简介:APRIL2015ChinaPledgesEducation,Hospital,JurorSystemReformsOnApr.1,China’scentralauthoritiesrolledoutplanstosupportruralteachers,overhaulpublichospitalsandimprovepublicsupervisionofcourtcases.Theplanswereadoptedatthe11thmeetingofthecentralleadinggroupfordeepeningoverallreformonWednesday,duringwhichPresidentXiJinping,whoisalso
简介:BeijinghasbeenoneoftheepicentersattackedmostseverelybytheSARS-CoV(severeacuterespiratorysyndrome-associatedcoronavirus)sincethefirstpatientwasdiagnosedinoneofthecity'shospitals.WenowreportcompletegenomesequencesoftheBJGroup,includingfourisolates(IsolatesBJ01,BJ02,BJ03,andBJ04)oftheSARS-CoV.ItisremarkablethatallmembersoftheBJGroupshareacommonhaplotype,consistingofsevenlocithatdifferentiatethegroupfromotherisolatespublishedtodate.Among42substitutionsuniquelyidentifledfromtheBJgroup,32arenon-synonymouschangesattheaminoacidlevel.Rootedphylogenetictrees,proposedonthebasisofhaplotypesandothersequencevariationsofSARS-CoVisolatesfromCanada,USA,Singapore,andChina,gaverisetodifferentparadigmsbutpositionedtheBJGroup,togetherwiththenewlydiscoveredGD01(GD-Ins29)inthesameclade,followedbytheH-UGroup(fromHongKongtoUSA)andtheH-TGroup(fromHongKongtoToronto),leavingtheSPGroup(Singapore)moredistant.ThisresultappearstosuggestapossibletransmissionpathfromGuangdongtoBeijing/HongKong,thentoothercountriesandregions.
简介:TheR(replicase)proteinistheuniquelydefinednon-structuralprotein(NSP)responsibleforRNAreplication,mutationrateorfidelity,regulationoftranscrip-tionincoronavirusesandmanyotherssRNAviruses.Basedonourcompletegenomesequencesoffourisolates(BJ01-BJ04)ofSARS-CoVfromBeijing,China,weanalyzedthestructureandpredictedfunctionsoftheRproteinincomparisonwith13otherisolatesofSARS-CoVand6othercoronaviruses.TheentireORF(open-readingframe)encodesfortwomajorenzymeactivities,RNA-dependentRNApolymerase(RdRp)andproteinaseactivities.TheRpolyproteinunder-goesacomplexproteolyticprocesstoproduce15function-relatedpeptides.Ahydrophobicdomain(HOD)andahydrophilicdomain(HID)arenewlyidentifiedwithinNSP1.ThesubstitutionrateoftheRproteinisclosetotheaverageoftheSARS-CoVgenome.ThefunctionaldomainsinallNSPsoftheRproteingivedifferentphylogeneticresultsthatsuggesttheirdifferentmutationrateunderselectivepressure.ElevenhighlyconservedregionsinRdRpandtwelvecleavagesitesby3CLP(chymotrypsin-likeprotein)havebeenidentifiedaspotentialdrugtargets.Findingssuggestthatitispossibletoobtaininformationaboutthephy-logenyofSARS-CoV,aswellaspotentialtoolsfordrugdesign,genotypinganddiagnosticsofSARS.
简介:作为中国最大企业排名前一百位内的国有企业老总,我去年全家移民美国。无论在美国还是在国内,要好的同学、朋友对我的举动都不理解,是不是"出了什么问题"?要么是"捞够了"?要不然,怎么会放弃多少人打破