膜上皮及透明度恢复、视力恢复及并发症情况。结果：随访3~6mo,矫正视力均有不同程度的提高或保持不变（100%）。31眼（86%）羊膜在2wk内溶解。33眼（92%）角膜上皮在4wk内完全愈合,3眼（8%）角膜上皮持续缺损,Ⅱ期需行角膜缘干细胞移植或角膜移植术。角膜缘有不同程度的新生血管10眼（28%）,角膜基质有不同程度的混浊6眼（17%）,晚期发生睑球粘连1眼（3%）。结论：新鲜羊膜移植是目前治疗急性期眼化学伤较为理想的手术方法,早期羊膜移植对于恢复视力,重建眼表,降低伤后并发症具有明显疗效。同时,由于新鲜羊膜具有来源广泛、取材简单、使用方便等优点,非常适合在基层医院使用。