简介:为降低船舶的质量重心、提高航速,某型船上层建筑首次采用铝合金材料。以往铝合金材质的上层建筑与钢质主船体采用铆钉连接,现已逐渐被钢铝过渡接头所替代,其优点为采用焊接工艺、水密性好、耐腐蚀,还使得建造工艺大为简化,但在实际建造中出现了钢铝过渡接头分层的质量问题,直接影响船舶质量。对此,阐述如何从钢铝过渡接头特性出发,对钢铝过渡接头分层的原因进行分析,对钢铝过渡接头之间的焊接接头连接形式以及钢铝过渡接头与钢质主船体、铝合金上层建筑的连接形式进行优化;控制钢铝过渡接头焊接时焊点的厚度,焊接时不超过钢铝复合界面,且焊接点与钢铝复合界面的距离>3mm;控制复合界面临界温度,焊接过程中界面温度应低于临界温度,并留有安全裕度。通过优化钢铝过渡接头连接结构形式及焊接工艺规则,掌握了解决钢铝过渡接头分层原因的关键技术。
简介:GiventherecentsuccessinthedevelopmentofseveralsubmersiblesinChina,people’sinterestinthehistoryofsubmersibledevelopmentisincreasing.ThispaperpresentsthehistoryofsubmersibledevelopmentinChina,whichcanbebrieflydividedintothreeperiods.Thefirstoneistheearlyperiodofhardship(1971–2000).ManyprototypesubmersiblesofHOVs,ROVs,andAUVsweredevelopedatthistime,butthemainachievementwastheestablishmentofspecialresearchorganizationsandthetrainingofresearchanddevelopmentpersonnel.Thesecondperiodcanberegardedasthequickdevelopmentperiod(2001–2015).Allcurrentlyusedsubmersiblesweredevelopedduringthisperiod.Themostremarkableachievementwasthesuccessfuldevelopmentof7000m-deepmannedsubmersibleBJiaolong.^Thethirdperiodaimstodevelop11000msubmersiblesforchallengingthefulloceandepth(2016–2020).Inthisperiod,twounmannedsubmersiblesandtwomannedsubmersibleswillbethesignificantindicatorsofachievement.Ifthis5-yearplancanbesuccessfullycompleted,Chinacanplayasignificantroleintheinvestigationofthedeepestpartoftheoceans,namely,thehadaltrenches(6500–11000m).