简介：AbstractPrimary palmar hyperhidrosis (PPH) is a pathologic condition of excessive sweating on hands that has adverse impacts on patients' social activity, professional life, and psychological state. Endoscopic thoracic sympathicotomy (ETS) is by far the treatment choice for PPH with the most stable and durable curative effects, but special attention should be given to the side effects of the surgery, especially compensatory hyperhidrosis (CH). This consensus is the second version of the Chinese Expert Consensus on the Surgical Treatment of PPH by the China Expert Committee on Palmar Hyperhidrosis (CECPH), which was published 10 years ago. This consensus emphasizes the need for special attention and careful assessment of the patients’ feelings, as well as their emotional and mental state, and emphasizes that distress due to palmar sweating and the desire for treatment are prerequisites for diagnosis. It also provides a more nuanced delineation of CH and reviews all new attempts to prevent and treat this side effect. New evidence of the epidemiology, pathogenesis of PPH, and indications for surgery were also assessed or recommended.

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简介：目的:探讨在不同表面上跑步对足底压力和胫骨加速度的影响。方法:13位男性跑步者被要求分别在水泥地、塑胶跑道、天然草地、跑步机以及配备EVA缓冲衬垫物的跑步机上以12km/h的速度进行慢跑。用足底压力测试系统和安放在胫骨粗隆的加速度计,记录和分析足底压力与胫骨冲击的特点。结果:第一和第二足底压力峰值(发生时间)、压力时间积分、峰值压力分布在混凝土、塑胶、草地和正常的跑步机的表面间没有明显差异。在5种不同测试表面下,峰值加速度正值也无显著差异。但相比于混凝土表面,在配备EVA缓冲衬垫物的跑步机上跑步能明显减小在冲击阶段的足底压力第一峰值和压力积分(p<0.05)。上述结果可进一步归因为足后跟区域峰值压力下降(P<0.05)。结论:运动表面和下肢冲击之间也许并无必然关系。然而值得注意的是,在解释足底压力的表现及将其运用到陆地表面的跑步运动中时应考虑不同跑步机表面的影响。

简介：摘要ObjectiveTo evaluate the effectiveness of radial extracorporeal shock wave therapy on ankle flexor spasticity in stroke survivors and to reveal changes in the fibroelastic components of muscle.DesignRandomized controlled trial.SettingInpatient neuro-rehabilitation clinic of a university hospital.ParticipantsStroke patients with ankle flexor spasticity.InterventionsPatients were randomized to three groups; radial extracorporeal shock wave therapy, sham, or control. Active and sham therapy were administered two sessions/week for two weeks. All patients received conventional rehabilitation.Main measuresThe primary outcome was Modified Ashworth Scale. Secondary outcomes were the Tardieu Scale and elastic properties of plantar flexor muscles assessed by elastography (strain index). All assessments were performed before, immediately after the treatment, and four weeks later at follow-up.ResultsFifty-one participants were enrolled (active therapy n＝17, sham n＝17, control n＝17). Modified Ashworth scores showed a significant decrease in the active therapy group (from 2.47±0.72 to 1.41±0.62) compared to sham (from 2.19±1.05 to 2.06±1.12) and control (from 2.06±0.85 to 2.00±0.73) groups immediately after the treatment (P<0.001). Tardieu results were also in concordance (P<0.001), however this effect was not preserved at follow-up. Elastic properties of the ankle flexors were improved in all groups at both assessments after the therapy showing significant decreases in strain index (P<0.001). However, there was no difference among the groups in terms of improvement in elastography.ConclusionRadial extracorporeal shock wave therapy has short-term anti-spastic effects on ankle flexor muscles when used as an adjunct to conventional rehabilitation.