简介：Animprovedsmoke-wireflowvisualizationtechniqueusingalargecapacitorasthepowersourcewasproposed.Electriccurrentdischargedfromcapacitorswasusedtoheatafinemetalwiresuspendedintheflowfield.Theoildropletsattachedtothewirewerevaporizedandsmokefilamentsfollowedtheflowmotions.Adigitalcamerawasusedtorecordtheimagesofthesmokefilaments.Theactionsofdischargingandcamerashutterweretriggeredbysignalsfromamicrocontrollertoensuretheaccuratetiming.Clearimagesofthestreaklineswerecapturedatafreestreamvelocityupto12.9m/s,muchhigherthanthelimitsoftheexistingtechniques.

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简介：AbstractThirdhand smoke (THS), the residual tobacco smoke remaining in the environment after tobacco has been smoked, represents a hidden and underestimated public health hazard. Evidence supports its widespread presence in indoor environments. Exposure to secondhand smoke (SHS), a precursor of THS, has been well documented as a risk factor for human cancers, especially lung cancer. However, the concept of THS as a distinct entity that poses health risks for small children has developed only recently and the associations of THS with cancer risk and other chronic diseases are poorly understood due to limited numbers of studies to date. In this perspective, we mainly summarize all published studies on the genotoxicity and carcinogenic potential of THS exposure. These studies begin to fill the knowledge gap in our understanding of cancer risk of THS. Accumulating data from existing and future studies will help reduce the tobacco-related cancer incidence through changes in lifestyle and tobacco control policies.

简介：目的将评估可行性和由K电线和紧张乐队电线固定对待sternoclavicular关节脱臼的治疗学的效果，并且改进这种技术的安全和稳定性。这研究与平均数由9个盒子，6男性和3女性组成了的方法25年变老(范围，9-62年)。原因是在7种情况中的交通事故，掉在在1种情况中的1种情况和战斗里。到操作的从损害的持续时间是到7天的2个小时。有5左脱臼和4正确脱臼；8前面的脱臼和1以后的脱臼，包括一个与左olecranon骨折与左肩胛骨折和破裂结合了。用K电线和紧张乐队电线的开的减小和内部固定被执行对待脱臼。结果所有病人被跟随在上面为6～24个月，10个月平均。根据Rockwood手术后的sternoclavicular关节上的等级规模，8个盒子与13.88的一个平均分数完成了优秀结果，并且剩余的盒子与12的分数完成了好结果。解剖减小在所有情况中被获得。象严重感染没有如此的手术后的复杂并发症，对血容器和神经的损害，固定的失败，等等。病人们都对解剖减小和功能的恢复满意。K电线和紧张乐队电线固定的技术是保险箱的结论，简单，有效，不太侵略并且成功地在矫形外科被使用了。它在尽管它有一些劣势，对待sternoclavicular关节脱臼是有效的。

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简介：N-nitrosaminesarestrongcarcinogensforhumans.Thispapergivesanoverviewofthenitrosmainesincigarettesmokeincludingtheformation,theharmfulness,theanalyticalmethodsofthenitrosmainesandtheadsorptionsanddegradationsofN-nitrosamines.

简介：TheBeijingJingchuIndustryGeneralCo.isafamousenterpriseproducingkitchenutensilsandhouseholdelectricalappliances.TheJingchubrandenergysavingoilandsmokeexhausterproducedbythecompanyismadeofimportedmaterialswithoverseasadvancedtechnologyforproductionandmeasurement.Allindexeshavereachedthedomesticadvancedlevel.Theexhausterisequippedwithan

简介：What'sthefirstthingtocometomindwhenthinkingofCuba?-Sugar?Rum?Caribbeanbeauties?-Possibly,butmorelikelyit'soneoflife'sultimateluxuries:highqualitycigars.Imaginespendingcloseto300kuaionastickoftobacco,onlytoseeitgoupinsmokewithinlessthananhour!

