简介：AIM:ToinvestigatetheeffectofhepatitisBvirus(HBV)XgeneonapoptosisandexpressionsofapoptosisfactorsinXgene-transfectedHepG2cells.METHODS:TheHBVXgeneeukaryonexpressionvectorpcDNVA3-XwastransientlytransfectedintoHepG2cellsbylipid-mediatransfection.UntransfectedHepG2andHepG2transfectedwithpcDNA3wereusedascontrols.ExpressionofHBxinHepG2wasidentifiedbyPT-PCR.MTTandTUNELwereemployedtomeasureproliferationandapoptosisofcellsin.threegroups.Semi-quantifiedRT-PCRwasusedtoevaluatetheexpressionlevelsofFas/FasL,Bax/Bcl-xL,andc-mycineachgroup.RESULTS:HBVXgenewastransfectedintoHepG2cellssuccessfully.RT-PCRshowedthatHBxwasonlyexpressedinHepG2/pcDNA3-Xcells,butnotexpressedinHepG2andHepG2/pcDNA3cells.AnalyzedbyMTT,cellproliferationcapacitywasobviouslylowerinHepG2/pcDNA3-Xcells(0.08910±0.003164)thaninHepG2(0.14410±0.004927)andHepG2/pcDNA3cells(0.12150±0.007159)(P＜0.05andP＜0.01).AnalyzedbyTUNEL,cellapoptosiswasmuchmoreinHepG2/pcDNA3-Xcells(980/2000)thanHepG2(420/2000),HepG2/pcDNA3cells(520/2000)(P＜0.05andP＜0.01).Evaluatedbysemi-quantifiedRT-PCR,theexpressionlevelofFas/FasLwassignificantlyhigherinHepG2cellstransfectedwithHBxthaninHepG2andHepG2/pcDNA3cells(P＜0.05andP＜0.01).Bax/Bcl-xLexpressionlevelwasalsoelevatedinHepG2/pcDNA3-Xcells(P＜0.05andP＜0.01).Expressionofc-mycwasmarkedlyhigherinHepG2/pcDNA3-XcellsthaninHepG2andHepG2/pcDNA3cells(P＜0.05andP＜0.01).CONCLUSION:HBVXgenecanimpaircellproliferationcapacity,improvecellapoptosis,andupregulateexpressionofapoptosisfactors.TheinterventionofHBVXgeneontheexpressionofapoptosisfactorsmaybeapossiblemechanismresponsibleforthechangeincellapoptosisandproliferation.

简介：

简介：AIM:Toinvestigatetheefficacyofneoadjuvantchemoradiotherapy(NACRT)forresectabilityoflocallyadvancedgastriccancer(LAGC).METHODS:BetweenNovember2007andJanuary2014,29patientswithLAGC(clinicallyT3withdistalesophagusinvasion/T4orbulkyregionalnodemetastasis)thatweretreatedwithNACRTfollowedbyD2gastrectomywereincludedinthisstudy.ResectabilitywasevaluatedwithradiologicandendoscopicexamsbeforeandafterNACRT.Usingthreedimensionalconformalradiotherapy,patientsreceived45Gy,withadailydoseof1.8Gy.Theentiretumorextentandtheregionalmetastaticlymphnodeswereincludedinthegrosstumorvolume.PatientspresentingwitharesectabletumorafterNACRTreceivedatotalorsubtotalgastrectomywithD2dissection.ThepathologictumorresponsewasevaluatedusingJapaneseGastricCancerAssociationhistologicevaluationcriteria.PostoperativemorbiditywasevaluatedusingtheNationalCancerInstitute-CommonTerminologyCriteriaforAdverseEventsversion4.0.Overallsurvival(OS)andprogression-freesurvival(PFS)rateswereestimatedusingaKaplan-Meieranalysisandcomparedusingthelog-ranktest.RESULTS:Allpatientswereassessedasunresectablecases.Twenty-fourpatients(24/29;82.8%)showedLAGConpositronemissiontomography-computedtomography(CT)andcontrast-enhancedCT,whereasfourpatients(4/29;13.8%)withvagueinvasionorabutmenttoanadjacentorganunderwentdiagnosticlaparoscopy.Onepatient(1/29;3.4%),initiallyassessedasaresectablecase,underwentan'openandclosure'afterthetumorwasfoundtobeunresectable.Abutmenttoanadjacentorgan(34.5%)wasthemostcommonreasonforNACRT.TheclinicalresponserateonemonthafterNACRTwas44.8%.AfterNACRT,69%(20/29)ofpatientshadaresectabletumor.Ofthe20patientswitharesectabletumor,18patients(62.1%)underwentaD2gastrectomy.TheR0resectionratewas94.4%andtwopatients(2/18;11.1%)showedacompleteresponse.Themedianfollow-updurationwas13.5mo.Theone-yearOSandPFS

