简介：4学术论文的类型、组成部分及其基本要求4.1学术论文的类型按写作方法和注意事项不同,将本标准覆盖的学术论文划分为三大类：——试验研究类论文（见3.2）;——应用技术类论文（见3.3）;——综述类论文（见3.4）。应用技术类论文又细分为两类：——系统开发类论文（见3.3.1）;——技术改进类论文（见3.3.2）。4.2学术论文的组成部分学术论文的组成部分有：——题名;——作者署名;——摘要；——关键词；——中图分类号；——引言；——正文；——结论或结语（可选）；——致谢（可选）；——参考文献（可选）；——注释。

简介：地形图是分图幅进行管理的,林业生产常用地形图采用经纬网梯形分幅法,不同比例尺的地形图通过不同经度差、纬度差进行分幅,不同比例尺地形图在分幅时存在相关关系,图幅号之间也存在关联,可以通过数学公式进行换算。分幅方法是建立在经纬度基础上,经纬度与图幅号之间可以换算。存在新旧两套地形图编号体系,分幅方法基本相同,但编号差异较大,新旧分幅号相互之间可以换算。通过对地形图分幅及编号的介绍,归纳总结相互之间关系,采用数学公式进行描述,具有较强的可操作性。

简介：以杭州曲院风荷景点为研究对象,以历史文献为线索,结合山水画、版画、照片、测绘图等图像资料,梳理其景观格局变迁历程,分析演变中景物间的联系,并对各时期园林发展情况进行总结。将其发展历程划分为南宋麯院时期、元代至明代衰落时期、清代更址重建时期及中华人民共和国成立至今的公园化时期。认为清康熙年间曲院的迁址与更名是景点发展的重要转折点,这一举动既使古老的景名得以延续,又使景点有了新的内涵和发展空间。园林建筑与环境的营造围绕＂曲＂这一主题展开,代表人工的＂曲院＂与代表自然的＂风荷＂体现了该景点人工建筑与自然景物并重的审美主旨。通过分析整理历史图像资料对于今人了解古代园林变迁有重要帮助。

简介：ThefuelbreakswereestablishedinsouthChinafrom1950s.Withtheactiveworkoflocalcommunitiesandstategovernment,thefuelbreakshavebeenbuiltfor398,000kilometers.Insomeareas,fuelbreaksandfirebreakshaveconstructedanetworkprimarily,suchasintheprovincesofFujian,Guangdong,Guangxi.Thefuelbreakscanpreventforestfireeffectively.Thathasbeenapprovedbyactualexamplesandburningtests.Thefuelbreaksalsobenefittheforestecosystemandenvironment.Thispapermakes...

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简介：统计生态学与分析技术和方法的前进很快发展。这份报纸在后面的方面在中国关于统计生态学做了评论：数据收集，空间并且时间模式分析，种类丰富和种类区域关系，人口动态，种类亲密关系，社区类似和社区簇分析，和社区分类。

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简介：Nativetreesplayimportantrolesinurbanforestry,suchasadeepculturalbackground,astrongecologicaladaptability,ahighperformance-costratioandaconvenientmanagement.Butnowtherearesomedifficultiesinnativetrees'utilizationandpopularizationduetofewstudyonlandscapeplant.Inordertoseekanabnormalandartificiallandscapingandtoproduceaneffectiveresultassoonaspossible,nativeandforeignplantscanbeproperlyusedasanavailableresourcebyimprovingtheirtechnologicallevelandemphasizingnaturalbalance.ThenChineseclassiccultureandgreeneconomicscanbecombinedwithbeautifulforestrybyimplementingurbansustainabledevelopment.

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简介：Organicbiocidesastimberpreservativeshavearousedmoreandmoreattention,becausemetalsaltsespeciallyarsenic,chromeandsoon,havebeensuspectedtobepoisonoustothesoilandaquaticanimals,aswellasthedisposalofpreservedtimberwastes.Therefore,anumberofeffectiveorganicbiocideshavebeenselectedtopreventwoodorbamboofromdecay,mildew,stainandsoon.Mostoftheseproductshaveenteredintothemarket.Withpeople’sincreasingawarenessoftheenvironmentalprotection,organicbiocideswilleventuallyplayimportantrolesintimberpreservationinthefuture.Thispapersummarizedthestudiesonapplicationoforganicbiocidesaswoodorbamboopreservatives,includingresistantmechanisms,commonlyappliedtypesandeffectsagainstwoodorbamboofungi,approachestodetectingtheamountoforganicbiocidesintimberandtheirinfluencesontheenvironment.Basedonthediscussionabove,theauthorspredictedthedevelopingprospectoforganicbiocidesintimberpreservation.

