简介：Galα(1,3)Gal(galepitope)isacarbohydrateepitopeandsynthesizedinlargeamountbyα(1,3)galactosyltransferase[α(1,3)GT]enzymeonthecellsoflowermammaliananimalssuchaspigsandmice.Humanhasnogalepitopeduetotheinactivationofα(1,3)GTgenebutproducesalargeamountofantibodies(anti-Gal)whichrecognizeGalα(1,3)Galstructuresspecifically.Inthisstudy,areplicationdeficientrecombinantadenoviralvectorAd5sGTcontainingpigα(1,3)GTcDNAwasconstructedandcharacterized.Adenoviralvector-mediatedtransferofpigα(1,3)GTgeneintohumantumorcellssuchasmalignantmelanomaA375,stomachcancerSGC-7901,andlungcancerSPC-A-1wasreportedforthefirsttime.ResultsshowedthatGalepitopedidnotincreasethesensitivityofhumantumorcellstohumancomplement-mediatedlysis,althoughhumancomplementactivationandthebindingofhumanIgGandIgMnaturalantibodiestohumantumorcellswereenhancedsignificantlyafterAd5sGTtransduction.AppearanceofgalepitopeonthehumantumorcellschangedtheexpressionofcellsurfacecarbohydratesreactingwithUlexeuropaeusI(UEAI)lectins,Viciavillosaagglutinin(VVA),Arachishypogaeaagglutinin(PNA),andGlycinemaxagglutinin(SBA)todifferentdegrees.Inaddition,noeffectofgalepitopeonthegrowthinvitroofhumantumorcellswasobservedinMTTassay.

简介：hPFTAIRE1(PFTK1)，Cdc2相关的蛋白质kinase，高度在人的大脑被表示。它在Hela房间展出细胞质的分发，尽管它在它的N终点包含二个原子本地化信号(NLS)。到为它的底层和规章的部件的搜索，我们由把全身的hPFTAIRE1用作一个诱饵屏蔽了一个二混血儿的图书馆。四14-3-3isoforms(贝它，epsilon，希腊语字母的第七字，字形物)被识别与hPFTAIRE1交往。我们在hPFTAIRE1发现了一个通常认为的14-3-3绑定一致主题(RHSSPSS)，它与它的第二NLS重叠了。RHSSPSS主题的删除或有在保存有约束力的主题的翼的Ser119的替换废除了在hPFTAIRE1和14-3-3蛋白质之间的特定的相互作用。变异的S120AhPFTAIRE1也显示出一个弱相互作用到14-3-3蛋白质。结果建议Ser119为在hPFTAIRE1和14-3-3蛋白质之间的相互作用是关键的。当熔化了到绿荧光灯的蛋白质(GFP)的C终点时，所有hPFTAIRE1异种在Hela房间和人的neuroblastoma房间(SH-SY5Y)的细胞质散布了，显示有14-3-3蛋白质的那绑定不贡献潜水艇hPFTAIRE1的细胞的本地化，尽管绑定可以涉及它的发信号的规定。

简介：Glucosetransporter4(GLUT4)isresponsibleforinsulin-stimulatedglucosetransportingintotheinsulin-sensitivefatandmusclecells.ThedynamicsofGLUT4storagevesicles(GSVs)remainstobeexploredanditisunclearhowGSVsarearrangedbasedontheirmobility.Weexaminedthisissuein3T3-L1cellsviainvestigatingthethree-dimensionalmobilityofsingleGSVlabeledwithEGFP-fusedGLUT4.Athinlayerofcytosolrightadjacenttotheplasmamembranewasilluminatedandsuccessivelyimagedat5Hzunderatotalinternalreflectionfluorescencemicroscopewithapenetrationdepthof136nm.Employingsingleparticletracking,thethree-dimensionalsubpixeldisplacementofsingleGSVwastrackedataspatialprecisionof22nm.Boththemeansquaredisplacementandthediffusioncoefficientwerecalculatedforeachvesicle.Trackingresultsrevealedthatvesiclesmovedasifrestrictedwithinacagethathasameanradiusof160nm,suggestingthepresenceofsomeintracellulartetheringmatrix.ByconstructingthehistogramofthediffusioncoefficientsofGSVs,weobservedasmoothdistributioninsteadoftheexistenceofdistinctgroups.TheresultindicatesthatGSVsaredynamicallyretainedinacontinuousandwiderangeofmobilityratherthanintoseparateclasses.

