简介：Thispaperaimsatestablishingtheoperationideabasedontheanalysisoftheconnotation,principlesandreferenceindexesforprogrammingstandardforecologicalrescue.Thepaperputsforwardthattheprogrammingstandardshouldtakeintoaccountthenatural,socialandeconomicreferenceindexes,andmodifiesthescaleanddistributionoftheecologicalrescueaccordingtotheorderofecologicalsafety,socialsafetyandeconomicdevelopment.Thepapersuggeststhatthelandplanningdepartmentshouldstrengthenthestudyanddatumaccumulationinordertoestablishthetechnologyregulationsofprogrammingstandardoftheecologicalrescue.

简介：Basedonthedataofurbanlanduseobtainedbyremotesensinginterpretationfromaeroimagesin1986and2004,thespatialstructureofJinanisstudiedinthispaperwiththemethodofGeographicInformationSystem(GIS).Accordingtotheproportionoflandforresidence,industryandcommerce,theurbandistrictcanbedistinguishedintothreerings.ComparedwiththetraditionaltheoryoftheringstructureinWesterncoun-tries,theyhavemanydistinctivecharacteristics.Themainfunc-tionsoftheinnerringincluderesidence,businessandbanking,buttheproportionofresidentialland(morethan50%)isconsiderablyhigherthanthatofthecitiesinWesterncountries.Thelandproportionforresidenceandindustryintheintermediateringisequalonthewhole.Themainlandoftheoutsideringisforindustrialuse.From1986to2004,greatchangeshavetakenplaceonthelandproportionofdifferenttypesofuse.Intheinnerring,thelandforresidentialandindustrialusehasshrunkmuchwhilethelandforcommercialusehasincreased.Intheintermediatering,thechangesofthethreetypesoflandusewerenotverymuchandthetemporalvariationwasrelativelystable.Onthecontrary,thestructureintheoutsideringvariesacutely.Thoughmostofitisalsoforindustrialuse,theproportionofresidentiallandhasin-creasedmuch.Thethreeringscanalsobedividedintoseveralsectorsrespectively,accordingtothefunctionoflanduseclusters.Newtrendsandmechanismsofthechangesoflanduseimpactingtheurbanstructurewereproposedintheendofthepaper.

简介：InChina,farmlandpropertyrightscharacterizedbythehousehold-responsibilitysystem(HRS)havebeenimprovedsincethereformandopening-up.Therightsofuse,transferandgainbecomemorestable,authorizedandcomplete.Thispaperfirstlyanalyzestheimpactonfarmlandproductivity,whichcomesfromtheimprovementoffarmlandpropertyrights.Then,aneconomet-ricmodelisbuilttotesttheaboveanalysis.ItconcludesthatchangesofpropertyrightswillaffectfarmlandperformanceinChina.Intheend,somepolicyimplicationsareexploredforfur-therreforms.

简介：ThispaperaimstoidentifythemaindrivingforceforchangesoftotalprimaryenergyconsumptioninBeijingduringtheperiodof1981-2005.Sectoralenergyusewasinvestigatedwhenregionaleconomicstructurechangedsignificantly.ThechangesoftotalprimaryenergyconsumptioninBeijingaredecomposedintoproductioneffects,structuraleffectsandintensityeffectsusingtheadditiveversionofthelogarithmicmeanDivisiaindex(LMDI)method.Aggregatedecompositionanalysisshowedthatthemajorcontributoroftotaleffectwasmadebytheproductioneffectfol-lowedbytheintensityeffect,andthestructuraleffectwasrela-tivelyinsignificant.Thetotalandproductioneffectswereallposi-tive.Incontrast,thestructuraleffectandintensityeffectwereallnegative.Sectoraldecompositioninvestigationindicatedthatthemosteffectivewaytoslowdownthegrowthrateoftotalprimaryenergyconsumption(TPEC)wastoreducetheproductionoftheenergy-intensiveindustrialsectorsandimprovingindustrialen-ergyintensity.Theresultsshowthatinthisperiod,Beijing'seconomyhasundergoneatransformationfromanindustrialtoaserviceeconomy.However,thestructuresofsectoralenergyusehavenotbeenchangedyet,andenergydemandshouldbein-creasinguntiltheenergy-intensiveindustrialproductiontobereducedandenergyintensityoftheregionreachesapeak.Assequenceenergyconsumptiondataofsub-sectorsarenotavailable,onlythefundamentalthreesectorsareconsidered:agriculture,industryandservice.However,furtherdecompositionintosecon-daryandtertiarysectorsisdefinitelyneededfordetailedinvesti-gations.