简介：近日，“中兰2号”紫花苜蓿通过了甘肃省第一届草品种审定委员会审定。该品种由中国农业科学院兰州畜牧与兽药研究所联合甘肃农业大学共同培育而成。

简介：ＴｈｅＡｐｐｌｉｃａｔｉｏｎｏｆａＰａｒｔｉｃｉｐａｔｏｒｙＡｐｐｒｏａｃｈｉｎｔｈｅＩｍｐｒｏｖｅｍｅｎｔｏｆＳａｎｄｙＰａｓｔｕｒｅＬａｎｄＢｙＬｏｎｇＺｈｉｐｕＹａｎｃｈｉＣｏｕｎｔｙｉｓｌｏｃａｔｅｄｏｎｔｈｅｓｏｕｔｈｗｅｓｔｅｒｎｂｏｒｄ...

简介：Eucalyptusisanimportanttreespeciesontheglobalscale,andalsoitisthemodeltreeinforestgeneticresearch.Therefore,theresearchandapplicationofmolecularmarkingtechnologyinhereditybreedingofEucalyptushaveimportanttheoreticalsignificanceandpracticalvalue.ThispaperdescribedseveralmajormolecularmarkertechnologiesandtheirapplicationtohereditybreedingofEucalyptus,andprospectedthefutureapplicationandstudyofthesetechnologies.

简介：Alloftheplantscanbecombusted.Themechanismofforestbeltsresistanceisthatthetreespeciesweren'tliabletobeburnedcomparedwithotherplantspecies.Inthispapernewconceptsonfireresistanttreesandfuel-breakstreeswerepresented.Thefireresistancemechanismincludes3aspects,fire-resistanttreespecies,rationalconstructionforestbeltsandenvironment.Treecrownscanresistfireforwarding.Forestbeltscanformtheenvironment,whichisnoteasytofire,andalsomakefuelsdistributeddiscontinuous.Thenetworkofforestbeltshaslargeareaofconiferforestsegregated.Theidealf'ireresistanttreespecieshadbettertoembracesomecharacteristics,suchashighf'ireresistance,rationalplantingandbiologicalcharacteristics.

简介：Ectomycorrhizae(ECM)isbecomingtheresearchhotspotbecauseitcanimproveplantnutrientcyclingandstorageandstrengthenplantresistancetoadversityanddisease.ItiswellknownthatECMcanenhanceplantresistancetosoil-borneandstemdiseases.Themechanismsmainlyinclude:planttenderrootswillbeprotectedwellbysheath;ECMcanfacilitateuptakeandtransportcapacityofnutritionandwatertorootsandincreaseplantsvigor;ECMcancontrolorblockpathogenstoinvadetrees;ECMcanactivateresistance-relatedenzymesofthehosts;italsocanformrhizospheremicrobialcolonyandestablishroot-rhizospheremicro-ecologicalenvironment.Somycorrhizaltechnologyhasbecomeoneofthemostimportantmethodsofecologicalcontrolandbiologicalcontrolofplantdiseases.ThispapersummarizestheapplicationanddevelopmentofECMinforestdiseasecontrolandalsoraisessomeideasontheirtheoryandapplicationresearchesinthefuture.

简介：Toimprovetheaccuracyandeffectivenessofforestpestsforecasting,basedoncurrentforecastmodel,integratingthedatabaseandWebGIStechnology,apracticaldesignandconstructionapproachofforestpestknowledgebasewasputforward,andtheforecastsystemonWebapplicationframeworkwasrealizedwithsatisfactoryempiricalresults.

简介：Elovich,parabolicdiffusion,powerfunctionandexponentialequationswereusedtodescribeKdesorptionkineticsof12soilsinaconstantelectricfieldofelectro-ultrafiltration(EUF),ResultsshowedthattheElovich,parabolicdiffusionandpowerfunctionequationscoulddescribeKdesorptionkineticswellowingtotheirhighcorrelationcoefficientsandlowstandarderrors;buttheexponentialequationwasnotsuitabletobeusedinthisstudyduetoitsrelativelylowcorrelationcoefficientsandrelativelyhighstandarderrors.Thisworkestablishedsuccessfullytherelationshipsbetweentheconstants(slopeorintercept)ofkineticequationsandthebarleyresponsestoKfertilizerinthemultiple-sitefieldexperimentsandK-supplyingstatusofsoilsk,theconstantsofElovich,parabolicdiffusionandpowerfunctionequationswereverysignificantlyorsignificantlycorrelatedtothesoilavailableK,relativeyieldofbarleyandKuptakeofbarleyinNPplot.ItwassuggestedthatthekineticequationconstantscouldbeusedtoestimateK-supplyingpowerofsoils.

简介：异形．英文名称为Pleco，通称是指分类上属于鲶形目（Siluriformes),鲶形亚目（Siluroide),吸甲鲶科(Loncariidae)的鱼而言；在分类上，他们也是不容易鉴定的鱼类之一，除了幼鱼的成长会随着时间的不同而不同，就算是同一种的民鱼，雌雄间的形体．体色花纹．也是差距甚远。