简介:Ithasbeenlongarguedthattheconfinementcouldbeexplainedbymonopolecondensation,throughthedualMeissnereffect(Numbu,Mendelstain,tHooft,Polyakov)~9[1,2]).Thedual-superconductorpictureofconfinement,relysonthecondensationofmonopole-monopolepairs.DuetothedualMeissnereffect,thefieldbetweentwocoloredsourceswouldbesqueezedintoafluxtube(string)withenergyproportionaltoitslength.Tostudytheproblem,wehavetofindsomenewclue.
简介:对在量chromodynamics(QCD)的nonperturbative政体的夸克动力学的描述的一条计量器不变的途径的主要方面首先被考察。在构造计量器不变的草地功能的平行运输操作的角色然后被介绍,并且为相互作用的表示的威尔森环的关联被强调。基于为平行运输操作的多角形的线的使用,最近的开发被介绍。一个integro微分的方程,为沿着一个单身者,与一个阶段因素定义的夸克草地功能获得了直线片断,确切被解决并且在在large-Nc限制的二维的QCD的情况中的经分解。解决方案为夸克显示动态集体产生现象,与比简单的杆强壮的分支切割奇特的一个无限的数字。
简介:Theneutralgaspressurenearplasmaordivertorplatesisveryimportantfortheplasma-wallinteraction,whichdeterminetheoperationmodeofdivertomandconfinementperformancesofplasmaintokamaks.Thecommercialionizationgaugedoesnotworkinstrongmagneticfieldandnoisyenviromentencounteredintokamaks.Themeasuringerromofpressurecommercialionizationareverylargebythegaugemountedonthepumpingsystemorthroughalongpipetothevacuumvessel.Anewionizationgauge,
简介:ACENTRALLIMITTHEOREMFORLATTICEGAUGEGIBBSRANDOMFIELDSCHENDONGQING(陈冬青)(DepartmentofAppliedMathematics,TsinghuaUniversity,Beiji...
简介:AgeneralizedYang-Millsmodel,whichcontains,besidesthevectorpartVμ,alsoascalarpartS,isconstructedandthedynamicalbreakingofgaugesymmetryinthemodelisalsodiscussed.Itisshown,intermsofNambu-Jona-Lasinio(NJL)mechanism,thatthegaugesymmetrybreakingcanberealizeddynamicallyinthegeneralizedYang-Millsmodel.ThecombinationofthegeneralizedYang-MillsmodelandtheNJLmechanismprovidesawaytoovercomethedifficultiesrelatedtotheHiggsfieldandtheHiggsmechanismintheusualspontaneoussymmetrybreakingtheory.
简介:AIMTo评估安全和27计量器(27G)的功效侧面为有跟随27GPPV的各种各样的vitreoretinal疾病的61只眼睛(58个病人)的临床的结果是的各种各样的vitreoretinaldiseases.METHODSThe的治疗的同等planavitrectomy(PPV)回顾地,reviewed.RESULTSSurgical指示包括了rhegmatogenous网膜的分开(n=24),完整厚度的有斑点的洞(n=12),糖尿病的retinopathy(n=11),玻璃的出血(n=6),Eales疾病(n=4),病理学近视相关玻璃吝啬的后续是166.4牵敧祲刮卅?協桔???????????????挠灡?潬潴祭?????????????????????????浥瑡硯汹湩攭獯湩?€浩畭潮汦潵敲'諟I????????吗???????????????
简介:当界限状态由instantaneousBethe-Salpeter(BS)是描述得好的时,我们精确为在二个界限状态之间的转变导出“严密即时明确的表达”方程(即方程的核“偶尔”是即时的)。事实上,Theobtained严密即时明确的表达被表示为当减少的BS波浪工作出现在明确的表达时,“二个减少的BS波浪函数”适当地夹的一个操作符是即时BS方程的严密解决方案,并且他们可以正直地联系toSchroedinger波浪函数。我们也证明严密即时明确的表达关于U_(他们)(1)是计量器不变的转变精确,如果担心的转变是放射的。明确的表达的一些应用被构画出。
简介:-Measuringmulti-directionalwaveswiththewavegaugearrayisoneofthefundamentalandeasilyrealisedmethods.Inthispaper,thewavegaugearrayisdescribedandtheeffectsofthegaugespacing,thearrayorientations,etc.ofthethreearrayarrangements,i.e.,lineararray,T-typearrayandpentagonarray,ontheresolutionofthedirectionalspreadingofwaves,areinvestigatedexperimentally.Thisstudycanbeusedasareferenceintheexperimentalstudyandthefieldmeasurementofdirectionalwaves.
