简介:为保证和改善农产品质量安全及品质、加快转变农业发展方式,农业部设计了“农药减施增效”计划,力争到2025年,在保证主要农作物稳产的基础上,化学农药减施30%。为了解陕西苹果园农药使用情况和存在问题,我们通过问卷调查、实地走访、当面询问、电话回访等,在陕西省苹果优生区延安市洛川县、宝鸡市凤翔县和扶风县、咸阳市乾县和礼泉县3个市5个县区8个乡镇果园,选择具有代表性的样本(大的种植户,管理水平高的种植户,一般种植户),共计125户746.8亩果园进行了调查,并在各县农药售卖点查阅了各农户购买农药品种及剂量情况。现将调查情况总结如下。
简介:2011年以来海安县畜牧兽医站推广鸡新城疫低毒力活疫苗(ZM10株),开展免疫效果比较试验等研究工作,制定出综合免疫程序、疫苗免疫操作规范、消毒技术、饲养管理技术等鸡新城疫综合防控技术,并在全县范围进行大面积推广应用,新城疫的动态免疫密度一直保持在100%,六年来全县鸡新城痍发病率、死亡率显著下降,获得较高的经济社会效益。
简介:Background:Forestmanagementstrategiessuchasthinninghavelongbeenusedtoenhanceecosystemfunctions,especiallyinplantations.Thinninginplantationswithhighdeerdensity,however,maynotyieldadesiredincreaseinunderstoryvegetationbecausedeergrazeongerminatingplantsafterthinning.Here,weexaminethechangesinunderstoryvegetationafterthinninginplantationsthathavebeenovergrazedbysikadeertoprovideinsightintotheeffectsofthinningonecosystemfunctionssuchassoilconservationandbiologicaldiversity.Methods:WeconductedoursurveyintheTanzawaMountainsofeasternJapan.Wesurveyedthechangeinunderstoryvegetationwithinandoutsideofthreedeerexclosuresonasingleslopewiththreelevelsofunderstoryvegetationcover:sparse(1%,exclosure'US'),moderate(30%,exclosure'MM'),anddense(80%,exclosure'LD')over10yearsaftera30%thinningofanold-growthcedarandcypressplantationwhichwasovergrazedbysikadeer.Results:Understoryvegetationcover,biomassandspeciesrichnessincreasedwithinandoutsidethe'US'and'MM'exclosuresafterthinning,andbiomasswasgreaterwithinthanoutsidetheexclosuresat10yearsafterthinning.Unpalatablespeciesdominatedboth'US'and'MM'exclosuresbeforethinning,andtreesandshrubsdominatedwithintheexclosuresovertimeafterthinning.Incontrast,unpalatable,grazing-tolerant,perennial,andannualspeciesincreasedoutsidethe'US'and'MM'exclosures.Nonoticeablechangeswereobservedwithinandoutsidethe'LD'exclosurewhencomparedwiththe'US'and'MM'exclosures.Conclusions:Ourresultssuggestthatthinningastandby30%basedonvolumeresultedinanincreaseinunderstoryvegetationcovermainlycomposedofbothunpalatableandgrazing-tolerantspeciesinaplantationforestwhereunderstoryvegetationissparseormoderateandsikadeerdensityishigh.Weemphasizethatestablishingdeerexclosuresorcontrollingdeerisessentialtomaintainingsimilarunderstoryvegetationbothwit