简介：Grainsizeandmineralcompositionofcoresedimentswereusedtoinvestigateinfluencesofvariousterrestrialandmarineconditions,whichhaveprevailedonthesouthwesternBlackSeashelfduringtheHolocene.Siliciclasticmudwithsmallamountsofsandandgravelfromnearbycoastalhinterlandistheprincipalsedimenttype,whereassedimentsdepositedneartheshelfedgeandthe(I)stanbulStraitandofftheDuruLake(apaleo-rivermouth)constituedlargequantitiesofsandandgravelofbothbiogenicandterrigenicorigin.Variableamountsofaragonite,1nm-micas,quartz,feldspars,calciteanddolomiteconstitutethedominantnon-claymineralsinbulksediments.Theclaymineralassemblageinthe＜2μmfractionismadeupofsmectite,illite,kaoliniteandchlorite.Aragoniteandcalcitearemainlyderivedfrombenthicaccumulations,whereasfeldspars(mainlyplagioclase)andsmectitereflectmagmaticvolcanicprovenanceandthedistributionof1nm-micasandchloritecorrelatewithnearbymetamorphicsourcesonland.Nevertheless,grainsizeandmineraldistributiongenerallyindicateacombinationofeffectsofwindandwaveclimate,longshoreandoffshorecycloniccurrents,changingsea-levelstandsandnearbysourcerockandmorphologicalconditions.ItisalsosuggestedthatatleastpartofclaymineralscouldbederivedfromthenorthwesterlyDanubeRiverinput.

简介：InordertostudytheclimatevariabilitiesofthesealevelaroundtheKoreanPeninsula,tidaldataobservedatlocalstationsinKoreawerecomparedagainstthoseobtainedusingTOPEX/POSEIDON(T/P)altimetricsealeveldata.Inthecourseofourstudy,theamountofsealevelrisewasestimatedusingthetidaldatafrom9stationsselectedbyananomalycoherencyanalysis.Theresultsindicatedthatthesealevelhasrisenby0.28cmyr-1aroundtheKoreanPeninsulaoverthepasttwodecades.Theextentofsuchariseisabouttwotimeshigherthanthatoftheglobalincrease(0.1-0.2cmyr-1).However,becausemostglobalwarmingeffectsoccurredmainlyovermid-andhigh-latitudes,thislevelofchangeappearstoberealistic.Accordingtothespectralanalysis(ataspectralwindowofk=2,kisthenumberofsubdivisions),thedecadalbandofsealevelvariabilityiscomputedat30%oftheenergy.Itsspectralpeakisfoundat12.8years.Intheinterannualband,thepredominantsealevelvariabilityisinthe1.4-1.9-yearband,withasharppeakat1.6years.Asecondarypeak,althoughmarginal,hasaperiodof2.2years.BasedonourestimatesofsealevelheightfromTopex/Poseidon,thequasi-biennialperiodicityof1.6yearsistherepresentativeinterannualsealevelvariabilityintheseasadjacenttoKorea.Trendsvarygreatlyaccordingtothegeographicallocation,fromamaximumof1.0cmyr-1(thesouthernsectoroftheEastSea)toaminimumof0.17cmyr-1(thenorthernsectoroftheEastSea).Thisisfairlyconsistentwiththequalitativedescriptionalreadygivenwithreferencetotheglobalmap.AsananaloguetothepatternseeninKorea,thatoftheYellowSearevealspracticallythesametrendasthatoftheadjacentseas(0.56cmyr-1).However,inthecaseofTOPEX/POSEIDON(T/P)data,thereisnoclearevidenceofalinkagebetweentheinterannualsealevelvariabilityaroundtheKoreanPeninsulaandENSO.

简介：ＥＮＥＲＧＥＴＩＣＤＩＡＧＮＯＳＩＳＦＯＲＴＷＯＫＩＮＤＳＯＦＬＯＷＬＥＶＥＬＪＥＴＳＷａｎｇＺｈｏｎｇｘｉｎｇ（汪钟兴）（矫梅燕）（１．ＤｅｐａｒｔｍｅｎｔｏｆＥａｒｔｈａｎｄＳｐａｃｅＳｃｉｅｎｃｅｓ，ＵｎｉｖｅｒｓｉｔｙｏｆＳｃｉｅｎｃｅａｎｄ...