简介：AIM:Toinvestigateifanimmuneimbalancemayaccountforthedevelopmentandprogressionofchronicradiationenteritis.WeanalyzedtheTh1/Th2immuneresponseprofileearlyand6moafterfractionatedcolorectalirradiation.METHODS:Aratmodeloffractionatedcolorectalγ-irradiation(4-Gyfractions,3fractionsperweek)wasdesignedtoinvestigatetheeffectsofcumulativedoseoninflammatorymediators(cytokinesandchemo-kines)andimmuneresponse(Th1/Th2profileandim-munosuppressivemediatorIL-10)duringacute(early)responseand6moaftertheendoffractionatedirradia-tion(chronicresponse).Analyseswereperformed1dafterthecumulativedosesof16Gyand36Gyand1d,3d,and26wkafterthecumulativedoseof52Gy.RESULTS:Withoutcausinghistologicaldamage,fractionatedradiationinducedelevatedexpressionofIL-1β,TNFα,MCP-1,andiNOSindistalcolonicmucosaduringtheearlypost-irradiationphase.Atthattime,aTh2profilewasconfirmedbyexpressionofboththeTh2-specifictranscriptionfactorGATA-3andthechemokinereceptorCCR4andbysuppressionoftheTh1cytokineIFNγ/IP-10throughouttheirradiationprotocol.After6mo,despitethe2-foldreductionofiNOSandMCP-1levels,theTh2profilepersisted,asshownbya50%reductionintheexpressionoftheTh1transcriptionfactorT-bet,thechemokinereceptorCCXCR3,andtheIFNγ/STAT1pathway.Atthesametime-point,theimmuno-suppressiveIL-10/STAT3pathway,knowntoregulatetheTh1/Th2balance,wasexpressed,inirradiatedrats,atapproximatelyhalfitslevelascomparedtocontrols.ThissuppressionwasassociatedwithanoverexpressionofSOCS3,whichinhibitsthefeedbackoftheTh1polarizationandregulatesIL-10production.CONCLUSION:ColorectalirradiationinducesTh2polarization,defectiveIL-10/STAT3pathwayactivationandSOCS3overexpression.Thesechanges,inturn,maintainaimmunologicalimbalancethatpersistsinthelongterm.

简介：本文报道一家2例腹型肝豆状核变性病例,分别在4岁和6岁时发病,于发病后4周内死亡。例1,男性,4岁,因发热、乏力、纳差15天、尿黄5天、神志不清2天、肝功能异常于1992年6月8日住本院治疗,入院后查体神志恍惚,嗜睡状态,皮肤巩膜明显黄染,肝浊音界右侧锁骨中线第6肋间,肋下1.5cm,

简介：例1病人女，56岁，因眩晕、恶心、呕吐、吐出物为咖啡色，含食物，意识模糊1天入院，体格检查：神志尚清，精神萎靡，面色苍白，呼吸平稳，血压100／60mmHg，被动体位，查体合作，皮肤无出血点，体表淋巴结未触及，心肺未闻及异常、腹部软、肝脾肋下未触及，四肢肌力正常，腱反射存在，病理反射未引出，既往有高血压病2年，初诊上消化道出血，入院后给

简介：目的探讨对2型糖尿病病人胆结石与高胰岛素、脂代谢紊乱的关系。方法观察44例伴胆结石与64例不伴胆结石的2型糖尿病病人血清胰岛素、胰岛素敏感指数、血脂、血糖、糖化血红蛋白的变化。结果伴胆结石组病人的血清胰岛素、甘油三脂、胆固醇显著高于不伴胆结石组(P<0．05)，高密度脂蛋白、胰岛素敏感指数显著低于不伴胆结石组(P<0．05)。两组的病程、血糖、糖化血红蛋白、低密度脂蛋白无明显差异。结论高胰岛素血症，脂代谢异常是2型糖尿病病人胆结石形成的高危因素。

