简介:TheDigoxinInvestigationGrouptrialhasmultipleflawsinthetrialdesignforthefindingstobeuniversallyapplicable.Digoxininlowserumconcentrations(0.5-0.9ng/mL)hasbeenshowntodecreasemortalityinheartfailurepatients.Multipletrialsindifferentpatientpopulationsalsoshowbenefitofdigoxininheartfailurepatients,includingwomen,elderlypatients,renaldiseasepatients,andpatientswithheartfailurewithpreservedejectionfraction.Retrospectiveobservationaldatalinkingdigoxinusefortreatmentofatrialfibrillationtoincreasedmortalityisnotseeninsubgroupsofrandomizedcontrolledtrialsorpopulationregistries.Digoxinremainsausefuldruginthetoolboxofphysiciansdealingwithheartfailurepatients.
简介:Bridgepressureflowscouratclearwaterthresholdconditionisstudiedtheoreticallyandexperimentally.Theflumeexperimentsrevealthatthemeasuredscourprofilesunderabridgearemoreorless2-dimensional;allthemeasuredscourprofilescanbedescribedbytwosimilarityequations,wherethehorizontaldistanceisscaledbythedeckwidthwhilethelocalscourbythemaximumscourdepth;themaximumscourpositionislocatedjustunderthebridgeabout15%deckwidthfromthedownstreamdeckedge;thescourbeginsataboutonedeckwidthupstreamthebridgewhilethedepositionoccursatabout2.5deckwidthsdownstreamthebridge;andthemaximumscourdepthdecreaseswithincreas-ingsedimentsize,butincreaseswithdeckinundation.Thetheoreticalanalysisshowsthat:bridgescourcanbedividedintothreecases,i.e.downstreamunsubmerged,partiallysubmerged,andtotallysubmerged.Fordownstreamunsubmergedflows,themaximumbridgescourdepthisanopen-channelproblemwheretheconventionalmethodsintermsofcriticalvelocityorbedshearstresscanbeapplied;forpartiallyandtotallysubmergedflows,theequilibriummaximumscourdepthcanbedescribedbyascourandaninundationsimilaritynumber,whichhasbeenconfirmedbyexperimentswithtwodecksandtwosedimentsizes.Forapplication,adesignandfieldevaluationprocedurewithexamplesispresented,includingthemaximumscourdepthandscourprofile.
简介:The?ngstr?mturbiditycoefficient(β)andLinketurbidityfactor(T_L)areusedtostudytheatmosphericconditionsinWuhan,CentralChina,usingmeasureddirectsolarradiationduring2010–2011inthisstudy.Theresultsshowthatannualmeanβvaluesgenerallyincreasefrom0.28inthemorningto0.35atnoon,andthendecreaseto0.1inthelateafternoonduringtheday;annualmeanT_Lgenerallyvariesfrom3to7inCentralChina.Bothturbiditycoefficientshavemaximumvaluesinspringandsummer,whileminimumvaluesareobservedinwintermonths.Italsorevealsthatβvaluesshowpreponderance(52.8%)between0.15and0.35,78.1%ofT_Lvaluesarebetween3.3and7.7,whichcanbecomparedwithothersitesaroundtheworld.Relationshipbetweenturbiditycoefficientsandmainmeteorologicalparameters(humidity,temperatureandwinddirection)havebeenfurtherinvestigated,itisdiscoveredthatthelocalaerosolconcentrations,dusteventsinnorthernChinaandSouthwestMonsoonfromtheIndianOceaninfluencestheβvaluesinthestudyarea.
