简介：AbstractBackground:Psoriatic arthritis (PsA) is an inflammatory arthropathy characterized by psoriasis and bone erosion on radiology. Dickkopf-1 (Dkk-1) is considered to be the main inhibitor of the Wnt signaling pathway and results in reduced osteoblast proliferation. The aim of this study was to investigate the serum level of Dkk-1 and its association with bone erosion in PsA patients.Methods:Serum Dkk-1 levels were measured by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) in 69 patients with PsA and 60 controls, including 39 rheumatoid arthritis (RA) patients, and 21 healthy controls (HCs). Rheumatoid factor and anti-cyclic citrullinated peptide levels were also determined by ELISA. The association of Dkk-1 level with clinical and laboratory features of PsA was analyzed. Logistic regression analysis was used to analyze the risk factors for bone erosion in PsA.Results:Dkk-1 was elevated in 68.1% (47/69) of the patients with PsA, 46.2% (18/39) of RA patients, and 9.5% (2/21) of HCs. Serum Dkk-1 concentration was significantly higher in PsA patients compared with that in HCs. The level of serum Dkk-1 was correlated with a swollen joint count, and levels of complement components 3 and 4. Elevated Dkk-1 level (odds ratio = 4.440, 95% confidence interval: 1.246-15.817, P = 0.021) was identified as the risk factor for bone erosion in PsA.Conclusions:The serum level of Dkk-1 is abnormally elevated in PsA patients. The elevation of Dkk-1 might be involved in the mechanism of bone erosion in patients with PsA.

简介：AbstractBackground:Fibroblast-like synoviocytes (FLSs), resident mesenchymal cells of synovial joints, play an important role in the pathogenesis of rheumatoid arthritis (RA). Dickkopf-1 (DKK-1) has been proposed to be a master regulator of bone remodeling in inflammatory arthritis. Here, potential impairation on the activity of FLSs derived from RA to small interfering RNAs (siRNAs) targeting DKK-1 was investigated.Methods:siRNAs targeting DKK-1 were transfected into FLSs of patients with RA. Interleukin (IL)-1β, IL-6, IL-8, matrix metalloproteinase (MMP) 2, MMP3, MMP9, transforming growth factor (TGF)-β1, TGF-β2 and monocyte chemoattractant protein (MCP)-1 levels in the cell culture supernatant were detected by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). Invasion assay and 3H incorporation assay were utilized to investigate the effects of siRNAs targeting DKK-1 on FLSs invasion and cell proliferation, respectively. Western blotting was performed to analyze the expression of nuclear factor (NF)-κB, interleukin-1 receptor-associated kinase (IRAK)1, extracellular regulated protein kinases (ERK)1, Jun N-terminal kinase (JNK) and β-catenin in FLSs.Results:DKK-1 targeting siRNAs inhibited the expression of DKK-1 in FLSs (P < 0.01). siRNAs induced a significant reduction of the levels of IL-6, IL-8, MMP2, MMP3 and MMP9 in FLSs compared to the control group (P < 0.05). DKK-1 targeting siRNAs inhibited the proliferation and invasion of FLSs (P < 0.05). Important molecules of pro-inflammatory signaling in FLSs, including IRAK1 and ERK1, were decreased by the inhibition of DKK-1 in FLSs. In contrast, β-catenin, a pivotal downstream molecule of the Wnt signaling pathway was increased.Conclusions:By inhibiting DKK-1, we were able to inhibit the proliferation, invasion and pro-inflammatory cytokine secretion of FLSs derived from RA, which was mediated by the ERK or the IRAK-1 signaling pathway. These data indicate the application of DKK-1 silencing could be a potential therapeutic approach to RA.

简介：冬残春起的刹那,正是飞魂走魄的季节。的荒城远郊,枯林古刹之间,作一个萧萧独行客,访一访千百年来客死、情死、横死、醉死的游魂,祭一祭或远或近、或亲或疏的先祖坟茔,这种时刻,最会忆起许许多多的故人旧事,遗音残梦,都宛若明日黄花纷纷如坠,令人痴然。消失已久的人,再被忆起,被凭吊,对于从未谋面的后世子孙而言,就不再有具体的形态,而只是一种岑寂、一种苍凉,一种墓碑的厚度。

简介：不知什么时候开始，我家浴霸排风口里居然住进了一对“鸟夫妻”。它们披着一身灰白色的羽毛，一双敏捷的翅膀，还有一个黄颜色的小尖嘴，每天不停地在我家上空盘旋，可爱极了，有时还不停地发出“叽叽叽……”的叫声，好像在“嘻嘻嘻”不停地大笑呢。

