简介：森林的阿什授精把营养素还给森林生态系统并且在土壤上有积极效果pH，而是它可以也提高森林生物区系的Cd集中。在二个阴谋与木头灰被使肥沃的地方，一些森林昆虫(从腐烂的木头的福米加蚂蚁，carabids和甲虫类之昆虫幼虫)的镉集中在南部的芬兰被调查，当二个另外的阴谋代表了未受精的控制阴谋时。在蚂蚁，吝啬的Cd集中是3.6±1.4mg/kg，与巢，比工人有显著地更高的集中的工人在陷井陷井套住。集中在使肥沃，未受精的阴谋是类似的。在carabid甲壳虫，Carabusglabratus的平均Cd集中是0.44±0.36mg/kg，没有控制阴谋和使肥沃的阴谋之间的重要差别。在另一carabid甲壳虫，Pterostichus尼日尔，吝啬的Cd集中在与控制阴谋相比的使肥沃的阴谋是更高的。我们断定在学习的昆虫的Cd集中的变化被种类特定的差别更高效地比森林地板的授精历史控制。

简介：Background:Forestfertilizationoffersameanstoincreasetheproductionofrenewableresources.Nitrogenisthemostcommonfertilizerinborealuplandforests.Thereisplentyofresearchontheeffectofnitrogenfertilizationonvolumegrowth,butlessresearchontheoptimaltimingoffertilizationandoptimalmanagementoffertilizedstands.Methods:Thisstudyusedsimulationandoptimizationtoanalyzetheprofitabilityoffertilization,optimalmanagementoffertilizedstandsandtheeffectsoffertilizationoncashflowsandtimberyields.Themanagementof100standsrepresentingthemostcommongrowingsitesofScotspineandNorwaysprucewasoptimized.Results:Fertilizationimprovedprofitabilityinmostoftheanalyzedstands.Profitabilityimprovedmostinsprucestandsgrowingonmesicsite.Improvingstemqualityincreasedtheeconomicbenefitoffertilization.Thetimberyieldsofmedium-agedconiferstandscanbeincreasedbyalmost1m~3·ha~(-1)·a~(-1)(15%)insub-xericpineandmesicsprucesitesandabout0.5m~3·ha~(-1)·a~(-1)(5%)inmesicpineandherb-richsprucesiteswhentherecommendednitrogendose(150kg·ha~(-1))isappliedoncein30years.Conclusions:Nitrogenfertilizationofborealconiferforestshouldbeusedmainlyinspruce-dominatedstandsgrowingonmediumsites.Thegainsarethehighestinstandswherethemeantreediameteris16–20cmandstandbasalareais14–20m~2·ha~(-1).

简介：Progressinthefieldofassistedreproduction,andparticularlymicromanipulation,nowheraldsanewerainthemanagementofseveremalefactorinfertility,notamenabletomedicalorsurgicalcorrection.Byovercomingnaturalbarrierstoconception,invitrofertilizationandembryotransfer(IVF-ET),subzonal

简介：AbstractNearly one-fourth of the world’s population is infected with Mycobacterium tuberculosis (MTB). Female genital tuberculosis (TB) is a common cause of infertility in both developing and undeveloped countries. Furthermore, assisted reproduction treatments and pregnancy potentially increase the risk of TB infection and reactivation. In this study, we present the case of a 28-year-old infertile female without a history of TB who developed an acute miliary TB and pelvic TB after in vitro fertilization-embryo transfer (IVF-ET). Elevated serum estrogen levels during controlled ovarian hyperstimulation and T-lymphocyte function inhibition during pregnancy are the risk factors for MTB infection and reactivation. In her 7th week of gestation, the patient developed fever and spontaneously aborted. Her chest computed tomography images revealed classical miliary TB. Uterine curettage tissue and vaginal secretion samples as well as Gene X-pert MTB/rifampicin (RIF) and TB-RNA test results were positive for MTB. Histological examination of the uterine curettage tissue confirmed the diagnosis of endometrial TB. Treatment with isoniazid, RIF, pyrazinamide, amikacin, and levofloxacin was selected based on the patient’s diagnosis, complications, and test results. Currently, the patient is undergoing anti-TB treatment, and her condition is stable. It is important to rule out the presence of TB in infertile patients before performing IVF-ET to avoid TB dissemination during pregnancy.

