简介：目的探讨6～10岁屈光不正儿童复方托品酰胺与阿托品电脑验光结果的差异性.方法对诊断为屈光不正的6～10岁患儿92人(184眼),先后分别给予复方托品酰胺验光和阿托品验光,并对其结果进行比较分析.结果(1)对既往持续戴镜的不伴内斜的远视眼,其结果符合率为97.22%;对未曾戴镜的远视眼,其结果符合率为10%.(2)对既往持续戴镜的近视眼,其结果符合率为100%;未戴镜的近视眼,其结果符合率为61.76%.结论对既往持续戴镜的不伴内斜的屈光不正儿童,复方托品酰胺验光可以代替阿托品验光.

简介：目的评价B型超声对眼内异物的诊断价值.方法回顾性分析50例经手术证实眼内异物病例的临床资料,对照B超与X线、CT的检查结果,根据术中所见异物的位置分析B超对眼内异物位置判断的准确性.结果B超对眼内异物位置的判断准确性达80%,对于异物与球壁关系的判断准确性达81.5%,高于X线,与CT接近.结论B超对眼内异物尤其是球壁异物的诊断有重要的参考价值,联合应用B超和其它辅助检查手段有助于提高眼内异物诊断率.

简介：AIM:ToinvestigatetheroleofBrn-3bindifferentiationprocessofstemcellsderivedfromretinalMiillercellsintotheganglioncell.METHODS:ThepassageculturemethodofMiillercellsfromretinaofnewbornSpragueDawleyratswascarriedoutbyrepeatedincompletepancreaticenzymedigestionmethod.Thecellsweredetectedbyfluorescenceactivatedcellsorter(FACS),immunohistochemistrytechnologyandreversetranscription-polymerasechainreaction(RT-PCR)todeterminethepurity.Thethirdpassageofcellswasinducedintheserum-freededifferentiationmedium.TheexpressionofthespecificmarkersKi-67andnestinofretinalstemcellswasmeasuredbyRT-PCRandWesternblot.Thecellproliferationofretinalstemcellswasdetectedby5-Ethynyl-2’-deoxyuridine(Edu)staining.Thecellswererandomlydividedinto5groupsasfollows:groupA:Brn-3bsiRNAgroup;groupB:Brn-3bcontrolsiRNAgroup;groupC:pGC-Brn-3b-greenfluorescentprotein(GFP)group;groupD:pGC-GFPgroup;groupE:controlgroup(withoutanyhandling).ThepurifiedMullercellswereculturedfor3-7d,then,thepercentageofganglioncellswascountedbyimmunofluorescencestaining.RESULTS:FACSdemonstratedthepurityofretinalMullercellswasmore97.44%.Afewsphericalcellspheresappeared.Immunofluorescencestainingshowedthatstemcellswithinthesphereswerepositiveforretinalstemcell-specificmarkersnestin(redfluorescence,92.94%±6.48%)andKi-67(greenfluorescence,85.96%±6.04%).Meanwhile,RT-PCRanalysisshowedcellspheresintheculturetohaveexpressedabatteryoftranscriptscharacteristicofstemcellssuchasnestinandKi-67,whichwereabsentintheMullercells.WesternblotanalysisfurtherconfirmedtheexpressionofnestinandKi-67inthecellspheresbutnotintheMullercells.Edustainingshowedmostofthenucleiwithinthecellsphereswerestainedred(82.80%±6.65%),suggestingthenewcellsphereshadthecapacityforeffectiveproliferation.ThestatisticsresultshowedthedifferencebetweenBrn-3bsiRNAgroupand

简介：鼓膜穿孔延缓愈合可导致声波传递增益减少。文献报道颗粒酶B通过细胞内、外途径介导炎症反应,影响或延缓皮肤等伤口愈合;颗粒酶B基因敲除的小鼠则不发生迟缓愈合。鼓膜结构与皮肤有相似性,但在正常鼓膜与损伤延迟愈合鼓膜中颗粒酶B的表达差异鲜有报道。本文总结了慢性鼓膜穿孔产生和延迟愈合的机制及颗粒酶B可能对其影响的途径,为研究颗粒酶B抑制剂在促进慢性鼓膜穿孔炎症损伤修复中的作用,为临床探索新的治疗手段提供依据。

简介：目的探讨桥小脑角疾病的相位平衡快速梯度回波(Balance-FastFieldEcho,B-FFE)序列MRI影像学特点,评价B-FFE序列对桥小脑角疾病的诊断价值.方法应用B-FFE序列对136例桥小脑角病变者(三叉神经痛131例、半面痉挛5例)进行MRI检查,观察桥小脑角神经、血管、肿瘤显像情况,并与手术中资料进行比较.结果131例三叉神经痛患者中,117例为原发性三叉神经痛,MRI显示有血管压迫者102例,术中证实有血管压迫者95例,行显微血管减压+神经梳理术;14例为继发性三叉神经痛,均为桥小脑角占位性病变,术后病理证实7例为胆脂瘤,2例为听神经瘤,5例为脑膜瘤;5例半面痉挛患者MRI显示有血管压迫,术中证实有血管压迫,并予以血管减压.结论B-FFE序列MRI成像能清楚显示桥小脑角区三叉神经、面神经与血管的关系及是否有占位性病变,对诊断、术前评估和指导治疗有重要意义.

