简介:Superoxidedismutase(SOD)andascorbateperoxidase(APX)playcentralrolesinthepathwayforscavengingreactiveoxygenspeciesinplants,therebycontributingtothetoleranceagainstabioticstress.HerewereporttheresponsesofcytosolicSOD(cSOD;sodCc1andsodCc2)andcytosolicAPX(cAPX;OsAPX1andOsAPX2)genestooxidativeandabioticstressinrice.RNAblotanalysesrevealedthatmethylviologentreatmentcausedamoreprominentinductionofcAPXscomparedwithcSODs,andhydrogenperoxidet...
简介:Thewaxygene(Wx)inrice,whichencodesthegranuleboundstarchsynthaseenzyme,isresponsibleforamylosesynthesis.Glutinous(sticky)ricehaslittleornoamylosethatcanbeusedinvariousapplications,suchasbrewing.Inthisstudy,knockoutoftheWxgenewithCRISPR/Cas9technologywasconductedintwoelitejaponicaricelines,Huaidao5(HD5)andSuken118(SK118),aimingtodevelopelitestickyricevarieties.WeachievedsixhomozygousT0plantswithmorethan200bpdeletionintheWxgene,aswellas36wx-HD5and18wx-SK118homozygoustransgene-freeplantsintheT1generation.Theseedsofallthemutantswerewhiteandopaque,similartothoseofstickyrice,andcontainedonly2.6%–3.2%amylose.Resultsofscanningelectronmicroscopyshowedthatthequalityofricedidnotchange.Inconclusion,wesuccessfullydevelopedtwoelitestickyricevarieties.
简介:Theaccumulationofpigmentsaffectsthecolorofricehullswhileonlylimitedinformationisknownaboutitsunderlyingmechanisms.Inthepresentstudy,aricebrownhull6(bh6)mutantwasisolatedfromanethanemethylsulfonate(EMS)-inducedIR64mutantbank.Brownpigmentsstartedtoaccumulateinbh6ricehullsafterheadingandreachedahigherlevelinmatureseeds.Somemajoragronomictraitsincludingpaniclelengthand1000-grainweightinbh6weresignificantlylowerthanthoseinitscorrespondingwildtypeIR64,whileotheragronomictraitssuchasplantheight,growthdurationandseed-settingratewerelargelysimilarbetweenthetwogenotypes.Theanalysisofpigmentcontentshowedthatthecontentsoftotalflavonoidsandanthocyanininbh6hullsweresignificantlyhigherthanthoseinIR64hulls.Ourresultsshowedthatthebrownhullphenotypeinbh6wascontrolledbyasinglerecessivegenewhichlocatesonthelongarmofchromosome9.Sequencinganalysisdetectedasinglebasesubstitution(G/A)atposition1013ofthecandidategene(LOCOs09g12150)encodinganF-boxdomain-containingprotein(FBX310).Functionalcomplementationexperimentusingthewildtypeallelecanrescuethephenotypeinbh6.Thus,wenamedthismutatedgeneasOsFBX310bh6,analleleofOsFBX310functioningasaninhibitorofbrownhull.TheisolationofOsFBX310bh6anditswildtypeallelecanprovideusefulexperimentalmaterialsandwillfacilitatethestudiesonrevealingthemechanismsofflavonoidmetabolisminmonocotplants.