简介：摘要：在Weibei煤田基于煤脉石的系统的分析，例如岩石学的特征，化学作文，滋养的元素，有害元素，和转变，并且与黄土高原和国家有害材料的土壤元素内容背景价值相比控制标准，我们断定在Weibei煤田的煤脉石有巨大的潜力被用作泥土化肥。

简介：Overaperiodoftwoyears,fieldexperimentswereconductedontwosiltyloamsoilsgrownwithfoursolanaceousvegetablecropsofeggplant(var.serpentinumBailey),tomato(var.communeBailey),sweetpepper(var.grossumBailey)andchilli(var.lengumBailey),respectively.Eachexperimentincludedfourtreatmentswithfromlowtohighdoses,0～450kgha-1foreggplant,tomatoandsweetpepper,and0～270kgha-1forchilli,ofKfertilizersintheformofsulfateofpotash(SOP)appliedtogetherwithNandPfertilizers.OneCKtreatmentwithoutK,NandPfertilizersappliedandonetreatmentofKfertilizerintheformofmuriateofpotash(MOP)appliedatthehighlevel(450kgha-i)togetherwithNandPfertilizerswereincludedintheexperimentsofeggplant,inordertocomparetheeffectsofSOPandMOP.ThefruityieldsofthetestedcropsincreasedsignificantlywiththeincreasingrateofKapplication.ThecropssuppliedwithKfertilizersyieldedmorestablyastheCV%oftheiryieldsdecreasedwiththerateofKapplication.ThedrymatterandvitaminCcontentsinfruitsoftomato,sweetpepperandchilli,andthesugarcontentandthetitratableacidityleveloftomatofruitswereincreased,andtheS/Aratio(ratioofsugarcontenttotitratableacidity)oftomatofruitsweredecreasedbyKfertilization,indicatingthatKfertilizationcouldimprovethefruitqualityofthesolanaceousvegetablecrops.However,thehighrateofKfertilizermightlowerthedrymatterandvitaminCcontentsoftomatofruitsandsweetpepperfruits.SOPwasmoreeffectivethanMOPinincreasingtheyieldandqualityofeggplantfruitsatthehighfertilizationrate;therefore,thechoiceofapplyingSOPmaybebetterforhighlevelsofKfertilization.

简介：AbstractBackground:Empiric therapy for patients with unexplained recurrent pregnancy loss (URPL) is not precise. Some patients will ask for assisted reproductive technology due to secondary infertility or advanced maternal age. The clinical outcomes of URPL patients who have undergone in vitro fertilization-embryo transfer (IVF-ET) require elucidation. The IVF outcome and influencing factors of URPL patients need further study.Methods:A retrospective cohort study was designed, and 312 infertile patients with URPL who had been treated during January 2012 to December 2015 in the Reproduction Center of Peking University Third Hospital were included. By comparing clinical outcomes between these patients and those with tubal factor infertility (TFI), the factors affecting the clinical outcomes of URPL patients were analyzed.Results:The clinical pregnancy rate (35.18% vs. 34.52% in fresh ET cycles, P = 0.877; 34.48% vs. 40.27% in frozen-thawed ET cycles, P = 0.283) and live birth rate (LBR) in fresh ET cycles (27.67% vs. 26.59%, P = 0.785) were not significantly different between URPL group and TFI group. URPL group had lower LBR in frozen-thawed ET cycles than that of TFI group (23.56% vs. 33.56%, P = 0.047), but the cumulative LBRs (34.69% vs. 38.26%, P = 0.368) were not significantly different between the two groups. The increased endometrial thickness (EMT) on the human chorionic gonadotropin day (odds ratio [OR]: 0.848, 95% confidence interval [CI]: 0.748-0.962, P = 0.010) and the increased number of eggs retrieved (OR: 0.928, 95% CI: 0.887-0.970, P = 0.001) were protective factors for clinical pregnancy in stimulated cycles. The increased number of eggs retrieved (OR: 0.875, 95% CI: 0.846-0.906, P < 0.001), the increased two-pronucleus rate (OR: 0.151, 95% CI: 0.052-0.437, P < 0.001), and increased EMT (OR: 0.876, 95% CI: 0.770-0.997, P = 0.045) in ET day were protective factors for the cumulative live birth outcome.Conclusion:After matching ages, no significant differences in clinical outcomes were found between the patients with URPL and the patients with TFI. A thicker endometrium and more retrieved oocytes increase the probability of pregnancy in fresh transfer cycles, but a better normal fertilization potential will increase the possibility of a live birth.