简介：<正>在20世纪,耳鼻喉科不仅发展很快,而且对整个医学作出重大贡献:本世纪初气管食管窥镜的成功应用,创建了气管食管学;40年代双目手术显微镜问世导致耳显微外科的诞生;60年代初发现电刺激耳蜗神经引起听觉,发明人工耳蜗植入,至80年代引入微机处理,数字信息技术,产生多道程控人工

简介：目的：研究αB-晶体蛋白对大鼠急性高眼压后视网膜组织中αB-晶体蛋白含量,视网膜神经节细胞（retinalganglioncells,RGCs）中生长相关蛋白-43（growthassociatedprotein-43,GAP-43）表达和全视野视网膜电流图（full-fieldERG,F-ERG）的b波振幅差异,探讨αB-晶体蛋白对急性高眼压后RGCs轴突再生的影响。方法：采用随机分组设计的实验研究。本实验选择120只健康、无眼疾SD大鼠,随机分为以下4组：αB晶体蛋白组（αB）30只,生理盐水组（S）30只,假手术组（P）30只,急性高眼压组（H）30只,均以右眼为实验眼,分别于术后7d和14d各取5只术眼的视网膜,行Western-blot法,观察急性高眼压后视网膜中αB-晶体蛋白的表达;术后7,14,21d各取5只术眼的视网膜,行免疫组织化学法,观察急性高眼压后RGCs的GAP-43表达;术前和术后1mo时应用全视野ERG的b波振幅变化测定视网膜功能。组间数据比较采用单因素方差分析（One-wayANOVA）,组间两两比较采用SNK-q检验。结果：αB组视网膜中αB-晶体蛋白的表达于术后7d较高,14d时表达减弱（P=0.000）,但同一时间点明显高于其他三组（P=0.006,P=0.024,P=0.007;P=0.006,P=0.008,P=0.010）;αB组RGCs的GAP-43表达于术后7d达高峰,14d时表达减弱,21d时仍有少量表达（P=0.000）,但各时间点明显高于其他三组（P=0.001,P=0.002,P=0.001;P=0.015,P=0.002,P=0.006;P=0.005,P=0.003,P=0.005）;ERG-b波振幅于术后1mo较低（P=0.014,P=0.004,P=0.003,P=0.006）,其中术前各组ERG-b波振幅无明显差异（P=0.993）,术后1mo时αB组ERG-b波振幅明显高于其他三组（P=0.000,P=0.004,P=0.002）。结论：外源性αB-晶体蛋白能够提高视网膜αB-晶体蛋白的表达;αB-晶体蛋白通过促进RGCs中GAP-43的表达,从而促进RGCs的轴突再生;αB-晶体蛋白可促进视网膜功能的恢复,对大鼠视网膜无毒性作用。

简介：目的：探讨眼附属器B细胞非霍杰金淋巴瘤（B—cellnon-Hodgkinlymphoma，NHL）中Skp2，p27和PTEN的表达。方法：收集1995年到2011年青岛大学附属医院眼科石蜡包埋标本，用免疫组化法分别检测眼附属器B细胞NHL（n=30）标本中Skp2，p27和PTEN的表达，以眼部反应性淋巴组织增生（n=10）作为对照组。以患者的年龄、性别、发病部位，病理类型作为眼附属器B细胞NHL的的分类标准。结果：Skp2，p27和PTEN的表达与患者的年龄、性别、发病部位无关，而与病例类型有关。眼附属器B细胞NHLSkp2表达率与眼部反应性淋巴组织增生相比显著增高。p27，PTEN表达率与反应性淋巴组织增生相比显著降低。随眼附属器B细胞NHL病理分级的提高，Skp2的表达显著增高，p27和PTEN的表达显著降低。在黏膜相关淋巴组织结（mucosa—associatedlymphoidtissue，MALT）外边缘区B细胞淋巴瘤（diffuselargeB—celllymphoma，DLBCL）中，Skp2分别与p27，VFEN成负相关，p27和PTEN成正相关。结论：Skp2的表达升高，p27，PTEN蛋白的缺失以及可能与眼附属器B细胞NHL的发生有关；其中在MALT外边缘区DLBCL中，三种蛋白存在相关性。联合三种蛋白的检测眼附属器B细胞NHL的不同病理类型有重要意义。

