简介：无

简介：ＤｅｌｉｖｅｒｉｎｇＲｅｐｒｏｄｕｃｔｉｖｅＨｅａｌｔｈＰｒｏｍｉｓｅｓＫａｒｅｎＨａｒｄｅｅＴｈｅ１９９４ＩｎｔｅｒｎａｔｉｏｎａｌＣｏｎｆｅｒｅｎｃｅｏｎＰｏｐｕｌａｔｉｏｎａｎｄＤｅｖｅｌｏｐｍｅｎｔ（ＩＣＰＤ）ＰｒｏｇｒａｍｍｅｏｆＡｃｔｉｏ...

简介：

简介：

简介：传统地，睾丸激素和雌激素被认为分别地是男、女的性荷尔蒙。然而，estradiol，雌激素的占优势的表格，也在男性功能起一个关键作用。在人的Estradiol为modulating性欲，可勃起的功能，和精子发生是必要的。雌激素受体，以及aromatase，把睾丸激素变换成雌激素的酶，充满大脑，阴茎，和睾丸，为性功能重要的机关。在大脑，estradiol合成在与性唤起有关的区域被增加。在阴茎，另外，雌激素受体在神经与血管的捆附近与高集中在整个阴茎海绵体被发现。低睾丸激素和提高的雌激素独立于对方增加可勃起的机能障碍的发生。在睾丸，精子发生被雌激素在每水平调制，以hypothalamus-pituitary-gonadal轴开始，由Leydig，Sertoli，和细菌房间列在后面，并且与ductal上皮，epididymis，和成熟精子完成。由estradiol的阴囊的房间的规定显示出两个一禁止并且stimulatory影响，显示剂量依赖者并且时间地的一曲复杂交响乐敏感调整。我们在这评论的目标是阐明到由看荷尔蒙的男性功能的estradiol的全面贡献在可勃起的功能，精子发生，和性欲上完成。

简介：

简介：纸在日本总结了生命周期，环境特征和分布ofLarix起源。开花和fruiting和锥收集和种子存储的方法的时间被介绍。为日本落叶松(LarixkaempferiCarr)和Dahurian落叶松(Larixgmeliniivar.japonicaPilger)的种子萌芽和播种时间的对待的方法被讨论。

简介：

简介：Thelinkagebetweenpopulation,reproductivehealth,andpovertyreductionisalwaysanessentialissuetoaddressinanation'sdevelopmentstrategy.Chinaisnoexception.ThispaperwillfirstprovideanupdateddemographicprofileofChina,followedbyasketchofreproductive

简介：AbstractThe lysosome is the most acidic membrane-bound intracellular organelle. Lysosomal acidity is primarily maintained by vacuolar H+-ATPase (V-ATPase) and counter ion channels. There are >60 hydrolytic enzymes in the lysosome for its fundamental digestive role. Lysosomes also play important roles in endocytosis, exocytosis, autophagy, and cell death. Studies that have implicated roles of lysosomes in the female reproductive system are reviewed here. In the ovary, lysosomes are implicated in the preparation of free cholesterol for steroidogenesis and degradation of regulators of steroidogenesis, regulation of follicular atresia, follicle rupture during ovulation, luteal cell survival, and luteal regression. In the oviduct, lysosomes are involved in endocytosis of both serum and oviductal luminal components. In the uterus during the menstrual/estrous cycle, lysosomes are associated with endometrial secretion, apoptosis, and menstruation. In the uterus during early pregnancy, lysosomes are involved in the temporal and directional changes of endocytosis, uterine epithelial acidification upon embryo implantation initiation, and embryo-maternal mutual communications via extracellular vesicles. In the placenta, lysosomes are implicated in nutrient transport and placental separation from the uterus for parturition. In the mammary gland, lysosomes are important for mammary gland development and involution. These findings suggest/demonstrate functions of lysosomes in multiple processes of female reproduction, from ovulation to ovarian steroidogenesis for pregnancy maintenance, and from essential in utero nurturing of developing embryos/fetuses via embryo/fetal-maternal communications, to optional postpartum nurturing of newborns via lactation. Future studies using genetically or modified animal models and pharmacological approaches will provide novel insights into the functions and mechanisms of lysosomes in the mammalian female reproductive system.