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简介：CarboncycleisconnectedwiththemostimportantenvironmentalissueofGlobalChange.Asoneofthemajorcarbonreservoirs,oceansplayanimportantpartinthecarboncycle.Inrecentyears,ironseemstogiveusagoodnewsthatoceanicironfertilizationcouldstimulatebiologicalproduc-tivityasCO2sinkofhuman-producedCO2.Oceanicironfertilizationexperimentshaveverifiedthataddingironintohighnutrientlowchlorophyll(HNLC)seawaterscanincreasephytoplanktonproductionandexportorganiccarbon,andhenceincreasecarbonsinkofanthropogenicCO2,toreduceglobalwarming.Insixtydays,theexportorganiccarboncouldreach10000timesforaddingironbymodelpredictionandinsituexperiment,I.e.TheatmosphericCO2uptakeandinorganiccarbondrawdowninupperseawatersalsohavethesamemagnitude.Therefore,oceanicironfertilizationisoneofthestrate-giesforincreasingcarbonsinkofanthropogenicCO2.Thepaperisfocusedontheironfertilization,es-peciallyinsituoceanironexperimentsinorderthatthefutureresearchismoreefficient.

简介：Excessivenitrogen(N)fertilizerapplicationtowinterwheatisacommonproblemontheNorthChinaPlain.TodeterminetheoptimumfertilizerNrateforwinterwheatproductionwhileminimizingNlosses,fieldexperimentswereconductedfortwogrowingseasonsateightsites,inHuiminCounty,ShandongProvince,from2001to2003.TheoptimumNrateformaximumgrainyieldwasinverselyrelatedtotheinitialsoilmineralNcontent(Nmin)inthetop90cmofthesoilprofilebeforesowing.TherewasnoyieldresponsetotheappliedNatthethreesiteswithhighinitialsoilmineralNlevels(average212kgNha-1).TheaverageoptimumNratewas96kgNha-1forthefivesiteswithlowinitialsoilNmin(average155kgNha-1)beforesowing.ResidualnitrateNinthetop90cmofthesoilprofileafterharvestincreasedwithincreasingfertilizerNapplicationrate.TheapparentNlossesduringthewheat-growingseasonalsoincreasedwithincreasingNapplicationrate.TheaverageapparentNlosseswiththeoptimumNrateswerelessthan15kgNha-1,whereasthefarmers'conventionalNapplicationrateresultedinlossesofmorethan100kgNha-1.Therefore,optimizingNuseforwinterwheatconsiderablyreducedNlossestotheenvironmentwithoutcompromisingcropyields.

简介：Along-termexperimentbeginningin1981inJinxianCountyofJiangxiProvince,subtropicalChina,wasconductedinapaddyfieldunderadoublericecroppingsystemwithfourdifferentfertilizationregimes,including1)nofertilizerascontrol(CK),2)balancedchemicalN,P,andKfertilizers(NPK),3)organicmanureusingmilkvetchandpigmanureintheearlyandlatericegrowingseason,respectively(OM),and4)balancedchemicalfertilizerscombinedwithorganicmanure(NPKM).Samples(0-17cm)ofthepaddyfieldsoil,whichwasderivedfromQuaternaryredclay,werecollectedafterthelatericeharvestinNovember2003fordeterminationoftotalorganiccarbon(TOC)andtotalnitrogen(TN)andfractionsoforganicCandN.ResultsshowedthatTOCandTNintheNPKMandOMtreatmentsweresignificantlyhigherthanthoseinothertwotreatments(CKandNPK).ApplicationoforganicmanurewithorwithoutchemicalfertilizerssignificantlyincreasedthecontentsofallfractionsoforganicCandN,whereaschemicalfertilizerapplicationonlyincreasedthecontentsofoccludedparticulateorganicC(oPOC)andaminoacidN.Inaddition,applicationoforganicmanuresignificantlyenhancedtheproportionsoffreeparticulateorganiccarbon(fPOC)andoPOCintotalC,andthoseofaminosugarNandaminoacidN(P<0.01)intotalN.Incontrast,chemicalfertilizerapplicationonlyincreasedtheproportionsofoPOCandaminoacidN(P<0.05).TherewerenosignificantdifferencesineithercontentsorproportionsofsoilorganicCandorganicNfractionsbetweentheNPKMandOMtreatments.TheseindicatedthatorganicmanureapplicationwithorwithoutchemicalfertilizersplayedthemostsignificantroleinenhancingsoilorganicCandNquantityandqualityinthepaddyfieldstudied.