简介：在已明确我国存在甲霜灵抗性菌株的基础上，通过单游动孢子分离技术获得马铃薯晚疫病菌DZO1和HZO1无性后代菌系。研究了无性单游动孢子后代菌系的生物学特性及甲霜灵抗性，主要结果如下：对无性后代菌系的菌落形态、生长量和产孢能力进行测定，发现被测的DZO1和HZO1无性后代菌系大部分菌株的生物学性状与亲本菌株相比没有发生明显的变异，个别菌株的生物学性状与亲本菌株有显著差异。说明晚疫病菌的无性繁殖未引起较大的变异；对后代菌系的甲霜灵抗性水平进行测定，结果表明DZO1和HZO1无性后代菌系的甲霜灵抗性水平与其对应的亲本菌株基本相同。

简介：目的建立具有潮霉素(hygromycin)抗性的3T3细胞系,用于转染目的基因(pTRE-Ins-human)的ES阳性细胞克隆筛选的饲养层.方法通过脂质体转染的方法,将含有潮霉素B磷酸转移酶基因的质粒pHyg导入3T3细胞中,利用潮霉素的药物选择特性,对转染细胞进行压力筛选,并对其进行PCR鉴定.结果经500μg/ml的潮霉素压力筛选后,获得了抗性细胞克隆.抗性3T3细胞的形态和生长速度与正常3T3细胞没有差异,特异性核苷酸引物检测抗性细胞基因组DNA,可以扩增出对应的核苷酸片段.结论成功地培育了潮霉素抗性的3T3细胞,为进行目的基因(pTRE-Ins-human)转染ES细胞的阳性细胞克隆筛选奠定了基础.

简介：[目的]建立具有潮霉素B(hygromycinB)抗性的3T3细胞系,用于转染目的基因(pTRE2-human-Ins)的ES阳性细胞克隆筛选的饲养层。[方法]通过脂质体转染的方法,将含有潮霉素B磷酸转移酶基因(hyg)的质粒pHyg导入NIH3T3细胞中,利用潮霉素B的药物选择特性,对转染细胞进行压力筛选,并对其进行PCR和southernblot鉴定。[结果]经300ug/ml的潮霉素B压力筛选后,获得了抗性细胞克隆。抗性NIH3T3细胞的形态和生长速度与正常NIH3T3细胞没有差异,特异性核苷酸引物检测抗性细胞基因组DNA,可以扩增出相应的核苷酸片段,Southernblot鉴定结果表明潮霉素基因片段已整合入潮霉素抗性NIH3T3细胞。[结论]本实验通过脂质体介导的方法成功地培育了潮霉素B抗性的NIH3T3细胞,为进行目的基因(pTRE2-human-Ins)转染ES细胞的阳性细胞克隆筛选打下了基础。

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简介：<正>Asoneofthemostcharacterizedcytokines,interleukin3(IL-3)iswellknownforitssurvivaleffectonbothprogenitorsandmaturebloodcells.Althoughwiththeextensivestudies,thesignalingpathwaysandunderlyingmechanismleadingtosurvivalresponsesofIL-3stillarenotcompletelyunderstood.Recently,anapoptoticgeneticpathwayofC.eleganswassuggestedtobeevolutionallyconservedinthatcontrolsthecytokine-dependentanti-apoptoticresponsesinmammalianhematopoieticcelllineages.Amongthispathway,Ces-2isknowntobethefirstdeathspecificationgeneintheC.eleganspathwayandencodesabZIPfamilytranscriptionalfactorthatsharesthesameDNArecognitionsequencewithanoncoprotein,

简介：CT120,anovelmembrane-associatedgeneimplicatedinlungcarcinogenesis,waspreviouslyidentifiedfromchromosome17pl3.3locus,ahotmutationspotinvolvedinhumanmalignancies.Inthepresentstudy,wefurtherdeterminedthatCT120ectopicexpressioncouldpromotecellproliferationactivityofNIH3T3cellsusingMTSassay,andmonitoredthedownstreameffectsofCT120inNIH3T3cellswithAtlasmousecDNAexpressionarrays.Among588knowngenes,133geneswerefoundtobeupregulatedordownregulatedbyCT120.Twomajorsignalingpathwaysinvolvedincellproliferation,cellsurvivalandanti-apoptosiswereoverexpressedandactivatedinresponsetoCT120:OneistheRaf/MEK/ErksignalcascadesandtheotheristhePI3K/Aktsignalcascades,suggestingthatCT120mightcontribute,atleastinpart,totheconstitutivelyactivationofErkandAktinhumanlungcanercells.Inaddition,sometumormetastasisassociatedgenescathepsinB,cathepsinD,cathepsinL,MMP-2/TIMP-2werealsoupregulatedbyCT120,uponwhichCT120mightbeinvolvedintumorinvasivenessandmetastasis.Inaddition,CT120mightplayanimportantroleintumorprogressionthroughmodulatingtheexpressionofsomecandidate“LungTumorProgression”genesincludingB-Raf,Rab-2,BAX,BAG-1,YB-1,andCdc42.

