简介：Recently,Baotourareearthenterprisesheldmeetingsdiscussingpricesforthefirstquarterof2005.Suggestedpricesofsomeproductsarelistedbelow.(RMB/ton)

简介：PricesoflightrareearthproductsinBaotouroseonthefullscaleinJuly.PriceoflanthanareachedRMB12,000-13,000/t,thatofceriaRMB12,000/t,praseodymiaRMB70,000-72,000/t,Pr-NdoxidesRMB52,000/t,neodymiaRMB65,000/t.DespitethehighpriceofPr-Ndoxidesandneodymia,nogoodsareavailableathand.PricerisingisattributedtoenforcementofenvironmentalprotectionpolicyandheighteningprojectsuspendingofBaogangtailingsdam.REseparationenterprisesalongYellowRiverhave...

简介：

简介：

简介：Thispapershowsthatanattachmentofpricesbycourtsorstateagenciestoenvironmentalgoodsiswithoutpropereconomicfoundationandafiction.Avaluationinmonetarytermsofdamagestobiotopesinoilpollutioncasesisarbitraryduetothemissingmarketexchangeprocesses.Itdoesnotmakesensetoattachanexchangeratetonon-exchangeablegoods.Therearenomarketsandpricesforbiodiversityandthereisnomonetisationbycentralbanksforanygoodoutsideofmarkets.Money,neverthelesscreatedbycentralbanksfornon-exchangeablegoodswouldbeusedinexchangesonmarketsandnotleftunused,onlypassivelyreflectinggiven“values”tonon-exchangeablegoods.Byvaluingandmonetizingenvironmentalgoodscentralbankswillproduceatoolargemonetarybasefortheexchangeablegoodsandaffectpricesonmarketsinaninflationaryway.Cashpricesintheformofdamagesforintangiblegoodsarenotmarketprices,butpure“preventionprices”whicharesimilarlyjustifiedlikepenalties,fines,andcompensations.Atareasonableamount,theyareeffective,useful,andrecommendableasanincentivedeviceeveniftheirbasicjustificationisnotbuiltonmarketvaluations.

简介：

简介：

简介：

简介：

简介：Exercise-pricepolicyisperhapsthecentraldesignissueregardingnontradableExecutiveStockOptions(ESO).Inthispaper,wegivethevaluelineofESO,V(P),andtherangeoftheincentive-maximizingexercisepriceswhichisdefinedastheexercisepricesthatgenerateincentives,εn(P)/εP,within1percentofthemaximumusingthe“certaintyequivalence”approach,similartothatadoptedbyRichardLambertetal..Ourresultsshowthat,holdingconstantthecompany'scostofmakinganoptiongrant,incentivesaremaximizedbysettingexercisepriceswithinarangethattypicallyincludesthegrant-datemarketprice.

简介：Thispaperproposesaprocurementandproductionoutsourcingmodelsubjecttoadynamicpricesenvironment.Usingtheoptimalcontroltheoryweobtainthenecessaryconditionsoftheoptimalprocurementandproductionpolicy.Fromthestudyofoptimalcontrolconditions,wederivequalitativepropertiesoftheoptimalprocurementandproductiondecisionsforafewexemplifyingcases.Throughtheseresultsweareabletoprovidesomemanagerialimplicationsformanagerstomakerealdecisions.

简介：8.JiDaiyu,GeneralManagerofBaotouXinyuanRareEarthHi-TechMaterialsCo.LtdControlgrosstostabilizeprices.Chineserareearthispreciousstrategicresource.Themoreitisexploit,thelessitwillbe.TheStatehasputforwardrareearthpolicyof"strengthenmanagement,protectresource,developscientificallyandfaceinternational".Chineserareearth

简介：

简介：

简介：ChinesesteelmillsturntomoreimportedironoreAChinesedomesticsteelmill,TangshanGangluIronandSteelCo.,Ltd.,hasbeenusing100percentimportedironoreinproductionsinceMarch-thoughinJanuary,domesticironoremadeupforabout30percentofthetotalrawmaterials.Thecompany,basedinZunhuainnorthChina'sHebeiProvince,isoneofthedomesticmillsthathavebeenusingmoreimportedironore.'Importedironoreischeaperthandomesticoneandwithhigherquality,'saidamanagerwiththecom-