简介：豌豆一家住在菜园的角落里。春天到来的时候,豌豆花纷纷盛开。这些豌豆花,有的是红色,有的是白色,有的是粉红色,还有的居然是紫色。有一天,粉红色的豌豆花提出要给豌豆家族推选一位族长,大家纷纷表示赞成。不过,红色的豌豆花认为,族长应该从粉红色花或红色

简介：<正>我的母系一我的母亲是湖北沔阳(今仙桃市)人,生于农历戊戌年(公历1898年)正月十八日。我生于癸酉年二月三十日(1933年3月25日)。这样说来,她应是35岁生的我。我是在武昌外国教会(基督教会)办的一所不大的仁济医院

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简介：今日任务赛门始终是什么？

简介：饺子在我国起源甚早。1978年，考古工作者从山东滕州的一座春秋晚期贵族墓葬中发现了一些食品一芭们呈白色，个体为三角形，内包有屑状馅料。

简介：话说皓天和鹏飞在虚拟世界经历了宇宙大坍缩，到达了宇宙的终点——时空奇点之后，他们不得不再回到现实世界，皓天显得十分沮丧，看来宇宙终究只能是一场空，所有的一切最终只能化为乌有。

简介：7岁那年，我妈在医院住了一段时间，回来的时候，抱着一个弟弟。从此以后，爷爷、奶奶、爸爸、妈妈，他们的眼睛全都盯在弟弟那张皱巴巴的小脸上了。我独自坐在屋门前的竹林里生气。生了一会儿气以后，我觉得自己完完全全变成了一个孤儿。我开始怀疑：也许我根本就不是我爸爸妈妈亲生的，只有这个弟弟才是他们的亲骨肉。我越想，越觉得只有这样才能解释为什么他们那么喜欢他。这个问题让我彻夜难眠。让我坐立不安。我开始竖起耳朵听家里人的脚步声，听他们的谈话。我开始斜着眼睛看他们。因为我想从他们的言谈举止中，看出一点儿蛛丝马迹，听出一点儿什么破绽。因为只有这样，我才能找到我真正的家，我的亲人。

简介：<正>吃肉要吃最好的肉1先说爷爷。爷爷叫王二金,来土唐煤矿挖煤的时候才20岁。20岁的王二金一身牛劲。进矿那天,王二金跟着村里几个一起进矿的后生,把行李一放,就去将矿区的景色欣赏了一遍,然后,众口一词地认为,他们的选择是无比正确的,至少矿里有电灯,亮堂堂的,仅这一点,村里就比不上,村里还是千百年来的昏黄的油灯。还有一点也是必须要议论的,那就是说,这么大

简介：　　吃肉要吃最好的肉　　1　　先说爷爷.　　爷爷叫王二金,来土唐煤矿挖煤的时候才20岁.20岁的王二金一身牛劲.进矿那天,王二金跟着村里几个一起进矿的后生,把行李一放,就去将矿区的景色欣赏了一遍,然后,众口一词地认为,他们的选择是无比正确的,至少矿里有电灯,亮堂堂的,仅这一点,村里就比不上,村里还是千百年来的昏黄的油灯.……

简介：<正>当我们谈到英格兰国家队的成员,在切尔西效力的中场明星弗兰克·兰帕德时,一个人不应该被遗忘,因为必须涉及到对他的事业产生巨大影响的人——他的父亲。家庭情感和足球圈里的是非通常相隔很远,但兰帕德是个特例,他是造随着自己父亲杰米·兰帕德的足迹踏入绿茵场的。弗兰克现年25岁,他已经实践了自已儿时的梦想,为西汉姆联队效力——弗兰克的父亲老杰米,作为球员和教练为这支俱乐部在最辉煌的二十年里增光添色——包括将自己的儿子培养成球星。

简介：我是一只小蜜蜂，我们蜜蜂是过群体生活的，在一个蜂群中有三种蜂：一只蜂王，少数雄蜂和几千到几万只工蜂，我就是这千万工蜂之一。

简介：狮子是群居动物。它们常15只或者更多只群居在一起，成为狮群。狮群的规模小到3只，大到40只。在狮群中，雄性狮子和雌性狮子分别扮演什么样的角色？它们在生活中分别承担哪些工作？

简介：精彩导读学生进入高中后大多在外读书，从此之后也是经常与家人朋友相隔两地,本文介绍了一些的方法。

简介：1．元素周期律根据现代的原子结构理论，元素周期律可以更准确地表述为：元素的性质随着元素的原子序数(核电荷数或质子数)的增加而呈周期性的变化。

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