简介：缺氧诱导因子-2α（HIF-2α）是一种在缺氧条件下广泛存在于NSL动物和人体内的氧敏感性转录因子，通过调节缺氧诱导基因表达参与组织细胞对低氧的适应性应答，其表达是机体适应低氧的关键环节和起始步骤。近年研究发现HIF-2a可能与脂代谢过程有密切联系。本文就HIF-2α对脂肪酸代谢和胆固醇代谢的调节作用作一综述。

简介：Ithasbeenfoundthatexpressionof15-lipoxygenasc-1(15-LOX-1)anditsmainproduct,13-C-hydroxyoctadecadienoicacid(13-S-HODE),aredecreasedinhumancolorectalandesophagealcancersandthatnonsteroidalanti-inflammatorydrugs(NSAIDs)cantherspeuticallyinduce15-LOC-1expressiontotriggerapoptosisinthosecancercellsindependentlyCOX-2.WefoundthataspecificCOX-2inhibitorSC-236similarlyinduceapoptosisingastriccancercells,althoughthemechanismsoftheseeffectsremaintobedefined.Inthepresentstudy,wetestedwhetherSC-236inducedapoptosisthroughup-regulationof15-LOX-1ingastriccancercells.Wefoundthat,(a)SC-236inhibitedgrowthofgastriccancercellsmainlybyapoptosisinduced;(b)SC-236induced15-LOX-1expressionandincreasedendogenous13-S-HODEproduct,insteadof15-S-HETEduringapoptosisingastriccancercellswithout15-LOX-1expressionbeforetreatmentbySC-236;(c)sc-236didn'teffectexpressionofCOX-1,COX-2,5-LOXand12-LOX;and(d)15-LOX-1inhibitionsuppressedSC-236inducedapoptosis.ThesefindingsdemonstratedthatSC-236inducedapoptosisingastriccancercellsviaup-regulationof25-LOX-1.Theyalsosupporttheconceptthatthelossoftheproapopoticroleof15-LOX-1inepithelialcancersisnotlimitedtohumancolorectalandesophagealcancers.

简介：白细胞介素2(IL-2)是机体免疫网络中重要的淋巴因子，具有诱导细胞分化增殖、增强细胞毒作用、促进自然杀伤细胞活性、诱导干扰素产生和介导肿瘤免疫等功能，其作用有赖于和白细胞介素2受体(IL-2R)的相互影响。IL-2R包括膜表面受体(mIL-2R)和可溶性受体(SIL-2R)两种类型，均与IL-2竞争结合，后者可中和活化T细胞周围的IL-2，封闭IL-2/IL-2R调节的重要生物学反应，

简介：继1996年幽门螺杆菌(H.pylori)感染处理的Maastricht共识会议后,欧洲H.pylori研究组(EHPSG)于2000年再次在荷兰Maastricht举行会议,对原先的Maastricht指南进行修订和更新.

简介：瞄准：在主要hepatocellular癌(HCC)探索E2F5的表示模式并且阐明在hepatocarcinogenesis的E2F5的角色。方法：E2F5表示被immunohistochemistry分析在120主要HCC和29正常的肝纸巾分析。E2F5小的介入RNA是进HepG2的transfected，一根E2F5-overexpressedHCC房间线。在E2F5以后击倒，细胞生长能力和移居的潜力被检验。结果：E2F5是显著地在主要HCC的overexpressed与正常的肝纸巾相比(P=0.008)。显著地显示出的沉默E2F5的房间减少了增长(P=0.004)。在殖民地形成和软琼脂试金上，殖民地的数字显著地在沉默E2F5的房间被减少(P=0.004并且P=0.009，分别地)。E2F5击倒导致了G0/G1阶段房间和S阶段房间的减小的累积。移居/入侵房间的数字也在E2F5以后被减少击倒(P=0.021)。结论：到我们的知识，这是E2F5是的第一条证据通常在主要HCC和那E2F5的overexpressed击倒显著地镇压了HCC房间的生长。