简介：Changesinthedistributionof1P1-antigeninthedevelopingchickretinahavebeenexaminedbyindriectimmunofluorescencestainingtechniqueusingthenovelmonoclonalantibody(MAb)1P1.Expressionofthe1P1antigenwasfoundtoberegulatedinradialaswellasintangentialdimensionoftheretina,beingpreferentiallyorexclusivelylocatedintheinnerandouterplexiformlayersoftheneuralretinadependingonthestagesofdevelopment,Withtheonsetoftheformationoftheinnerplexiformlayer1P1antigenbecomesexpressedintheretina.Withprogressingdifferentiationoftheinnerplexiformlayer1P1immunofluorescencerevealed2subbandsatE9and6subandsatE18,Atpostnatalstages(afterP3)immunoreactivitywasreducedinaninside-outsidesequenceleadingtothecompleteabsenceofthe1P1antigeninadulthood.1P1antigenexpressionintheouterplexiformlayerwasalsosubjecttodevelopmentalregulation.Thespation-temporalpatternof1P1antigenexpressionwascorrelatedwiththetimecourseofhistologicaldifferentationofchickretina,namelythesynapserichplexiformlayers.Whetherthe1P1antigenwasfunctionallyinvolvedindendriteextensionandsynapseformationwasdiscussed.

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简介：Arabidopsisthaliana嘘一deacetylase1(AtHD1或AtHDA19)，酵母RPD3的一个相当或相同的事物，是在植物的许多生理、发展的过程的一个全球管理者。尽管有为在植物基因规定和开发的AtHD1的一个角色的基因证据，AtHD1的生物化学、细胞的性质糟糕被理解。这里，我们在vivo报导AtHD1的细胞的本地化模式并且嘘在vitro的一项deacetylase活动。绿荧光灯的蛋白质(GFP)的短暂、稳定的表示在洋葱房间标注了AtHD1并且分别地，在转基因的Arabidopsis的根，种子和叶子表明AtHD1在euchromatic区域大概在原子核是局部性的并且从核排除。AtHD1的本地化模式与涉及核形成和transgenes的silencing并且分别地重复了DNA元素的AtHD2和AtHDA6的那些不同。另外，一hist一deacetylase活动试金证明在细菌生产的recombinantAtHD1示威了一特定嘘在vitro的一项deacetylase活动。数据建议AtHD1是原子蛋白质并且拥有嘘为对植物生长和开发重要的全球transcriptional规定负责的一项deacetylase活动。

简介：C3d是补体C3不可再被酶解的最小片段,在抗原特异性免疫建立之前,C3d可识别非己抗原并与之共价结合,增强了抗原递呈细胞的递呈能力、降低了B细胞的活化阈、提高特异性抗体的滴度、促进抗体亲和力成熟等.近年来研究显示,C3d还可以促进抗原特异性细胞免疫应答水平并改变机体免疫应答模式.所以,C3d是连接固有性免疫和获得性免疫的桥梁.本文对C3d的分子生物学特征、生物学功能以及作为分子佐剂可能的分子机制进行了简要总结.

简介：1资料与方法1.1临床资料患者女．26岁．因躯干部皮损逐渐增多半年，于2004年12月5日来本院就诊。半年前患者发现躯干部出现点状红褐色皮损，微痒．未予诊治．之后皮损逐渐增多。发病以来，患者饮食、睡眠可．二便如常。既往体健．无家族史。体格检查：躯干部皮肤散在性分布多数与毛囊一致的红褐色扁平丘疹，直径于0.5cm左右．有光泽．细屑不明显：