简介：Somefactorssuchascontinuouspricefallingofrareearthconcentrates,increaseinproductioncostandincreasinginvestmentinsafetyandenvironmentalprotectionpreventedthedevelopmentofminingindustry.Tosafeguardtheinterestsofminingcompaniesandfacilitatethehealthydevelopmentofrareearthindustry,REMiningSocietyofMianningCountyheldageneralmeetingrecently.FollowingresolutionswerepassedonJuly13th:1.SinceJuly14th2005,thelowestprotectivemarketpricesofrareear...

简介：RareearthpriceroseagainassalesheatingupsinceNovember.Sufferedtheoversoldandexperiencedtherecentpositiveandconstantmultiplestimulus,rareearthindustryiswelcomingitsperiodic'turningpoint'.ItisunderstoodthatsomemanufacturersbegantooverhaulinNovemberandtheupstreamproductionwillbereducedcorrespondingly.However,demandsfrommagnetandotherdownstreamindustriesarerelativelystable.Drivenbyrestrictingoutputandnationalreserve,profitabilityofrareearthindustryisexpectedtoimprove.Securities'researchreportsshowthatnationalreserveposedasignificantsupporttorareearthpricesinrecentyears.

简介：ByapplyingtwononlinearGrangercausalitytestingmethodsandrollingwindowstrat-egytoexploretherelationshipbetweenspeculativeactivitiesandcrudeoilprices,theunidirectionalGrangercausalityfromspeculativeactivitiestoreturnsofcrudeoilpricesduringthehighpricephaseisdiscovered.ItisprovedthatspeculativeactivitiesdidcontributetohighcrudeoilpricesaftertheAsianfinancialcrisisandOPEC'soutputcutin1998.TheunidirectionalGrangercausalityfromreturnsofcrudeoilpricestospeculativeactivitiesissignificantingeneral.Butafter2000,withthesharpriseincrudeoilprices,thisunidirectionalGrangercausalitybecameacomplexnonlinearrelationship,whichcannotbedetectedbyanylinearGrangercausalitytest.

简介：中国从严肃的水问题正在经历。在在堤的构造的中国的九主要的河盆之中有许多差别，水库，制约，洪水分泌物工程，洪水转向工程，浇生态的建设，水管理管理，等等。为九条主要的河的水资源的阴影价格能提供建议给中国政府。这篇文章开发价格基于优化模型的amultiperiod输入产量接近的一个动态阴影。不同于以前的途径，新模型基于动态可计算出来的一般平衡(DCGE)解决水资源的边缘的long-termprices的问题的模型。首先，DCGE的定义和算法被详细描述。第二，为在在用国家的水管理input-holding-output的中国的1949-2050的九条主要的河的水资源的阴影价格的结果搁置因为在1999的九条主要的河被列出。这篇文章的Aconclusion是为九条主要的河的水资源的阴影价格大部分基于缺乏的程度。水资源的售价应该经由代表阴影价格的参数的用法被修订。

简介：Thispaperpresentsamethodofconstructingamixedgraphwhichcanbeusedtoanalyzethecausalityformultivariatetimeseries.Weconstructapartialcorrelationgraphatfirstwhichisanundirectedgraph.Foreveryundirectededgeinthepartialcorrelationgraph,themeasuresoflinearfeedbackbetweentwotimeseriescanhelpusdecideitsdirection,thenweobtainthemixedgraph.Usingthismethod,weconstructamixedgraphforfuturessugarpricesinZhengzhou(ZF),spotsugarpricesinZhengzhou(ZS)andfuturessugarpricesinNewYork(NF).Theresultshowsthatthereisabi-directionalcausalitybetweenZFandZS,anunidirectionalcausalityfromNFtoZF,butnocausalitybetweenNFandZS.更多还原