简介:Anewmethodfordeterminingthepartialmeltingdepthofmantle-derivedmagmaandlithosphericthicknessincontinentalregionsisderivedfromREEgeochemistry.ThiseffectivetechniqueusesvariationsintheCe/YbandSm/YbratiosfoundinmainlyvolcanicrocksincontinentalChina.TheratioschangewiththedepthoforiginconsistentwiththecorrelationbetweenlithosphericthicknessandtheCe/YbandSm/Ybratiosfoundinoceanicbasalt.Theseratiosincreaseexponentiallywiththedepthoforigin,thelithosphericthickness,ofawidevarietyofCenozoicvolcanicbasaltandPaleozoickimberliteintheNorthChinaCraton,northeasternChinacontinentandvicinity.Thisfunctionalrelationshipwithdepthisshowninaplotoftheratiosthatformsaconcordiacurve,whichiscloselyexpressedbyformulasusing8-degreepolynomials.Theseprovideamoreaccurategageinmeasuringthelithosphericthicknessthanthetraditionalgeophysicalmethods.Whenappliedtovolcanicrockofdifferentagesitalsorevealshowthethicknesshaschangedovertimeandthus,greatlyaidstheunderstandingofthetectonichistory.RelationsbetweentheCO2content,mineralreactionsandpressureintheupperasthenospherebeneaththebaseofthelithosphereappearstoaffecttheproportionsofREEinpartialmeltsandbringsaboutaclosecorrelationbetweenlithosphericthicknessandtheCe/YbandSm/Ybratiosinmantle-derivedmagmaticrock.Thisthicknessgauge,forbothcontinentalandoceaniclithosphere,providesanewapproachinanalyzingthelithosphericthicknessindifferenttectonicsettingsandgeologictimes.
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简介:这份报纸为在全球规模从计量器观察,卫星估计(SE),和数字预言合并每日的降水信息描述策略。策略被设计把全身的偏爱和随机的错误从每单个每日的降水来源移开生产通过三的全球每日的降水产品走的更好的gridded。首先,匹配过程的累积分发功能被执行在定位计量器的陆地区域上移开全身的偏爱。然后,在在海洋区域上的SE和模型预言(MP)的全面偏爱基于每月的降水用重新可伸缩的策略被改正。第三,最佳的插值(OI)基于合并计划(作为HL-OI计划参考了)被用来联合从每来源减少随机的错误并且生产一个gaugesatellite模型的不偏的计量器观察,SE,和MP合并每日的降水分析,叫的BMEP-d(北京气候中心把降水的评价与每日的分辨率合并了),与完全的全球范围。从一个四年的时期(2011-14)的BMEP-d数据表明合并策略的能力提供实质地改进的质量的全球每日的降水。为量的错误得益于HL-OI计划的优点估计,更好的来源数据能在合并进程期间获得更多的重量。BMEP-d数据展览有在中间、低的纬度的卫星和计量器来源数据,并且与在高纬度的模型来源数据的更高的一致性。总的来说,对GPCP-1DD(GPCP一个度日报)的独立确认证明在BMEP-d和GPCP-1DD之间的一致性以空间模式,时间的可变性,概率分发,和统计降水事件比每来源数据集的那些高。
简介:AIM:Toreportthecytologyresultsof25-gaugetransconjunctival(25G-TSV)diagnosticvitrectomyincasessuspiciousforintraocularlymphoma(IOL),andcomparetheresultstothosereportedintheliterature.METHODS:Clinicalandcytopathologicalrecordsof18vitreousbiopsyspecimensobtainedvia25G-TSVdiagnosticvitrectomyin12patientssuspiciousforIOLwerereviewedretrospectively.Areviewoftheliteratureinregardstothediagnosticyieldsofvitreousspecimensobtainedvia25-gaugeand20-gaugediagnosticvitrectomyinsuspectedcasesofIOLwasperformed.RESULTS:Eighteeneyesfrom12patientswithclinicalsuspicionofIOLunderwentdiagnostic25G-TSV.ThecytopathologicalinvestigationsdemonstratedIOLin15eyes(83.3%).Vitreousanalysiswasnon-diagnosticin3eyes(16.7%).CONCLUSION:Twenty-five-gaugediagnosticvitrectomyyieldsadequatesampleforcytologicalevaluationofthevitreousincasessuspiciousforIOL.Thediagnosticresultsofthe25G-TSVinthecurrentstudyaresuperiortothosereportedfor20-gaugevitrectomybutequivalenttothosereportedfor25G-TSVinthepublishedliterature.