简介：A15-yearfertilizationexperimentwithdifferentapplicationsofinorganicN,PandKfertilizersandfarmyardmanure(M)wasconductedtostudytheyieldandsoilresponsestolong-termfertilizationatQiyang,HunanProvince,China.Averagegrainyieldsofwheatandcorn(1672and5111kgha-1,respectively)forthetreatmentNPKMweresignificantlyhigherthanthose(405and310kgha-1)oftheunfertilizedcontrolandsingleinorganicfertilizertreatments.Comparedwiththecorrespondinginitialvaluesoftheexperiment,alltreatmentsshowedayielddeclineof9to111kgha-1year-1inwheatand35to260kgha-1year-1incorn,respectively,andasignificantpHdeclineof0.07to0.12pHyear?1,exceptforthetreatmentsPKandNPKM.Afterlong-termfertilization,thesoilorganicC,soilavailableP,exchangeableCa2+andMg2+andavailableCu2+andZn2+contentswerehigherinthetreatmentNPKMthaninthetreatmentsappliedwithinorganicfertilizeronly.ComparedtothetreatmentNPK,thetreatmentNPKM,wheremanurepartiallyreplacedinorganicN,hadapositiveimpactonarrestingthedeclineofsoilpH.Thisimprovedgrainyieldsofwheatandcorn,suggestingthatapplicationofNPKfertilizerincombinationwithfarmyardmanureisimportanttomaintainsoilfertilityandbufferingcapacityinredsoil.

简介：Nitrogen(N)applicationmayleadtonichesegregationofsoilammonia-oxidizingarchaea(AOA)andbacteria(AOB),therebyreducingthecompetitiveinteractionsbetweenAOAandAOBduetohigherammoniumsubstrateavailability.However,theadaptivemechanismsofAOAandAOBunderNenrichmentremainpoorlyunderstood.Stableisotopeprobing(SIP)microcosmincubationwasemployedtorevealcommunitychangesofactiveAOAandAOBinaloesssoilfromafieldexperimentgrowingpotatoesthatreceivednoN(control,CK),lowN(LN,75kgNha-1),andhighN(HN,375kgNha-1).Theresultsshowedthatthesoilpotentialnitrificationrate(PNR)wasmeasuredbyculturingofthesoilsamplesfromthefieldexperiment.SoilPNRwassignificantlyincreasedinHNby87.5%and67.5%comparedwithCKandLN,respectively.ComparedwithCK,the13C-amoAgenesofsoilAOAandAOBinHNhad2.58×104and1.55×106copies,representing1.6-and16.2-foldincreaserespectively.ItwasindicatedthatAOBdominatedsoilammoniaoxidation.Aphylogeneticanalysisofthe13C-amoAgeneshowedthatNapplicationsignificantlyincreasedtheproportionof54d9-likeAOAupto90%inHN,whiletheNitrososphaeragargensis-likeandNitrososphaeraviennensis-likeAOAwereinhibitedandcompletelydisappeared.NitrogenapplicationalsoresultedinthecommunityshiftofactiveAOB-dominantgroupfromNitrosospirabriensis-liketoNitrosospirasp.TCH711-like.OurstudyprovidescompellingevidencefortheemergenceandmaintenanceofactivenitrifyingcommunitiesundertheintensifiedNinputtoanagriculturalecosystem.

简介：Changesofsoilorganicnitrogenformsandsoilnitrogensupplyundercontinuousricecroppingsystemwereinvestigatedinalong-termfertilizationexperimentinJinhua,ZhejiangProvince,China.ThefertilizertreatmentsincludedcombinationofP-K,N-K,N-P,andN-P-Kaswellasthecontrol.Aftersixyearsofcontinuousdouble-ricecropping,totalsoilNandhydrolysableNcontentsremainedstableinplotswithNtreatments,whilethehydrolysableNcontentsweresubstantiallyreducedinthoseplotswithoutNapplication.Comparedtotheunbalancedfertilizationtreatments,PandKincreasedthepercentageofhydrolysableammoniumNinthetotalsoilNwiththebalancedapplicationofN,andalsomaintainedhigherricegrainyieldsandnitrogenuptake.GrainyieldwaspositivelycorrelatedwithtotalNuptake(r=0.875**),hydrolysableN(r=0.608**),hydrolysableammoniumN(r=0.560**)andthehydrolysableunknownN(r=0.417**).TotalNuptakewaspositivelycorrelatedwithhydrolysableN(r=0.608**),hydrolysableammoniumN(r=0.440**)andhydrolysableunknownN(r=0.431**).Soilnutrientdepletionand/orunbalancedfertilizationtoricecropreducedNcontentinsoilmicrobialbiomass,andthereforeincreasedC/Nratio,suggestinganegativeeffectonthetotalmicrobialbiomassinthesoil.