简介：AIM:Toevaluatetheimpactofsociodemographic/clinicalfactorsonearlyvirologicalresponse(EVR)topegin-terferon/ribavirinforchronichepatitisC(CHC)inclinicalpractice.METHODS:Weconductedamulticenter,cross-sectional,observationalstudyinHepatologyUnitsof91Spanishhospitals.CHCpatientstreatedwithpeginterferonα-2aplusribavirinwereincluded.EVRwasdefinedasundetectablehepatitisCvirus(HCV)-ribonucleicacid(RNA)or≥2logHCV-RNAdecreaseafter12wkoftreatment.AbivariateanalysisofsociodemographicandclinicalvariablesassociatedwithEVRwascarriedout.IndependentfactorsassociatedwithanEVRwereanalyzedusingamultipleregressionanalysisthatincludedthefollowingbaselinedemographicandclinicalvariables:age(≤40yearsvs>40years),gender,race,educationallevel,maritalstatusandfamilystatus,weight,alcoholandtobaccoconsumption,sourceofHCVinfection,alanineaminotransferase(ALT)andaspartateaminotransferase(AST)levels,andgammaglutamyltranspeptidase(GGT)(≤85IU/mLvs>85IU/mL),serumferritin,serumHCV-RNAconcentration(<400000vs≥400000),genotype(1/4vs3/4),cirrhoticstatusandribavirindose(800/1000/1200mg/d).RESULTS:Atotalof1014patientswereincludedinthestudy.Meanageofthepatientswas44.3±9.8years,70%weremale,and97%wereCaucasian.ThemainsourcesofHCVinfectionwereintravenousdrugabuse(25%)andbloodtransfusion(23%).SeventyeightpercentwereinfectedwithHCVgenotype1/4(68%hadgenotype1)and22%withgenotypes2/3.TheHCV-RNAlevelwas>400000IU/mLin74%ofpatients.ThemeanALTandASTlevelswere88.4±69.7IU/mLand73.9±64.4IU/mL,respectively,andmeanGGTlevelwas82±91.6IU/mL.Themeanferritinlevelwas266±284.8μg/L.Only6.2%ofpatientspresentedwithcirrhosis.Allpatientsreceived180mgofpeginterferonα-2a.Themostfrequentlyusedribavirindoseswere1000mg/d(41%)and1200mg/d(41%).Theplannedtreatm

简介：1983年发现幽门螺杆菌(Hp)以来,有关Hp在慢性活动性胃炎、慢性萎缩性胃炎和消化性溃疡发病中的作用已引起国内外学者的高度重视,并且认为,Hp是胃腺癌发生的一种Ⅰ类(肯定)致癌物.流行病学资料提示,Hp感染人群胃癌发生危险性显著高于对照人群[1-3].动物实验证实,Hp慢性感染易引起胃粘膜组织恶性转化[4-5],但其致癌机制尚不清楚.

简介：急性胰腺炎（acutepancreatitis，AP）是常见的急腹症之一，近年发病率呈上升趋势。AP病情凶险，死亡率高，是对人类健康最有威胁的急腹症之一。早期诊断和评估AP至关重要，目前应用最广泛的AP诊断指标为血淀粉酶。但其检测结果有时不尽如人意。多因子评分系统．如Rason、Glasgow、APACHEⅡ等须于入院后48h才能对病情作出评估，对制定早期治疗决策帮助不大。APACHEⅡ由于评分过程复杂，临床应用受到一定影响。B超检查对轻症AP（MAP）的诊断并不敏感。价格、普及性以及造影剂的不良反应等问题，在某种程度上限制了增强CT在AP早期诊断中的实用性。

简介：目的探讨2型糖尿病合并慢性并发症的骨代谢改变机制。方法测定60例2型糖尿病合并慢性并发症病人和60例糖尿病无并发症病人以及与其年龄、体重指数相匹配的60例健康对照组的空腹血糖(FBG)、血钙(Ca)、血磷(P)、血碱性磷酸酶(ALP)、血清骨钙素(BGP)、糖化血红蛋白(HbAlc)、尿羟脯氨酸(HOP)、尿脱氧吡啶啉(DPd)和骨密度(BMD)。结果2型糖尿病合并慢性并发症病人组与无并发症组和对照组相比，血清BGP明显下降、尿HOP、DPd明显升高，BMD下降加快。结论2型糖尿病病人的骨密度下降，合并慢性并发症病人比无并发症病人BMD下降为快。

简介：约50％以上的2型糖尿病病人为60岁以上老年人，由于生活孤单、行动不便或有其他残疾，要特别重视这些病人的心理治疗及护理，解除精神和心理障碍，协助病人康复。本文通过临床106例2型老年糖尿病病人的观察与分析，从而探讨有针对性地心理护理措施，增强治疗信心，提高糖尿病控制质量，提高生活质量。现将老年2型糖尿病人的心理分析与护理对策总结如下。