简介：RapidurbanizationinBeijingstimulatestheurbanlandexpansionanddiminishesavailableagriculturalland.Monofunctionalagriculturallandusecannotmeetthedemandofthedevel-opmentofthemultifunctionalagricultureandurbanizationanymore,somultifunctionalagriculturallanduseisgoingtobepromotedinthecity.Thisarticleproposestheevolvementofthelandusechangefrom1992to2004anddiscussessomeevolvementviews.

简介：Urbanizationisoneofthedrivingforcesforthelandusechangeintypeandstructure,anditsprominenteffectistoconvertrurallandtourbanland.ThispapertakesShan-dongProvinceasanexampletoanalyzethecurrentsituationofthemutualconversionbetweentheurbanandruralareasfromtheaspectsofthestructureoflanduse,thedecreasingtendencyofthecultivatedland,thechangesoflanduseinurbanandruralresidentialareas.Itpointsoutthatcultivatedlandisconvertedtoresidentialarealand,industrialand/orminingarealand.Therelationshipbetweentheurbanarealandandthecultivatedlandismoredirect;meanwhile,thechangesofruralresidentialarealagbehindobviously.Thedecreaseofthecultivatedlandandthedeclineofsoilqualitywillbethetwodifficultproblemsintheprocessofurbanization.

简介：ResidentialwateruseisgraduallybecomingthefocusinChina'smunicipalwatersupplyplanningandmanagementinrecentyears.Littleisknown,however,abouttheresidentialwateruseinmodemChinaduetothetransitionofeconomyandenhancementofmanagementonwaterconservation.InordertobetterunderstandthecharacteristicsofresidentialwateruseinNorthChina,amodelforidentifyingthedeterminantsofresidentialwaterusewasestablishedandanalyzedbyusingpaneldataandcross-sectiondatamethodologies.ThenTaiyuancity,thecapitalcityofShanxiProvinceinNorthernChinawasselectedasacasestudy.Boththeanalysesandfieldinvestigationindicatethattherelativelyslowincreaseofresidentialwateruseinrecentyearsmayresultfromtheimplementationofstrictlawsandregulationsonwaterconservation.Andthroughtheinvestigation,first-handinformationaboutwaterconsumptionpattern,waterreuse/conservation,people'sattitudetowardwaterquantityandquality,etc.havebeenobtained.

简介：Land-usechangeisanimportantaspectofglobalenvironmentchange.Itis,inasense,thedirectresultofhumanactivitiesinfluencingourphysicalenvironment.Thispaperanalyzedtheland-usechangeinNortheastChinaduring1985-2000basedonLandsatTMimages.ItdividesNortheastChinaintofiveland-usezonesbasedonthedynamicdegreemodelofland-use:woodland/grassland-arablelandconversionzone,dryland-paddyfieldconversionzone;urbanexpansionzone,interlockedzoneoffarmingandpasturingandreclamationandabandonzone.Thefindingsincludetheobviousincreaseofcroplandarea,paddyfieldanddrylandincreasedby75and276thousandhm2respectively;urbanareasexpandedrapidly,areasoftownandruralresidenceincreasedby76.8thousandhm2;areasofforestsandgrasslanddecreasedsharplywiththeamountsof1399and1521thousandhm2respectively;areasofwaterbodyandunusedlandincreasedby148and514thousandhm2respectively.Thispaperalsodiscussesthedriving