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  • 简介:Theaimofthismanuscriptistoreviewtheactionandadverseeffectsofcombinedoralcontraceptives(COCs)onoculartissues.Thepercentageofunwantedpregnanciesandthesubsequentabortionsmakecontraceptioncrucialworldwide.Over100millionwomenaroundtheworldusecommoncontraceptivemethods,includingintrauterinedevices,combinedestrogenandprogestinoralcontraceptives,aswellasprogestinonlypreparations(oralcontraceptives,implantsorinjections).COCsarewidelyusedforcontraception,buttheyarealsoindicatedinmenorrhagia,endometriosis,acneandhirsutism,fibroiduterusandpremenstrualsyndrome.However,theyhavebeenassociatedwithhighratesofcardiovascularevents,venousthromboembolicdisease,ischemicstrokesandbreastcancer.TheincidenceofCOCs-relatedocularcomplicationsisestimatedtobe1in230000,includingdryeyesymptoms,cornealedema,lensopacitiesandretinalneuro-ophthalmologicorvascularcomplications.WemayinferthattheseriousocularcomplicationsofCOCscanbepreventedbyeliminatingtheestrogendosageandchoosingthird-generationprogestins.Inanycase,doctorsshouldtakeintoconsiderationthesystemicandocularhistoryofthepatientsbeforeselectinganymethodofcontraception.

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  • 简介:<正>DearSir,Weherebyreportacaseofbilateralacuteangleclosureglaucomasecondarytoasystemicdecongestantcontainingpseudoephedrinefreelyavailableoverthecounter.Acuteangleclosureglaucomaisanocularemergency.Delayedrecognitionandtreatmentinevitablyleadstopermanentvisualimpairment.Acuteangleclosureoccursasaresultofobstructiontoaqueousdrainagebyblockageofthetrabecularmeshworkbytheiris.Typicalpresentingsymptomsincludeacuteonsetofocularpain,headacheandblurredvision.Onclinicalexamination,itischaracterizedbyamarkedlyraisedIOPofabove21mmHgtogetherwith

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  • 简介:AIM:Toinvestigateandcomparethecytopathologicalandclinicaleffectsofamnioticmembranetransplantation(AMT)andoralmucosalmembranetransplantation(OMMT)insocketcontraction.METHODS:Twelvepatientswhocouldnotbefittedwithocularprosthesisduetosocketcontracturewereincludedinthisstudy.SevenpatientsunderwentAMTand5patientsunderwentOMMT.Thirteenpatientswhohadhealthysocketswereincludedascontrolgroup.Depthofinferiorfornix,degreeofinflammation,extentofthesocketcontractureandsocketvolumeweremeasuredinthepreoperativeperiodandatsixthandtwelfthweekspostoperatively.Impressioncytologyofconjunctivalfornicesandteartransforminggrowthfactorbeta-1(TGFβ1)levelsweredetermined.RESULTS:IntheAMTgroup,socketvolumeandlowerfornixdepthvaluesweresignificantlyhigher(P=0.030andP=0.004respectively)andinflammationlevelsandimpressioncytologystages(P=0.037andP=0.022respectively)weresignificantlylowerinpostoperativeperiodcomparedtopreoperativeperiod.IntheOMMTgroup,nostatisticaldifferenceswerefoundintermsofclinicalparameters,inflammationlevelsandimpressioncytologystagesofpreoperativeversuspostoperativevalues.PreoperativetearTGFβ1levelswerehigherinAMTandOMMTgroupscomparedtothecontrolgroup(25.5ng/mL,26.3ng/mLand21.7ng/mLrespectively).DecreasedtearTGFβ1levelswereobservedinboththeAMTandOMMTgroupspostoperatively(mediandecreasevalue=2.1ng/mLand2.7ng/mLrespectively).CONCLUSION:AMTisassociatedwithpostoperativeimprovementininferiorfornixdepth,socketvolume,inflammationandimpressioncytologylevelsandmaybeamoreproperalternativemethodthanOMMTinthemanagementofsocketcontracture.

  • 标签: socket reconstruction amniotic MEMBRANE ORAL MUCOSAL
  • 简介:AIMTo评估联合反脉管的endothelial生长的功效和安全因素(VEGF)代理人,口头的glucocorticoid,和为有斑点的浮肿的激光光致疑结治疗(我)对.METHODSThis学习包括了的网膜的静脉吸藏(RVO)第二等16个病人与的16只眼睛联系RVO我。病人们开始与口头的泼尼松和一个intravitrealanti-VEGF代理人被对待。二个星期以后,病人们经历了标准激光光致疑结。改正最好的视觉尖酸(BCVA),中央网膜的厚度(CRT),和网膜的容器氧化在收到的12mo.RESULTSPatients上被检验1.43

  • 标签: 反脉管的 endothelial 生长因素代理人 CORTICOSTEROIDS 有斑点的浮肿 光致疑结 网膜的静脉吸藏