简介：基于斯特林制冷式4×288元光伏型碲镉汞二维探测器,根据红外扫描成像系统原理,设计了一个扫描型长波红外连续变焦光学系统。根据系统指标要求对光学指标进行分解计算及光学优化设计得到系统的光学参数和外形结构图,并对扫描光学系统的冷反射进行分析优化。该光学系统采用三次成像的结构,由变焦望远镜组、扫描摆镜、中继镜组、成像镜组4部分组成,包含9片透镜和2片反射镜。为了降低校正色差成本,系统使用了硫系玻璃镜片。光学仿真结果表明：系统在耐奎斯特频率处的全视场光学传递函数大于0.35,全视场畸变小于2%。最后,对系统进行了成像实验验证,结果表明：该系统可以实现30.8-154mm范围内连续变焦,变焦过程中目标景物清晰,细节分辨率高,无冷反射现象出现,该系统具有分辨率高、热灵敏度高、像质清晰等特点。

简介：Westudythegeneralrepresentationsofpositivepartialtranspose(PPT)statesinCKCMCN.ForthePPTstateswithrank-Nacanonicalformisobtained,fromwhichasufficientseparabilityconditionispresented.

简介：扫描光刻技术是目前实现大口径压缩光栅等位相元件制作的一种有效方案，该技术考虑到大尺寸加工的困难，采用先小尺寸加工，然后连续扫描扩大加工区域的方法，既能保证大尺寸加工和较高精度，又能降低设备制作成本和难度，具有明显的优越性。扫描光刻技术中需要发展超精密检测和超精密定位装置以保证移动光刻过程能够得到精密的控制，特别是10^-6级的相对精度的控制。图1显示了XY超精密平台的测量定位系统。

简介：研究了不同风速下激光辐照C/C复合材料的氧化速率,利用温度场计算结果,结合氧气在空气中的传质速率,计算了激光辐照下C/C复合材料氧化放热.结果表明,在亚音速的风速下,氧化对C/C复合材料烧蚀的贡献很小,因此,作为激光防护材料,可以忽略C/C复合材料在激光辐照期间的氧化烧蚀.

简介：在“强光一号”加速器上,对LM7805型电源芯片和EE80C196KC20型单片机进行了脉冲γ辐照效应实验研究,获得了单片机的闩锁阈值,并得到了单片机和电源芯片的扰动时间随剂量率的变化规律,从实验上证实了电源芯片对单片机脉冲γ辐照闩锁效应的抑制作用.

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简介：Anenvironmentallyfriendlyprecursor,adenosine,hasbeenusedasadualsourceofCandNtosynthesizenitrogen-dopedcarboncatalystwith/withoutFe.Ahydrothermalcarbonizationmethodhasbeenusedandwateristhecarbonizationmedia.Themorphologyofsampleswith/withoutFecomponenthasbeencomparedbyHRTEM,andtheresultshowsthatFecanpromotethegraphitizationofcarbon.Furtherelectro-chemicaltestshowsthattheoxygenreductionreaction(ORR)catalyticactivityofFe-containingsample(C–FeN)ismuchhigherthanthatoftheFe-freesample(C–N).Additionally,theintermediatesofC–FeNformedduringeachsyntheticprocedurehavebeenthoroughlycharacterizedbymultiplemethods,andthefunctionofeachprocedurehasbeendiscussed.TheC–FeNsampleexhibitshighelectro-catalyticstabilityandsuperiorelectro-catalyticactivitytowardORRinalkalinemedia,withitshalf-wavepotential20mVlowerthanthatofcommercialPt/C(40wt%).Itisfurtherincorporatedintoalkalinepolymerelectrolytefuelcell(APEFC)asthecathodematerialandledtoapowerdensityof100mW/cm~2.

简介：Variousagriculturalcropresiduesincludingcornstover,corncob,andsorghumstalkwithamoisturecontentof75wt%weresubjectedtoalongpretreatment(12-60h)withsupercriticalCO2(scCO2),atlowtemperature(50-80℃)andapressureof17.5-25.0Mpa.Thesugaryieldsfromtheenzymatichydrolysis(EH)ofthepretreatedsampleswereasmuchasthree-tofourfoldgreaterthanthoseaffordedbytherawmaterials.However,whenpretreatmentwasconductedwithinashorttime(e.g.0.5h),aspreviouslyreportedintheliterature,onlyaslightincreaseintheEHsugaryieldswasobserved.TheproposedscCO2pretreatmentmechanismdemonstratedtheroleofmoistureinthesystem.Wetting,softening,andswellingwereobservedtomainlyaffectthelignocellulosewhenasuitableamountofwaterwasadded.Finally,thesampleswereanalysedbyX-raydiffractionandscanningelectronmicroscopy,beforeandafterpretreatment,toinvestigatethechangesinthemicroscopicstructureofthebiomass.

简介：分子的动态模拟被执行在交流上调查事件精力的效果:从C和H的H电影生长原子流动。我们的模拟证明在低事件精力(1eV)的电影生长被H和C原子的吸附统治。在中等事件精力(10和20eV)，有在表面吸附的H原子的事件H原子的抽象反应变得重要。在高事件精力(30和40eV)，交流:H电影生长是一个二拍子的圆舞过程：一个人是吸附和C原子的浅培植，并且其它是H原子的深培植。[从作者抽象]

