简介:SinceChinabegantopursuethepoliciesofreformandopening,itsironandsteelindustryhasbeenfollowingthestrategicprincipleofmakinguseof"tworesources,twomarketsandtwokindsoffunds,"andhasmadeeyecatchingprogressinexpandingopeningtotheoutsideworldandinternationalcooperation.In1993,theindustryutilizedsomeUS$900millioninforeigncapital,
简介:Sanitaryandphytosanitary(SPS)measureshavebecomeamajorobstacleforChina’sagriproductsexportsafterChina’saccessiontoWTOin2001.Thispaper’smaincontributionistouseuniquefirm-leveldatabasedonrandomsamplingfromChina’smainexportingareastoexplorethereasonswhyChineseenterprisesarehinderedbySPSmeasuresfromaquantitativeapproach.EmpiricalresultsshowthatthegapofSPSstandardsbetweenChinaandimportingcountriesisakeyelement;thebiggapincreasegreatlythecostofcomplianceofChina’sexportfirmsanddrivesomeofthemoutofimportingmarkets.PoorqualityandsafetyofChina’sagriculturalproductsexplainsomefirms’failureinimportingmarkets,andtoimprovethesafetyandqualitywillpromotethemarketentrance.EarlyinformationandpreparationforforeignSPSmeasuresarealsocrucialdeterminantstoavoidthenegativeinfluenceofSPS.However,firmscaleandmembershipinindustryassociationshavenosignificanteffectsonwhetherthecompaniesareaffectedbyforeignSPSmeasuresornot.
简介:实行最严格的土地管理制度,是由我国人多地少的国情决定的,也是贯彻落实科学发展观,保证经济社会可持续发展的必然要求。去年以来,各地区、各部门认真贯彻党中央、国务院部署,全面清理各类开发区,切实落实暂停审批农用地转用的决定,土地市场治理整顿取得了积极进展,