简介:生来的线人口从超级混合米饭Xieyou9308导出的recombinant(XieqingzaoB/Zhonghui9308)并且它的基因连接地图被用来在低、正常的氮(N)层次下面为米饭收益特点检测量的特点loci(QTL)。为在9个染色体上在27个区域散布的收益特点的52QTL的一个总数被检测,与解释phenotypic变化的4.93%26.73%的每QTL。十一QTL同时在二个层次下面被检测,并且30不同QTL在二个N层次下面被检测,从而建议在低、正常的N层次下面控制米饭生长的基因底是不同的。为圆锥花序的数字的QTL每植物,每圆锥花序小穗状花小穗数,在二个N层次下面每圆锥花序每圆锥花序,和谷物密度充满的谷物数在染色体3上在RM135RM168间隔被检测。QTL为在二个N层次下面每圆锥花序每充满的谷物的圆锥花序和数字小穗状花小穗数,以及每圆锥花序每植物和谷物密度圆锥花序数在低N水平下面,在染色体8上在RM5556RM310间隔被检测。上述描述的QTL为再循环的米饭N与以前报导的QTL分享了类似的区域。
简介:在考古学的发现的底上,米饭的最早的驯服在中间和更低的Changjiang河盆被证实了,当在这个区域野米饭人口与冻结冬季寒冷在气候下面在浅沼泽地被发现时。这些调查结果铅我们覆查关于米饭的驯服和区别的过去的想法。历史上,在1930年代二亚种,indica和装饰用的梨树,在在他们之间的F1混血儿根据绝育被建议。此后不久那,二种类型被很多个遗传上独立的特点的协会分类。特点的典型协会被被假定包括一套副本的混合绝育或繁殖障碍解释了后退的致命的基因并且是内部基因机制导致品种的区别。在1980年代,在Indica和装饰用的梨树类型之间的混合绝育被分析,并且当生气时,把肥沃的混血儿给Indica和装饰用的梨树类型的Indica,装饰用的梨树,和宽相容性的类型,被证明包含等位基因,S5i,S5j和S5n,分别地在染色体6上的一个地点。并且当没有配偶子流产发生在S5i/S5n和S5j/S5n遗传型时,让S5j等位基因被发现部分是的那些配偶子在S5i/S5j的混合遗传型流产了。从那以后,基因S5n在繁殖获得在亚种之间的肥沃、精力旺盛的混血儿的混合米饭被使用了,并且混合绝育的长争论的问题被解决了。另外,在如此的研究,特点的典型协会在每品种的组发现了被创始人效果更好解释。在另一方面,米饭的很多本国的栽培变种与分子的标记在1980年代并且以后与酶多型性被调查。作为结果,深刻基因差异在栽培米饭以及在野米饭被发现。这些调查结果似乎带我们到米饭的多重独立驯服的想法。然而在得出如此的一个结论前,至少二个因素,即,一些遗传型的long-distance-dissemination和由到原始栽培变种的本地野米饭的基因渗入的可能性需要被检验。考虑二个因素以及历史的事件,在Changjiang河盆接近野米饭的长期的装饰用的�
简介:TheplasmidofpCDMARUBA-Hyg,whichcontainedtwoinsect-resistancegenes,sbk(modifiedfromCry1A(c))andsck(modifiedfromCpTI),wastransformedintoanAgrobacteriumEHA105forinfectionofthecalliofasuperjaponicariceNanjing45.Primarily,usingpolymerasechainreaction(PCR)detectionwiththeprimersofsbkandsckgenes,42positivetransgenicplantsthatweremarker-freeandcontainedthetwotargetgeneswereselectedfrom97regeneratedplants.Resultsofsouthern-blottingindicatedthat23,11,5,2and1plantshadone,two,three,fourandfivecopiesofthetransformedgenes,respectively.AnalysisofreversetranscriptionPCR(RT-PCR)andBtgenetestingpapershowedthat28T3generationplantsderivedfromfourtransgenicplantshavingasinglecopywereinsect-resistant.Feedingexperimentwithricestemborerrevealedthattheinsectresistancewasgreatlyincreasedwiththelarvamortalityrangingfrom94%to100%.Inaddition,amongthetransgenicplants,threeT3transgenicplantspossessedsomedesirablecharacteristicsforbreedingandproduction,suchasplantheight,seed-settingrate,1000-grainweightandlarvamortality.ThemechanismofinsectresistanceofBtgeneanditsapplicationinricetransgenicresearchwerealsobrieflydiscussed.
简介:WhenbeingplantedinwideareasinsouthernChina(23°23'-33°23'N,98°35’-129°19'E,sealevelabove2.7-1285m),Liangyoupeijiu(LYPJ),atwo-linehybridricecombination,showedaseedsettingrateof75.2-77.2%,whichwaslowerby4.3-7.5percentpointthanthatofanindicahybridriceShanyou63(CK),withsimilarvaluesofgrainyieldandcoefficientsofvariationtoCK.Sowingduring5-25thofMayinNanjing(32°3'N.118°48'E),China,LYPJheadedbefore4thSeptember,andgaveaseedsettingrateof75-90%,andgrainyieldover1kg/m^2.Ifthesowingdatewasdelayedto14-15th,June,itsheadingdatewouldbeaslateas17th-21stSeptember,andseedsettingratewouldbedeclinedby10-15%incomparisonwiththatonasuitablesowingdate.Whenfloweringtookplaceatanaveragedailytemperaturerangeof13.7-28.5℃forfivedays,thespikeletfertility(SF)wouldbeincreasedby1.9-10.7%,foreachincrementof1℃.Thesuitable(SF≥90%)andsafe(SF≥75%)temperaturesforfloweringstagewereindicatedtobe26.5°and22.9°,respectively.TogetahighandstableseedsetincultivatingLYPJ,itwasrecommendedthatLYPJwouldbeplantedintheareassouthof34°N,andthefavorableaveragedailytemperatureduringfloweringstageshouldbeat26-28℃.