简介：AIM:Todeterminewhethersinglenucleotidepolymorphism(SNP)rs641153isassociatedwiththeriskofage-relatedmaculardegeneration(AMD),weperformedasystematicmeta-analysisof15eligiblestudies.SNPinthecomplementfactorB(CFB)geneisconsideredtohavesignificantassociationwithAMDsusceptibility,butthereisgreatdiscrepancyintheseresults.METHODS:TheeligiblestudieswereidentifiedbysearchingthedatabasesofPubMed,EMBASE,andWebofScience.Oddsratios(ORs)with95%confidenceintervals(CIs)wereusedtoassesstheassociation.AlldatawereanalyzedusingStatasoftware.RESULTS:Theassociationbetweenrs641153andAMDriskwasstatisticallysignificantunderthehomozygousmodel(AAvsGG:OR=0.26,95%CI=0.15-0.45,P_h=0.973,/~2=0.0%,fixedeffects),dominantmodel(AA+GAvsGG:OR=0.49,95%CI=0.40-0.59,P_h=0.004,/~2=56.4%,randomeffects)andrecessivemodel(AAvsGA+GG:OR=0.30,95%CI=0.17-0.51,R_n=0.983,I~2=0.0%,fixedeffects).Thesameresultswerealsoobservedinthestratifiedanalysesbyethnicity,sourceofcontrolandsamplesize.CONCLUSION:Ourmeta-analysissuggeststhatrs641153intheCFBgenemayplayaprotectiveroleinAMDsusceptibility,thelateAMDinparticular,bothinCaucasiansandinAsians.

简介：AIM:Anaerobicbacteriacancauseocularinfections.WetestedtheOxyPlateTMAnaerobicSystem(OXY)toisolatepertinentanaerobicbacteriathatcancauseoculardisease.METHODS:OXY,whichdoesnotrequiredirectanaerobicconditions(i.e.bags,jars),wascomparedtoconventionalisolationofincubatingculturemediainanaerobicbags.Standardcoloniescountswereperformedonanaerobicocularbacterialisolatesunderaerobicandanaerobicconditions(anaerobicbags)usingagarmedia:1)OXY(aerobiconly),2)5%sheepblood(SB),3)Chocolate,and4)Schaedler.Thebacteriatestedwerede-identifiedocularisolatesculturedfromendophthalmitisanddacryocystitisthatinclude10Propionibacteriumacnesand3Actinomycesspecies.Thecolonycountsforeachbacteriaisolate,oneachculturingcondition,wererankedfromlargesttosmallest,andnon-parametricallycomparedtodeterminethebestculturingcondition.RESULTS:Allanaerobicconditionswerepositiveforalloftheanaerobicisolates.SBandSchaedler’sagarunderaerobicconditionsdidnotsupportthegrowthofanaerobicbacteria.SparsegrowthwasnotedonchocolateagarwithPropionibacteriumacnes.Asananaerobicsystem,SBinananaerobicbagisolatedhighercolonycountsthanOXY(P=0.0028)andchocolateagar(P=0.0028).CONCLUSION:AlthoughOXYdidnottesttobemoreefficientthanotheranaerobicsystems,itappearstobeareasonablealternativeforisolatinganaerobicbacteriafromocularsites.Theuseofanagarmediuminaspeciallydesignedplate,withouttherequirementofananaerobicbag,renderedOXYasanadvantageoverotheranaerobicsystems.

简介：AIM:ToIntroduceanewspecializedvisualacuitychartforamblyopicchildrenaged3-5yearsoldanditsclinicalapplications.METHODS:ThenewvisualacuitychartandnotationsweredesignedbasedonWeber-Fechnerlaw.Theoptotypeswereredagainstawhitebackgroundandwerespeciallyshapedfourbasicgeometricsymbols:circle,square,triangle,andcross.Aregulargeometricprogressionoftheoptotypesizesanddistributionwasemployedtoarrangein14lines.Theprogressionrateoftheoptotypesizebetweentwolineswas1.2589andthetestingdistancewas3m.VisualacuityscorecouldberecordedaslogMARnotationordecimalnotation.Agestratifieddiagnosticcriteriaforamblyopiaestablishedbyconsensusstatementondiagnosisofamblyopia(2011)amongmembersoftheStrabismusandPediatricOphthalmologyGroup,OphthalmologySociety,ChineseMedicalAssociation(SPOGOSCMA)wereillustratedinthenewvisualacuitychart.RESULTS:Whenassessingvisualacuityinchildrenaged3-5yearsold,thisnewvisualacuitychartthatconsistsoffoursymmetricalshapes(triangle,square,cross,andcircle)overcameaninabilitytorecognizethelettersofthealphabetanddifficultiesindesignatingthedirectionofblackabstractsymbolssuchasthetumbling’E’orLandolt’C’,whichthesubjectswerepronetoloseinterestin.Thevisualacuityscoremayberecordedindifferentnotations:decimalacuityandlogMAR.Thesetwonotationscanbeeasilyconvertedeachotherintheneweyechart.Themeasurementsofthisnewchartnotonlyshowedasignificantcorrelationandagoodconsistencywiththeinternationalstandardlogarithmicvisualacuitychart(r=0.932,P<0.01),butalsoindicatedahightest-retestreliability(89%ofretestscoreswerewithin0.1logMARunitsoftheinitialtestscore).CONCLUSION:Theresultsofthisstudysupportthevalidityandreliabilityofdistancevisualacuitymeasurementsusingtheneweyechartinchildrenaged3to5yearsoverawiderangeofvisualacuities,andtheneweyechartisgreatforearl