简介：DragforcesactingonSchlegel'sblackrockfishSebastesschlegeliwerestudied.AnewdragforcetransducerwasdesignedandusedtomeasurethewaterdragonSchlegel'sblackrockfishinaverticalrecirculatingflumetank.Fourteenindividualswereinvestigated,yieldingtwomeandragcoefficientsreferredtothecross-sectionalareaandvolume2/3respectivelyatwatervelocitiesrangingfrom0.3to1.0ms-1.ThedragcoefficientscanbeusedforestimatingthedragforcesactingonSebastesschlegeliinwater.

简介：Thetypicalblackstormsorsand-duststormsinthenorthwesternChinaaregeneratedanddevelopedthroughaninteractionbetweenthespecificlargescalecirculationpatternandmesosealesystems.Thepassingby/overahugesand-abundantdesertofastrongcoldfrontwithintensivefrontalzoneatmidandlowerlevelsisanecessaryconditionfortheformationanddevelopmentofablackstormoraseveresand-duststorm.Inordertoinvestigatethemechanismofthesand-dustmobilization,transportandsedimentationduringtheblackorsand-duststorms,aparameterizationschemeofsand-dustsource-sinktermsandanequationoftransportforthesand-dustwereproposedandincorporatedintotheMM4mesoscalemodel.ThemodifiedMM4modelwasappliedtothe“May1993”blackstormcaseandsucceededinreproducingtheevolutionoftheweathersystemsassociatedwiththeblack-storm,thesand-dustconcentrationatsurfacelayeranditsverticaldistribution,andthesand-dustsedimentationandtransport.Ourresultsshowthatthenumericalsimulatingmethodbyusingamesoscalemodel,withinclusionofanequationofthesand-dusttransportandaparameterizationschemeofthesand-dustsource-sinkterms,isapromisingapproachtostudythemechanismforsand-dustmobilization,transportandsedimentationduringasand-duststormevent.

简介：Theprobailityofcranelivinginreedywetlandscanreach100%,atthesametime,theareaofreed,thewaterlevelandadjacentwaterareaaremainfactorswhichcontrolthecrane''''''''shabitatselection.Weallknowthatallthesefactorsarespatiallyheterogeneous.FortheXianghaiwetlandsafetyandtoprotecttheXianghaiwetlandhabitatofcrane,thispaperhasmainlyidentifiedasolutiontotheseproblems.ThewetlandinformationisextractedfromtheTMimages,whichreflectthewholewetlandlandscapeandareveryimportantforbothquantitativeanalysisofremotesensingobservationoftheearthsystemandpositioninganalysisinGISdatabasethatisautomaticallyextractedfromDEM.TheDEMforXianghaicharacteristicsoftopographyiscreated.OnthebasisoftheGRIDSUBMODULE,applyingtheGISspatialoverlayanalysis,therelationshipbetweenthewaterlevelandthereedareabelowthewaterlevelandtheratingdistributionmapsofreedareaabovewaterlevelisestablished,Whenthewaterlevelreachesthealtitudeof165n,thereedarea,981.2haismaximum,i.e.,thewaterlevelof165mistheoptimal.

简介：Basedontheassumptionofglobalsealevelrisingbetween30and100cminthefuture100yearsbyIPCC(1990)inadditiontotheeffectoflocalgroundsubsidence,thecoastlinewillretrogradefor50-70kmwhosealtitudeswillbe2.6-3.3maboveMSLofHuanghaiSeainthewesterncoastalareaoftheBohaibayin2100.Thetransgrassiveareaisabout10,000-11,500km.Iftheeffectofset-upofstormsurgeisconsidered,thetransgressiveareawillreach16,000km.Sealevelrisewhichisaseriouscoastaldisasternotonlyinundatesalotofcoastallowland,butalsoincreasesthefrequencyandintensityofstormtides,andresultsinthesalinizationofsoils.Inviesofthissituationwerecommendatrinitycomprehensivemeasureoftreatment,namely,"buildingseawalltopreventtides-divertingtheHunagheRivertosettleitssedimentloads-raisingtheconstructionalbase".

