简介:Thispaperprovesthat,underthehypothesisg(t,0,0)≡0andsomenaturalassumptions,thegeneratorgofabackwardstochasticdifferentialequationcanbeuniquelydeterminedbythecorrespondingg-expectationswithallterminalconditions.ThemainresultofthispaperalsoconfirmsandextendsPengShige'sconjecture.
简介:<正>FewWesternersknowmuchaboutPakistanbeyondmediareportsofIslamicfundamentalism,communalviolenceandmartiallaw,butitcontainssomeofAsia’smostmind-blowinglandscapes,extraordinarytrekkingopportunities,amultitudeofculturesandalongtraditionofhospitality.TheChina’sneighbouringcountryisthesiteofsomeoftheearliesthumansettlements,hometoanancientcivilisationrivallingthoseofEgyptandMesopotamia,andthecrucibleoftwooftheworld’smajorreligions,HinduismandBuddhism.You’llsurelygetmorethanwhatyouexpectedthere..
简介:Thisresearchaimstotestthehousingpricedynamicswhenconsideringheterogeneousboundedlyrationalexpectationssuchasnaiveexpectation,adaptiveexpectationandbiasedbelief.Thehousingmarketisinvestigatedasanevolutionarysystemwithheterogeneousandcompetingexpectations.Theresultsshowthatthedynamicsoftheexpectedhousingpricevariessubstantiallywhenheterogeneousexpectationsareconsideredtogetherwithsomeotherendogenousfactors.Simulationresultsexplainsomestylizedphenomenasuchasequilibriumoroscillation,convergenceordivergence,andover-shootingorunder-shooting.Furthermore,theresultssuggestthatvariationoftheproportionofgroupsofagentsisbasicallydependentontheselectedstrategies.Italsoindicatesthatcontrolpoliciesshouldbechosencarefullyinconsistencewithauniquerealestatemarketduringauniqueperiodsincecertainparameterportfoliomayincreaseorsuppressoscillation.
简介:Itisprovedthataprobabilitymeasureisdominatedbyg-expectationεμ[·]ifandonlyifitcanbegeneratedbyGirsanovtransformationviaaprocesswhichisuniformlyboundedbyμ.
简介:Thisstudyusestheruraltouristmotivationscaletomeasurethemotivations,expectations,andsatisfactionofnearly200ruraltouristsinfiveareasofHainan,Chinabyimportance-PerformanceAnalysis(IPA)andfactoranalysis.Theresultsshowthatthemainmotivationforparticipatinginruraltourismistobeclosetonature,improvefamilyrela-tionshipandrelaxation.Touristsarehighlysatisfiedwiththelandscapeandpastoralviewsaswellasthefriendlinessofthelocalpeopleandhotels.Theresultsalsoshowthatthesamplepeoplemostcareabouteasyparkingandreasonableprices,andtheyexpectethnicfestivalsandfarmlifeexperiences.Besidestheenvironment,facilities,recreationalactivitiesandpsychologicalexperienceofruraltourism,theoverallsatisfactionishigh.Theresultsofthisstudycanbeusedbylocalgovernmentleadersaswellasthetourismindustrytodevisewaystopromoteandimproveruraltourism.
简介:SomecharacterizationsoftheconditionalexpectationoperatorsonLebesgue-BochnerspacesL_p(μ,X)aregiven,where1≤p<∞,p≠2.AlsoanexampleisgiventoshowthatthecharacterizationsoftheconditionalexpectationoperatorsonL_p(μ,X)aredifferentfromthatonL_p(μ)_zFinally,arepresentationoftheconstant-preservingcontractiveprojectiononspacesL_p(μ,X)isgotwhen0
简介:鉴于在医药图象的固有的点缀噪音,一个点缀减小方法基于一个期望最大化他们框架被建议。首先,in-phase/quadratureI/Q超声图象的真实部件被提取。然后,盲目地估计点散布了成像系统的函数PSF被用来。基于他们框架,最后,在维纳过滤器和各向异性的散开广告之间轮流出现的一个反复的算法被利用生产despeckled图象。比较实验被执行在上模仿并且在vivo超声图象。关于I/Q图象,建议方法平均由1.94和7.52的因素改进speckle-signal-to-noise比率S-SNR和图象的边保藏索引,这被显示出。同时,它平均由3.95的因素减少规范的摆平平均数的错误NMSE。模拟并且在vivo结果显示建议方法比退出的有更好全面的表演。
简介:Theratioofexpectationcrossingsofdielectricelastomerballoonexcitedbyrandompressureisanalyticallyevaluatedinthisletter.TheMooney–RivlinmodelisadoptedtodescribetheconstitutiverelationwhiletherandompressureisdescribedbyGaussianwhitenoise.Throughaspecifictransformation,thestochasticdifferentialequationsforthetotalenergyandphasearederived.Withtheapplicationofthestochasticaveraging,thesystemtotalenergyisthenapproximatedbyaone-dimensionaldiffusionprocess.SolvingtheassociatedFokker–Planck–Kolmogorov(FPK)equationyieldsthestationaryprobabilitydensityofthesystemtotalenergy.Theratioofexpectationcrossingsisthenderivedbasedonthejointstationaryprobabilitydensityofstretchratioanditsratioofchange.TheefficacyandaccuracyoftheproposedprocedureareverifiedbycomparingwiththeresultsfromMonteCarlosimulation(MCS).
简介:在上面提到的由消费明星做的那些广告中,明星做广告,由消费明星把消费伦理宣扬得赤裸裸的莫过于王志文做的"派"牌服装广告