简介：瞄准：学习三氧化二砷的anti-hepatoma效率(作为(2)O(3))在试验性的老鼠肝细胞的治疗，癌(HCC)由2-acetamidofluorene(2-FAA)导致了并且阐明可能的机制。方法：SD老鼠(2瞬间旧)用2-FAA被喂了让8wk导致HCC，然后他们被对待与作为(2)O(3)或妈三倍。在d上29，老鼠被打死，肝被称，肝肿瘤被数。肝织物的组织学的变化在显微镜下面被观察，并且细胞的动态参数被流动血细胞计数学习。Immunohistochemistry(二拍子的圆舞方法)被用来在连续的节上观察脉管的内皮生长因素(VEGF)和微容器的密度(MVD)的表示。病理学的参数也被分析，浆液aspartateaminotransferase(著名计算机生产厂商)的层次，丙氨酸aminotransferase(中高音)，全部的胆红素(TBi)，和直接胆红素(DBi)。结果：肝肿瘤的数字在对待与的组显著地减少了作为(2)O(3)，在特别中等剂量(1mg/kg)组织(t=2.80，P<0.01)。当(2)O(3)经由apoptosis引起了HCC细胞死亡；坏死被看见，当剂量是1mg/kg时，apoptosis是普通的。增长索引严厉地减少了在中等剂量(1mg/kg)组织(7.87+/-4.11对24.46+/-6.49，t=2087，P<0.01)，然而并非在0.2mg/kg组。然而，S阶段部分在两个组戏剧性地减少了，仅仅当剂量与控制相比是1mg/kg时，它到达了底部水平(0.40+/-0.13对3.01+/-0.51，t=2.97，P<0.01)，并且它显然在G(0)/G(1)(G(0)/G(1)限制)伴有房间的累积。VEGF和MVD在的表情中等剂量(1mg/kg)组比生理盐水组显著地低(0.63+/-0.74对2.44+/-0.88，P<0.05；15.75+/-3.99对47.44+/-13.41，t=2.80，P<0.01)。与生理盐水组相比，是的中等剂量、低剂量的组(2)O(3)和妈三倍在浆液降低了中高音的层次(61.46+/-9.46，63.75+/-20.40，61.18+/-13.00对108.98+/-29.86，t=2.14，P<0.05)，但是没有浆液著名计算机生产厂商诚实

简介：目的评价HBV感染者血清TIMP-2水平对肝纤维化诊断的临床应用价值。方法采用ELISA法测定498例HBV感染者和100例正常对照者血清TIMP-2,采用放射免疫分析法检测HA、PCⅢ、CⅣ和LN,和采用全自动酶法测定丙氨酸氨基转移酶（ALT）。结果与健康正常人比,HBV感染者五项指标均有不同程度的升高,除慢性HBV携带者PCⅢ、CⅣ、LN、ALT和慢性肝炎轻度患者CⅣ水平与对照组比无统计学差异外,其余各组均与对照组比有显著性差异（P〈0.05）;从急性肝炎至肝硬化患者血清TIMP-2水平依次进行性升高,其中慢性HBV携带者与急性肝炎患者血清TIMP-2水平分别为78.56±26.23ng/ml和92.65±21.93ng/ml,两者相比差异显著（P〈0.01）。血清TIMP-2与HA、PCⅢ、CⅣ和LN呈显著正相关（P〈0.05）,与ALT也呈正相关（P〈0.05）。结论本文检测的肝纤维化指标均可不同程度地反映肝脏的纤维化程度,其中以血清TIMP-2较为可靠和有效。

简介：AIM:Tocomparetwotypesofclassificationofintestinalmetaplasia(IM)ofthestomachandtoexploretheirrelationshiptogastriccarcinoma.METHODS:Forty-sevencasesofgastricIMwereclassifiedintotypeortypeaccordingtomucinhistochemicalstainingandcomparedwithanovelclassificationinwhichthespecimenswereclassifiedintosimpleIM(SIM)oratypicalIMaccordingtopolymorphismintermsofatypicalchangesofthemetaplasticepithelium.Forty-sevenIMandthirty-sevengastriccarcinomasa...