简介:为谷物矿物质元素的量的特点loci(QTL)的鉴定能通过帮助标记的繁殖在微量元素的更快、更精确的开发帮助稠密的米饭变化。在现在的学习,QTL在二BC2印射人口的F3源于O的十字。有O的二不同就职的sativacvSwarna。nivara。总共,10和8QTL为谷物Fe被识别,在人口1,和7和5QTL的Zn集中分别地在人口2被识别。在两张人口检测的百分之八十QTL从O被导出。nivara。为Fe的五QTL和为Zn的三QTL也在印射的间隔或合成间隔向超过15%phenotypic解释了变化。O的地点。nivara导出象qFe2.1,qFe3.1,qFe8.2和qZn12.1那样的QTL一致地在两个被识别人口。Epistatic相互作用在人口1在为Fe集中的染色体3上在染色体2上并且在RM22和RM7之间仅仅在RM106和RM6之间被观察。为金属动态平衡的十六候选人基因被发现在两个为Fe和Zn集中与10QTL驻扎在同一地点人口。大多数Fe和ZnQTL被发现为谷物产量和谷物质量特点与QTL驻扎在同一地点。一些识别的主要效果QTL能被用来改进米饭谷物Fe和Zn集中。
简介:105根转基因的米饭线的一个总数独立地与豌豆含铁听基因(Fer)转变了以前被获得。在selfing和贝它-glucuronidase(GUS)的七代帮助了选择以后,有稳定的农学的特点的82根转基因的线被得到。在82根转基因的线,二高铁的转基因的米饭线Fer34和Fer65之中,与在milled的铁内容,是4.82和3.46野生型Xiushui11的预定,分别地被识别。在二根转基因的线,每基因外长高度被表示,并且继承为一个单个地点。transgene没在米饭植物的农学的特点上有否定效果,另外的矿物质营养的部件,外观质量和milled的吃的质量,显示这二根线是精英高铁的繁殖线。而且,实际申请和引起线的二精英的进一步的研究便于利用被讨论。
简介:与较普通活字大一倍的杂交稻Yangliangyou6(YLY6)和Liangyoupeijiu(LYPJ),andthree线杂交稻Shanyou63(SY63)作为与谷物充满联合的材料,来源,水池和流动特征被调查。种子背景率,谷物充满度和YLY6和SY63的谷物产量比LYPJ的那些显著地高。在YLY6和SY63的灰煤杆和鞘的事的出口和转变百分比比LYPJ的那些显著地高。在谷物的蔗糖synthase,腺苷diphosphoglucosepyrophosphorylase,淀粉synthase和淀粉分叉酶的活动比为LYPJ为YLY6andSY63是更高的,并且很显著地与充满率,吝啬的谷物充满率,谷物充满度和粒重的最大的谷物被相关。每维管束的区域和YLY6和SY63的韧皮部的小穗状花小穗数字,谷物收益和全部的水池负担是比LYPJ的那些显著地小的,并且越大,越多并且越多降低种子背景率负担更差的谷物充满。交通率每YLY6的区域韧皮部比LYPJ或SY63的大。Theresults建议YLY6拥有强壮的来源,大水池活动和有效流动,它为它充满的高种子背景率和好谷物放了一个生理的底。
简介:Acold-tolerantcultivar,Xiangnuo1,andacold-sensitivecultivar,IR50,wereusedtostudytheinfluenceofchillingonphotosyntheticrateandchlorophyllfluorescenceparametersinriceseedlings.Thephotosyntheticratesdeclineddramaticallyduringchilling,anddecreasedby48.7%and67.5%inXiangnuo1andIR50seedlings,respectively,afterbeingsubjectedtochillingtreatmentfortwodays.ChlorophyllfluorescencemeasurementsshowedthatrelativelyhigherqPandqNPinXiangnuo1weremaintainedtodissipatetheredundantexcitationenergyandprotectthereactioncentersfromchillinjury;accordingly,redundantexcitationenergyaccumulatedlessinthereactioncenters,andantennasystemswerelessinjuredbychillinginXiangnuo1.Onthecontrary,inIR50,qPandqNPdeclinedrapidlywhileExincreased,asthechillingpersisted.ThisresultindicatedthatthereactioncentersandantennasystemsinIR50weredamagedseverelybychilling,whichledtothelowerphotosyntheticrate.