简介：Withthickplatesof2219high-strengthalloy,themicrostructuresofweldedjointswithtwinwireMIGweldingwereanalyzed.Experimentalresultsshowthatnohotcrackwasfoundintheweldduetodiscontinuousdistributionofcocrystallizationwithlowmeltingtemperature,butporosityisseriousinthefirstweldseamthatismainlycomposedofequiaxialgrainswithunevensizes.Asthepoorpositionofthewholeweldedjoint,fusionzonehasbigandcoarsegrains,unevenmicrostructures;Inquenchingzone,thereexistalotofsoakedmicrostructuresthatcocrystallizationwithlowmeltingtemperaturesoluteintomatrix,thusstrengtheningthemetalinthiszone;Inexcessiveagingzone,muchmorephasesthatdistributeevenlywillbeseparatedfromthematrix;Outsidethiszone,propertiesandmicrostructuresofthemetalarebasicallysimilartomatrixduetotherelativelylowtemperatureorunaffectedheatinthezoneduringwelding.

简介：为一艘通用护卫舰的exhaust烟分散通过管理液体流动，精力，种类和骚乱方程的数字答案数字地被调查。这个工作的主要目的是在exhaust烟的分散上获得yaw角度，速度比率和快活的效果。数字方法基于充分椭圆形的海军司烧方程的充分保存的控制卷表示。骚乱被建模用一二方程(k-?)模型。用在风隧道的护卫舰的一个1/100规模模型的流动可视化测试也被执行决定exhaust羽毛路径并且验证计算结果。结果显示出那在下面洗现象为在蠄=10掳和20掳之间的yaw角度发生。结果与不同用尽快活效果与增加exhaust气体温度增加的煤气的温度表演。然而，它在羽毛上升的效果与它的动量比较是不太重要的。在预言和实验结果之间的一个好协议被获得。

简介：摘要：本文主要研究了机外排气活门SMOKE模式的工作条件和原理；并且根据原理分析了AMM手册中对活门的测试步骤

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简介：Spreadoffiresmokeintheelevatorshaftofahigh-risebuildingisinfluencedbymanydrivingfacts.Wesimulatesmokespreadingintheelevatorshaft,stairroom,andpre-chamberwithandwithoutdifferentsuppliedpressurizedair.Thesimulationshowsthatsmokemovesveryfastintheelevatorshaft.Whena12floorhigh-risebuildingisinfire,smokecanfilluptheelevatorshaftinlessthan1.5minafterafirestarted,temperatureintheelevatorshaftcanbehigherthan187?Cin5min,andtheconcentrationofCOcanalsoreachahighlevel.Theelevatorshafthasaverylowvisibilityinlessthanabout100s.

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简介：TheprocesspropertiesandinterfacebehaviorofCO2laserbrazingwithautomaticwirefeedforgalvanizedsteelsheetswereinvestigated,inwhichthebrazingfillermetalwasCuSi3andnofluxwasused.Astotheappearancequalityofthebrazingseams,therolesoftheprocessingparameters,suchasbrazingspeed,wirefeedingrate,inclinationandfeedingdirectionofthewire,laserpower,spotdiameterandheatingposition,wereassessed.ThefurtherinvestigationindicatesthatthebehavioroftheactiveelementsSi,MnandZnaresignificantlyinfluencedbyenergyinput.Attheinterface,themicrostructureofthebasemetalwascomposedofcolumnarcrystalsandtheacicalarαsolidsolutionwasfoundonthefillermetalside.

简介：IntroductionThedevelopmentofacompositeoverheadgroundwirewithopticalfiber(OPGW)bytheShanghaiElectricCableResearchInsti-tutionisoneofthemajortaskssetupfortheSeventhFiveYearPlan.ThefeasibilitystudiesofthestructureanddesignofOPGWwasfinishedin1985.In1986,thesampleofOPGW60/80waspreparedandthetypetestswereconducted.Theevaluationofthesamplein

简介：Themachine,asilvermedalwinnerfromthestate,isproducedbytheChangfengMachineryGeneralFactory.TheproductshavebeensoldintheUK,Poland,Australia,Thailand,Singapore,