简介：Apoptosismanifestsintwomajorexecutionprogramsdownstreamofthedeathsignal:thecaspasepathwayandorganelledysfunction.Animportantantiapoptosisfactor,Bcl-2protein,contributesincaspasepathwayofapoptosis.Calcium,animportantintracellularsignalelementincells,isalsoobservedtohavechangesduringapoptosis,whichmaybeaffectedbyBcl-2protein.WehavepreviouslyreportedthatinHarringtonine(HT)inducedapoptosisofHL-60cells,there'schangeofintracellularcalciumdistribution,ovingfromcytoplastespeciallyGolgi'sapparatustonucleusandaccumulatingtherewiththehighestconcentration.Wereportherethatcaspase-3becomesactivatedinHT-inducedapoptosisofHL-60cells,whichcanbeinhibitedbyoverexpressionofBcl-2protein.NosignofapoptosisorintracellularcalciummovementfromGolgi'sapparatustonucleusinHL-60cellsoverexpressingBcl-2ortreatedwithAc-DEVD-CHO,aspecificinhibitorofcaspase-3.Theresultsindicatethatactivatedcaspase-2canpromotethemovementofintracellularcalciumfromGolgi'sapparatustonucleus,andtheprocessisinhibitedbyAc-DEVD-CHO(inhibitorofcaspase-3),andthatBcl-2caninhibitthemovementandaccumulationofintracellularcalciuminnucleusthroughitsinhibitiononcaspase-3.Calciumrelocalizationinapoptosisseemstobeirreversible,whichisdifferentfromtheintracellularcalciumchangescausedbygrowthfactor.

简介：Threetypesofroughsurfacewereprocessedbylaserirradiationonthe3Cr2W8Vmaterialhot-workdiesteelsurface.Thewearexperimentswithsmoothsurfaceandroughsurfacesampleswererepeatedonthepin-traywearmachine.Accordingtothewearresults,westudiedtheregularityofwearresistanceofdifferentroughsurfacesamples.Theresultsindicatedthatbionicroughsurfacecanimprovethewearresistanceofthematerialandthewearresistancecanbeincreased1-2times,comparedwiththesmoothsurface.Also,thewearresistanceoftheroughsurfacewasaffectedbylasercurrentanddurationofimpulse.Thebiggerthelasercurrentortheimpulseduration,thebetteristhewearresistance.Whenthedistancebetweenthesamekindofunitswhicharedistributedonthesurfacesischanged,thewearresistancechanges.Thewearresistanceofabionicroughsurfaceonwhichthegridunitsweredistributedatspacingof1mmwasthebest.Andwedesignedthewearmodels.

简介：用原子力显微镜（AFM）观察线性DNA并探讨其成像条件。用RT-PCR技术扩增柯萨奇B1病毒VP1基因DNA片段，纯化回收后配制成含和不含1mmol/LMgCl2的水溶液，DNA终浓度为100μg/ml。分别取20μl滴加在新鲜解理的云母片上，吸收1min，用滤纸吸去残液，氮气吹干，在室温下采用MultiModeAFMNanoscopeⅢa的敲击模式成像。同时比较新制备和多次使用过的探析所获得图像的质量，对两种探针进行扫描电镜观察。电泳证明获得了0.83kb的VP1基因DNA线性片段，Mg^2+存在时，DNA在云母片上吸附延展较好，所获图像质量优于无Mg^2+时。新制备的探针较多次使用过的探针所获图像分辨率更高。DNA分子的表现宽度为18±2.9nm，高度为0.8±0.2nm。说明AFM能以高分辨率直接观察DNA分子，Mg^2+的存在和高质量的探针有助于获得理想的图象。

简介：热吃惊(HS)表明的在transducing的肌醇1,4,5-trisphosphate(IP(3))的角色在Arabidopsis被检验。整个植物的IP(3)水平在37度C在HS的1min以内增加了。在HS的3min以后，IP(3)水平到达了最大值2.5褶层增加。用有AtHsp18.2promoter-beta-glucuronidase(GUS)的转基因的Arabidopsis植物熔化基因，GUS活动的水平在non-HS和HS温度由将关入笼中的IP(3)的增加是起来调整的并且由phospholipaseC(PLC)禁止者是下面调整的，这被发现{1-[6-((17beta-3-Methoxyestra-1,3,5(10)-trien-17-yl)amino)hexyl]-2,5-pyrrolidinedione}(U-73122)。细胞内部免费的钙离子集中([Ca(2+)](i))在表示apoaequorin的暂停有教养的Arabidopsis房间在37度C在HS期间增加了。有U-73122的处理阻止了增加[Ca(2+)](i)到某程度。上面的结果在更高的植物在HS信号transduction为IP(3)的可能的参与提供了主要证据。