简介:AIM:Todescribetheresultsof5consecutivecasesofclearlensextractioninangleclosurepatientsforthetreatmentofelevatedintraocularpressure(IOP).·METHODS:Retrospectiveobservationalcaseseries.Allangleclosurepatientswereontwoormoretopicalglaucomamedicationsandhadpriorlaseriridotomy.Eyesunderwentclearlensextractionbyphacoemu-lsificationwithintraocularlensimplantation.·RESULTS:Allfivepatientsinthiscaseseriescarriedthediagnosisofangle-closureglaucomaandhaduncontrolledIOPpriortosurgerydespitetopicalmedications.AfterclearlensextractionthreeofthecaseshadgoodIOPcontrol(IOP<22mmHg)withouttheneedfortopicalmedications.InonecasetheIOPwasbettercontrolledaftersurgery,however,topicalmedicationswererequired.ThedesiredIOPwasnotmetinonecasedespiterestartingmaximumtopicaltherapy.·CONCLUSION:Thiscaseseriessuggeststhattheremaybearolefortherapeuticclearlensextractioninselectcasesofangle-closureglaucoma.
简介:AbstractBackground:Circular RNA ciRS-7 has been reported to be involved in the progression of various cancers. However, ciRS-7 expression and its role in clear cell renal cell carcinoma (ccRCC) progression remains unclear. This study aimed to investigate the effect of ciRS-7 expression on ccRCC and the related signaling pathway.Methods:ciRS-7 expression was analyzed using quantitative reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction in 87 pairs of ccRCC and matched adjacent normal tissues. The role of ciRS-7 in ccRCC cell proliferation and invasion was determined using the cell counting kit-8 and invasion assays, respectively. Potential mechanisms underlying the role of ciRS-7 in promoting ccRCC progression were explored by Western blotting. The relationship between the expression of ciRS-7 and features of ccRCC was analyzed by the Chi-square test and progression-free survival was determined using a Kaplan-Meier plot.Results:ciRS-7 was overexpressed in ccRCC tissues compared with that in matched adjacent normal tissues. In addition, ciRS-7 up-regulation was closely associated with tumor diameter (P = 0.050), clinical stage (P = 0.009), and distant metastasis (P = 0.007). ciRS-7 knockdown in 786O and 769P cells markedly inhibited their proliferative and invasive abilities. In addition, ciRS-7 inhibition reduced phosphorylated epidermal growth factor receptor (p-EGFR) and phosphorylated serine/threonine kinase (p-Akt) levels.Conclusions:ciRS-7 up-regulation could promote ccRCC cell proliferation and invasion, which may be related with the EGFR/Akt signaling pathway. ciRS-7 might be a potential ccRCC therapeutic target.
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简介:Objective:MemorystemTcells(Tscm)haveattractedattentionbecauseoftheirenhancedself-renewal,multipotentcapacity,andanti-tumorcapacities.However,littleisknownaboutTscminpatientswithrenalclearcellcarcinoma(RCC)andtheroleofWntsignalinginthesecells.WeevaluatedTscmfromRCCpatientsconcerningtheiractivationofWntsignalinginvitroandexploredthemechanismofpreferentialsurvival.Methods:FlowcytometryidentifiedsurfacemarkersandcytokinesproducedfromaccumulatedTscminthepresenceoftheglycogensynthasekinasebetainhibitorTWS119.Apoptosiswasevaluatedafterinductionusingtumornecrosisfactor-alpha.ImmunofluorescenceandWesternblotanalyseswereusedtoinvestigatetheactivationofthenuclearfactor-kappaB(NF-КB)pathway.Results:RCCpatientshadasimilarpercentageofCD4~+andCD8~+Tscmashealthydonors.ActivationofWntsignalingbyTWS119resultedintheaccumulationofTscminactivatedTcells,butreversalofdifferentiatedTcellstoTscmwasnotachieved.PreferentialsurvivalofTscmwasassociatedwithincreasedanti-apoptoticabilitymediateddownstreamoftheNF-КBactivationpathway.Conclusions:ThefindingthatTscmcanaccumulatebyWntsignalinginvitroinbloodfromRCCpatientswillhelpindevisingnewcancertherapystrategiesofTscm-basedadoptiveimmunotherapy,suchasdendriticcell-stimulatedTscm,andTcellreceptororchimericantigenreceptor-engineeredTscm.