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简介：StandardmetabolicratesofSchlegelsblackrockfishwithdifferentbodyweightsaredeterminedinlaboratorybyusingtheflow-throughrespirometerat11.2℃,14.7℃,18.0℃and23.6℃.Theresultsindicatethatthestandardmetabolicratesincreasewiththeincreaseofbodyweightatdifferenttemperatures.RelationshipbetweenthemcouldbedescribedasRs=aInWb.Themeanofstandardmetabolicrateissignificantlydifferentamonggroups,butthebvaluesarenot.Thestandardmetabolicratesofamendedstandardbodyweightsdecreasewiththeincreaseoftemperature,andthemeanofstandardmetabolicrateisalsosignificantlydifferentamonggroupswhenthestandardbodyweightsare48.6g,147.9g,and243.1g.RelationshipbetweenthemcouldbedescribedasRsw=me-bT.Therelationsofstandardmetabolicrate(Rs)orrelativemetabolicrate(Rs)tobodyweightandtemperatureyieldthefollowingequations:Rs=1.160W0.752e-9.494/7andRs1=1.160W0.254e-9.494/7.

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简介：Thedynamicalframeworkofthenine-levelversionoftheIAPAGCMispresentedinthispaper.Theemphasisofthemodel’sdescriptionisputonthefollowingtwoaspects:(1)Amodel’sstandardatmosphere,whichisasatisfactoryapproximationtotheobservedtroposphereandlowerstratospherestandardatmosphere,isintroducedintotheequationsofthemodeltopermitamoreaccuratecalculationoftheverticaltransportterms,especiallynearthetropopause;(2)Theverticallevelsofthemodelarecarefullyselectedtoguaranteeasmoothdependenceoflayerthicknessuponpressureinordertoreducethetruncationerrorinvolvedintheunequalintervalverticalfinite-differencing.Fortestingthemodel,twokindsoflinearbaroclinicRossby-Haurwitzwaves,oneofwhichhasadynamicallystableverticalstructureandtheotherhasarelativelyunstableone,areconstructedtoprovideinitialconditionsfornumericalexperiments.Thetwowaveshavebeenintegratedformorethan300daysand100daysre

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简介：在一口深井的水水平立即对地球的潮和气压作出回应，并且因此，不是仅仅以振幅而且在阶段变化落后。因此，分阶段执行落后修正在在作者在修正方法在为短期的地震先锋的异常变化的鉴定是有效的这纸表演介绍的东方China.Calculation结果分析数字地下水观察数据被使用。修正方法能也被用于处理观察变丑并且倾斜数据。

简介：Amodelofdoublemediumaquiferisbrieflyintroducedinthispaper,apartialdifferentialequationaboutseepagemotionderivedbythetidalstressinthemodellayerisdeduced.ComparedthisequationwithBoultonequationusedintheunconfinedaquifer,anewlaggingsupplywatertermisobtained,whichestablishthephysicalbasisforinterpretingthephasedelayphenomenaofwellwaterlevelcausedbythesolidtide.Byanalyzingthepartialdif-ferentialequation,itisfoundthatthislaggingsupplytermisrelatedwiththefluctuationoftideoccurredinthedeepaquifer.

简介：ＭｏｎｔｈｌｙＭｅａｎＴｅｍｐｅｒａｔｕｒｅＰｒｅｄｉｃｔｉｏｎＢａｓｅｄｏｎａ　Ｍｕｌｔｉ－ｌｅｖｅｌＭａｐｐｉｎｇＭｏｄｅｌｏｆＮｅｕｒａｌＮｅｔｗｏｒｋＢＰＴｙｐｅＹａｎＳｈａｏｊｉｎ；（严绍瑾），ＰｅｎｇＹｏｎｇｑｉｎｇ；（彭永清）ａｎｄＧｕ...

简介：The3-hour-intervalpredictionofground-leveltemperaturefrom+00houtto+45hinSouthKorea(38stations)isperformedusingtheDLM(dynamiclinearmodel)inordertoeliminatethesystematicerrorofnumericalmodelforecasts.NumericalmodelforecastsandobservationsareusedasinputvaluesoftheDLM.AccordingtothecomparisonoftheDLMforecaststotheKFM(Kalmanfiltermodel)forecastswithRMSEandbias,theDLMisusefultoimprovetheaccuracyofprediction.