简介：Astudyonbalancedfertilizationwasconductedbymeansoflong-termfieldexperiments,andaconve-nienttableforbalancedfertilizationwascompiled.Theexperimentalresultsabouttheeffectoffertilizationonwateruseefficiencyofuplandwheatshowedthattheinputofinorganicfertilizershouldbereducedindryyears.

简介：AbstractObjective:This study aimed to screen for novel mutations in ACTL7A and expand the spectrum of known mutations responsible for recurrent fertilization failure.Methods:Whole-exome sequencing was performed on samples from couples who experienced recurrent assisted reproductive technology failure and visited the General Hospital of Ningxia Medical University. Western blotting and quantitative Real-time PCR were used to investigate the effects of the mutation on HEK293T cells.Results:Samples from 12 couples with total fertilization failure or poor fertilization (fertilization rate <20%) were subjected to whole-exome sequencing, and a novel homozygous protein-truncating mutation (c. 1101dupC, p. S368Qfs*5) in ACTL7A was identified in a patient with recurrent poor fertilization. The mutant resulted in a truncated protein as well as decreased protein expression level in HEK293T cells.Conclusions:Our findings expand the mutational and phenotypic spectrum of ACTL7A, thus providing a potential diagnostic marker for fertilization failure due to male factors.

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简介：在modulating植物生产率的土壤pH的潜在的角色根据干燥质量被估计，在0.25m2空铅形式收获了，在北希腊的二块低生产率的高地草地使遭到了到年度因素的氮(N)和磷(P)授精(15gNm−2year−1和10gPm−2year−1)在最小上3年的时期。在这些特别条件下面，一种积极关系将在土壤pH和植物生产率之间存在，进一步，营养素的那N或P化肥应用限制系统，这被假设，将导致一变弱这种积极关系。一种重要积极关系在其它在二个学习区域和一个积极趋势之一在土壤pH和植物生产率之间被证实。而且，植物生产率增加，后面的授精，看起来在土壤pH植物生产率关系上有有害效果。调查结果支持原来的假设并且加强想法种调停差异的土壤pH植物生产率关系是发生在更多的“typical”下面的更强烈的植物种形成的结果更高的pH在的土壤条件与热带区域对比适度。

简介：Background:Thispaperexploredthelong-term,ceteris-paribuseffectsofpotentialCO,fertilizationontheglobalforestsector.BasedonthefindingsofNorbyetal.(PNAS2005,102(50))aboutforestresponsetoelevated[CO_2].Methods:ForestproductivitywasincreasedintheGlobalForestProductsModel(GFPM)inproportiontotherising[CO.,]projectedintheIPCCscenarioA1B,A2,andB2.Projectionsoftheforestareaandforeststockandoftheproduction,consumption,prices,andtradeofproductsrangingfromfuelwoodtopaperandpaperboardwereobtainedwiththeGFPMforeachscenario,withandwithoutCO_2fertilizationbeginningin2011andupto2065.Results:C02fertilizationincreasedwoodsupply,leadingtolowerwoodpriceswhichinturninducedmodestlowerpricesofendproductsandhigherglobalconsumption.However,productionandvalueaddedinindustriesdecreasedinsomeregionsduetotherelativecompetitiveadvantagesandtothevaryingregionaleffectsofCO_2fertilization.Conclusion:ThemaineffectofCO,fertilizationwastoraisetheleveloftheworldforeststockin2065by9to10%forscenariosA2andB2andby20%forscenarioA1B.Theriseinforeststockinducedbyfertilizationwasinpartcounteractedbyitsstimulationofthewoodsupplywhichresultedinlowerwoodpricesandincreasedharvests.

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