简介：对一个新震动的交配混乱方法的最近的描述关于它的可能的申请开了问题控制叶蝉Scaphoideustitanus球到另外的叶蝉害虫。自从为成功的申请是交配行为和联系信号的准确角色的种类的深知识的方法的前提，我们在绿叶蝉EmpoascavitisG上进行了行为的试金?，葡萄藤和其它的一个害虫在欧洲和亚洲收割。单身、配对的个人(男性和女性)的激光振动计记录在一个24h时期期间使我们能检测并且描述2男性和1个女信号。当一个男电话和一句对话的女答复被建立时，对形成开始，然后，它通过2个不同行为的阶段继续：地点和求爱。仅仅当男性找到女性时，合适的求爱开始。后者被一个重要变化在考虑信号和对话结构的时间的参数描绘。尽管男性打电话活动和女性的答复率在24h期间是一样，matings的一个更低的数字在夜里期间被记录。我们作为繁殖成功和交配策略的因素讨论视觉并且种类生态学的可能的角色。我们的结论是机械交配混乱技术为未来申请似乎可行到这种。

简介：RongchengCityisoneofthefirstpilotareasforthefamilyplanningprograminChina.Aftermorethan40yearsofpractice.thecityhasachievedagreatsuccessandgainedvaluableexperiencesinimplementingtheFPprogram.Demographics(1998)Toealpopulation:683,000Marriedwomenofchild...

简介：ＣｈｉｎａＨｏｌｄｓ＇９５ＡｄｖａｎｃｅｄＳｅｍｉｎａｒｓｏｎＲｅｐｒｏｄｕｃｔｉｖｅＨｅａｌｔｈ￥ＸｕＹｉＭａｎｙｓｅｍｉｎａｒｓａｎｄｐａｎｅｌｓｒｅｌａｔｅｄｔｏｒｅｐｒｏｄｕｃｔｉｖｅｈｅａｌｔｈｉｓｓｕｅｓｈａｖｅｂｅｅｎｃｏｎｄｕｃｔｅｄ...

简介：

简介：

简介：AbstractAlthough considerable advances have been made in the field of assisted reproductive technology (ART), millions of couples still suffer from infertility and miscarriage. In a large number of cases, the etiology of these common reproductive failures remains unknown. However, the significance of autoantibodies in infertility and miscarriage has sparked extensive interest because of their pleiotropic roles in disrupting normal pregnancy. This review discusses the pleiotropic roles of a series of autoantibodies in infertility and miscarriage. A brief recapitulation of how the autoantibodies interfere with ART outcomes and treatments for this type of idiopathic infertility or miscarriage is also provided. While several disputes remain to be resolved, further studies employing better designs and larger sample sizes are required in view of the therapeutic potential of autoantibody inhibitors and the future of contraceptive vaccines.

简介：AbstractAssisted reproductive technology (ART) has evolved rapidly over the last 40 years, offering hope to individuals and couples struggling with infertility. As technology continues to evolve, simulating a realistic female reproductive system environment has become a common goal for all types of ARTs, thereby reducing the impact of the artificial microenvironment on perinatal and offspring health. In this review, we provide a brief history of the development of each major ART and discuss the impact of ART on perinatal and offspring health. We also explore how the negative consequences of ART may be overcome and how its benefits can be maximized.

简介：AbstractThe International Society of Reproductive Genetics (ISRG) assembled a workgroup made up of clinicians, clinical laboratory directors, and scientists for the purpose of creating the guidelines for preimplantation genetic testing (PGT). The most up-to-date information and clinical insights for the optimal PGT practice were incorporated in these guidelines. Recommendations are provided for embryologists, medical geneticists, clinical laboratorians, and other healthcare providers to improve the wellbeing of patients seeking assisted reproductive treatment and their offspring.

简介：种子背景率，收益部件和从异国情调的米饭germplasm的169就职的谷物质量特点从40在高温度下面被测试吗？

简介：瞄准：在老鼠把芙蓉sabdariffa(Roselle)和姜officinale(生姜)的保护的效果与导致cisplatin的繁殖毒性作比较并且学习位于这些效果下面的机制。方法：H.sabdariffa或Z.officinale(1g/kgx天)的乙醇摘录被给p.o到男白鼠26天，它在单个cisplatini.p注射(10mg/kg体重)前开始了21天。结果：H.sabdariffa和Z.officinale的摘录减少了导致cisplatin的精子反常的程度并且提高了精子活动性。两篇摘录恢复了malondialdehyde(MDA)的控制水平(类脂化合物每氧化标记)在对待cisplatin的睾丸。导致的cisplatin注射在超级氧化物的层次衰退歧化酶(草皮)，减少的谷胱甘肽(GSH)和过氧化氢酶(猫)显著地被颠倒在cisplatin被H.sabdariffa或Z.officinale的管理先于的组控制层次。结论：H.sabdariffa和Z.officinale处理增加了阴囊的抗氧化剂酶的活动并且恢复了对待cisplatin的老鼠的精子活动性。因此，测试植物的保护的效果被建议被他们的有势力抗氧化剂活动调停。