简介:InthisstudytheQingweatherrecords"ClearandRainRecords"wereusedtoreconstructthe18thcenturysummer(June-August)precipitationandmonthlyprecipitationseriesofMay,June,July,andAugust.Thenatureoftheserecordsandthetechniqucoftransformingthemintonumericalcodesaredescribed.Theprocedureofconvertingthesedescriptiverecordsintoquantitativemonthlyprecipitationanditsscientificbasisaregivenindetail.Thereliabilityoftheobtaindprecipitationseriesisalsoex-amined.
简介:ObservationoftheoperationoftheSanmenxiaReservoirontheYellowRiverhasledtotheconclusionthattopreserveacertaineffectivestoragevolumeforreservoirsbuiltonheavilysilt-ladenriversisfeasibleifthereservoirisoperatedaccordingtotheprincipleknownas"storingtheclearwateranddischargingthemuddyflow".Therelativestabilityofthebedelevationattheendofthebackwaterandthereservoir'serosionanddepositionequilibriumdependonthecompatibilityofthepoollevelmaintainedinnon-floodseasonswiththeconditionsofflowandsedimentloadduringfloodseasons.OperatingthereservoirtoregulatethefloodandsedimentloadduringfloodseasonscanreducetherateofaggradationintheLowerYellowRiver.Thebasicconditionforapplyingtheoperationmodeof"storingtheclearwateranddischargingthemuddyflow"isthatasufficientamountofwatershouldbeusedfordischargingsedimentduringfloodseasons.Undertheconditionofextremelylowflowyears,reservoirsedimentationcannotbeavoidedevenifthisoperationmodeisadopted.
简介:在由有单个time/dual隧道裂口窗户算法的GMS-5/VISSR热红外线的数据的这份报纸的检索结果揭示特征日报、季节几代表性的陆地表面的清楚天空的陆地表面温度(LST)的变化录入中国包括Tarim盆,Qinghai西藏的高原,Hunshandake沙,诺思中国平原,并且华南。在上面的区域的清楚天空的LST的季节的变化由太阳的放射为影响的不同表面反照率,土壤水内容,和程度清楚地变化。每月的一般水准日报LST的范围在一年里有二座山峰和二条山谷。在东亚和在台湾海峡和黄海的南方的海表面温度(SST)的大多数土地的LST的特征也作为比较被分析。Tarim盆和Hunshandake沙有可观的LST不仅日报周期而且显著季节的变化。在2000,最大的每月的一般水准日报在两个区域的LST的范围在Hunshadake沙活动范围是超过30K,和年度范围58.50K。在Qinghai西藏的高原的LST的季节的变化是在东亚,Tarim盆,和Hunshandake沙的不到那些。然而,最大值日报范围在这个区域存在。每年的一般水准日报范围是在在2000的Qinghai西藏的高原的28.05K。特征日报、季节、年度从1998~2000的变化也在这研究被显示出。所有结果将对为陆地表面类型的变化的气候变化,放射平衡,和评价的研究珍贵。[出版摘要]
简介:在空气的顶的放射预算在气候研究起一个关键作用。比作宽带流动,幽灵似地解决的出去的longwave放射或流动(OLR),与在不同乐队的富有的大气的信息,在GCM的评估有明显的优点。不同于需要辅助大小和信息的方法,这里,我们拿大气红外线更健全(表情)观察作为一个例子当模特儿由尖分布造一个前後一致的算法(ADM),完全基于发光观察,在热带海洋上估计清楚天空的幽灵似地解决的流动。作为为如此的ADM的关键步骤,景色类型评价在选择表情隧道从发光和亮度温度被获得。然后,宽带OLR象一样合成光谱流动被导出由光谱ADM并且使用合成系列和谷神星验证(云和地球绚烂的精力系统)观察。处于大多数状况,之间的吝啬的OLR差别光谱ADM产品和CERES观察在钫?以内??醰顣鱎?????????