简介：Anovelgas-phaseelectrocatalyticcellcontainingalow-temperatureprotonexchangemembrane(PEM)wasdevelopedtoelectrochemicallyconvertCO2intoorganiccompounds.TwodifferentCu-basedcathodecatalysts(CuandCu-C)werepreparedbyphysicalvapordepositionmethod(sputtering)andsubsequentlyemployedforthegas-phaseelectroreductionofCO2atdifferenttemperatures(70-90℃).ThepreparedelectrodesCuandCu-CwerecharacterizedbyX-raydiffraction(XRD),X-rayphotoemissionspectroscopy(XPS)andscanningelectronmicroscopy(SEM).Asrevealed,CuispartiallyoxidizedonthesurfaceofthesamplesandtheCuandCu-Ccathodiccatalystswerecomprisedofaporous,continuous,andhomogeneousfilmwithnanocrystallineCuwithagrainsizeof16and8nm,respectively.Theinfluenceoftheappliedcurrentandtemperatureontheelectro-catalyticactivityandselectivityofthesematerialswasinvestigated.Amongthetwoinvestigatedelectrodes,thepureCucatalystfilmshowedthehighestCO2specificelectrocatalyticreductionratesandhigherselectivitytomethanolformationcomparedtotheCu-Celectrode,whichwasattributedtothehigherparticlesizeoftheformerandlowerCuO/Curatio.Theobtainedresultsshowpotentialinterestforthepossibleuseofelectrical「enewableenergyforthetransformationofCO2intovaluableproductsusinglowmetalloadingCubasedelectrodes(0.5mgCucm2)preparedbysputtering.

简介：Carbon-supportedPdnanoparticleswerepreparedbymicrowaveheating-glycolreductionmethod,andcharacterizedbyawidearrayofexperimentaltechniquesincludingX-raydiffractionspectroscopy(XRD)andtransmissionelectronmicroscopy(TEM).TheelectrooxidationbehaviorsofethanolonthePd/Celectrodeinalkalinemediawereinvestigatedusingcyclicvoltammetry(CV),chronoamperometry(CA),electrochemicalimpedancespectroscopy(EIS)andsinglecellperformancemethods.Pd/Celectrodeforethanoloxidationshowedhighelectro-catalyticactivityandlongtermstability.However,itisobservedthatthecurrentdensitydecreaseswiththeincreasingofthepotentialandnegativeimpedancepresentsinthepotentialfrom-0.1to0.1V.Thedecreasingcurrentdensityandthenegativeimpedancecouldbeduetotheadsorbedintermediatesspeciesthatinhibitedthefurtheroxidationofethanol.BasedonthechemicalreactionanalysisandEISspectra,equivalentcircuitsrelatingtovariouspotentialzoneshavebeenobtained.TheseresultsrevealthedynamicadsorptionofintermediatesspeciesonPdsurfaces.Significantly,itisclarifiedthattheadsorptionbehaviorbeginsfromthemaximumcatalysisofelectro-catalysisandendsintheformationofthepalladium(II)oxidelayerontheelectrodesurface.

简介：TheCprogramminglanguageisexpressiveandflexible,butnotsafe;asitsexpressivepowerandflexibilityareobtainedthroughunsafelanguagefeatures,andimproperuseofthesefeaturescanleadtoprogrambugswhosecausesarehardtoidentify.SinceCiswidelyused,anditisimpracticaltorewriteallexistingCprogramsinsafelanguages,sowaysmustbefoundtomakeCprogramssafe.ThispaperdealswiththeunsafefeaturesofCandpresentsasurveyonexistingsolutionstomakeCprogramssafe.Wehavestudiedbinary-levelinstrumentationtools,sourcecheckers,source-levelinstrumentationtoolsandsafedialectsofC,andpresentacomparisonofdifferentsolutions,summarizedthestrengthsandweaknessesofdifferentclassesofsolutions,andshowmeasuresthatcouldpossiblyimprovetheaccuracyoralleviatetheoverheadofexistingsolutions.

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简介：ThefirststarsintheearlyUniversewereformedabout400millionyearsafterthebigbang.VerificationoftheexistenceofthesestarsisimportantforourunderstandingoftheevolutionoftheUniverse[1].IthasbeenpredictedthatforPopulation-IIIstellarproductionyields,theabundancesofodd-Zelementsareremarkablydeficientcomparedtotheiradjacenteven-Zelements[2].Astronomersaresearchingforlong-lived,lowmassstarswiththeuniquenucleosyntheticpatternmatchingthepredictedyields[3].

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简介：当用于含能材料的表面涂层时，ParyleneC涂层优良的电绝缘性能，使得涂层后的炸药表面容易产生静电积累，因此可能会降低炸药的静电安全性。通过试验初步考核了ParyleneC涂层后炸药的静电摩擦感度，并与未涂层炸药以及带聚氨酯复合涂层的炸药进行对比。实验简易装置如图1所示。

简介：The12C+13Csystemhasbeenstudiedextensively,becauseofthesimilarityoftheentrancechanneltotheastrophysicallyimportant12C+12Creaction[1??3].Untilnow,threedifferentmethodshavebeenexploitedtoperformthefusioncrosssectionmeasurementsfor12C+13CundertheCoulombbarrier:(1)measuringtheyieldofcharacteristicrays,(2)thetotal-rayyieldsusingNaIsummingdetectorsand(3)theactivityofthereactionresidue24Na(T1=2=15.0h).Recently,thefusioncrosssectionof12C+13Chasbeenmeasureddownto0.9nbthroughtheactivitymeasurementbyourgroup[4].Althoughthestatisticalmodelcalculationsinallthesethreemethodshavebeenroutinelyusedtoconverttheobservedpartialcrosssectionsintothetotalfusioncrosssections[5],thesystematicuncertaintyinducedbythestatisticalcorrectionshasnotbeenstudiedverywell.

简介：由薛定谔方程出发,从数学上对波函数及其一阶微商的连续性作出严格的推证,并在推证中,得出波函数及其一阶微商连续的条件。还讨论了连续的条件不满足时的各种情形。

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