简介：ThestructuresofPb(ZrxTi1-x)O3/YBCOheterostructurewithdifferentthicknessofPZTsublayerwereinvestigated.Thelatticeparameter,cofYBCOlayerisobtainedtobec=11.686±0.001A.beingof0.2%largerthanthatofthebulkone.Thelatticeparameter,cofPZTlayerisc=4.116±0.001A,indicatingthatthecompositionofthesampleisPb(Zr0.48Ti0.52)O3.ThemisorientationsofYBCO/PZTsublayerswereobservedinthesamplesBandD.TheeffectofthecrystallinequalityoftheSTOsubstrateothequalityoftheYBCOandPZTepitaxialfllmswasdiscussed.

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简介：Thispaperisthesecondinatwo-partseriesthatdiscussestheprincipalaxesofM-DOFstructuressubjectedtostaticanddynamicloads.Theprimarypurposeofthisseriesistounderstandthemagnitudeofthedynamicresponseofstructurestoenablebetterdesignofstructuresandresponsemodificationdevices/systems.Underidealizeddesignconditions,thestructuralresponsesareobtainedbyusingsingledirectioninputgroundmotionsinthedirectionoftheintendedresponsemodificationdevices/systems,andbyassumingthattheresponsesofthestructureisdecoupleableinthreemutuallyperpendiculardirections.Thisstandardpracticehasbeenappliedtobothnewandretrofittedstructuresusingvariousseismicprotectivesystems.Verylimitedinformationisavailableontheeffectsofneglectingtheimpactofdirectionalcouplings(crosseffectsofwhichtorsionisacomponent)ofthedynamicresponseofstructures.Inordertoquantifysucheffects,itisnecessarytoexaminetheprincipalaxesofstructuresunderbothstaticanddynamicloading.Inthistwo-partseries,thefirstpaperisconcernedwithstaticloading,whichprovidesdefinitionsandfundamentalformulations,withtheconclusionthatcrosseffectsofastaticallyloadedM-DOFstructureresultingfromthelackofprincipalaxesareofinsignificantmagnitude.However,underdynamicorearthquakeloading,arelativelysmallamountofenergytransferredacrossperpendiculardirectionsisaccumulated,whichmayresultinsignificantenlargementofthestructuralresponse.ThispaperdealswithaformulationtodefinetheprincipalaxesofM-DOFstructuresunderdynamicloadinganddevelopsquantitativemeasurestoidentifycrosseffectsresultingfromthenon-existenceofprincipalaxes.

简介：Principalstressaxesrotationinfluencesthestress-strainbehaviorofsandunderwaveloading.Aconstitutivemodelforsand,whichconsidersprincipalstressorientationandisbasedongeneralizedplasticitytheory,isproposed.Thenewmodel,whichemploysstressinvariantsandadiscretememoryfactorduringreloading,isoriginalbecauseitquantifiesmodelparametersusingexperimentaldata.Foursetsofhollowtorsionexperimentswereconductedtocalibratetheparametersandpredictthecapabilityoftheproposedmodel,whichdescribestheeffectsofprincipalstressorientationonthebehaviorofsand.Theresultsprovetheeffectivenessoftheproposedcalibrationmethod.

简介：FIA广泛地被使用超过一十年了解开变丑和变形难题。因为在岩石中的组合layering总是重新激活多重变丑在哪儿发生了，Orogenic处理在历史或orogenesis挑战科学家期间早发展，几乎不离开在矩阵保存的生叶开发的历史的小证据。在科罗拉多的落基山脉的山麓丘陵，美国如果porphyroblasts没在影响了这些岩石的多重变丑事件期间成长或如果他们旋转了，当这些事件发生了，包含一直不是可区分的四个FIA集合(趋势)的继任。当变丑继续了，他们表明两变丑和isograds的地点划分显著地变化了。

简介：ConstraintsfromP-Tpseudosections(MnNCKFMASHsystem),foliationintersection/inflectionaxespreservedinporphyroblasts(FIAs),mineralassemblagesandtexturalrelationshipsforrockscontainingallthreeAl2SiO5polymorphsindicateakyanite→andalusite→sillimanitesequentialformationatdifferenttimesratherthanstablecoexistenceattheAl2SiO5triplepoint.AllthreeAl2SiO5polymorphsgrewintheChl,Bt,Ms,Grt,St,PlandCrdbearingOrdovicianClayholeSchistinBalcooma,northeasternAustraliaseparatelyalongaloopedP-T-t-Dpaththatswapsfromclockwisetoanticlockwiseinthetectono-metamorphichistoryoftheregion.KyanitegrewduringcrustalthickeninginanEarlySilurianOrogeniceventfollowedbydecompression/heating,andalusiteandfibroliticsillimanitegrowthduringEarlyDevonianexhumation.