简介：Brassinosteroid（BR）andgibberellin（GA）aretwopredominantplanthormonesthatregulateplantcellelongation.Mutantsdisruptthebiosynthesisofthesehormonesanddisplaydifferentdegreesofdwarfphenotypesinrice.Althoughtheroleofeachplanthormoneinpromotingthelongitudinalgrowthofplantshasbeenextensivelystudiedusinggeneticmethods,theirrelationshipisstillpoorlyunderstood.Inthisstudy,weusedtwospecificinhibitorstargetingBRandGAbiosynthesistoinvestigatetherolesofBRandGAingrowthofriceseedlings.Yucaizol,aspecificinhibitorofBRbiosynthesis,andTrinexapac-ethyl,acommerciallyavailableinhibitorofGAbiosynthesis,wereused.TheeffectofYucaizolonriceseedlingsindicatedthatYucaizolsignificantlyretardedstemelongation.TheIC50valuewasfoundtobeapproximately0.8μmol/L.Yucaizolalsoinducedsmallleafanglephenocopyinriceseedlings,similarlytoBR-deficientrice,whileTrinexapac-ethyldidnot.WhenYucaizolcombinedwithTrinexapac-ethylwasappliedtothericeplants,themixtureofthesetwoinhibitorsretardedstemelongationofriceatlowerdoses.OurresultssuggestthattheuseofaBRbiosynthesisinhibitorcombinedwithaGAbiosynthesisinhibitormaybeusefulinthedevelopmentofnewtechnologiesforcontrollingriceplantheight.

简介：A21-daylaboratoryincubationexperimentwasconductedtoinvestigatetheimpactofpesticides(Triazophos,ButachlorandJinggangmycin)onapaddyfieldsoilhealthundercontrolledmoisture(floodedsoil)andtemperature(25℃)conditions.Theelectrontransportsystem(ETS)/dehydrogenaseactivitydisplayedanegativecorrelationwithpesticidesconcentrations,andtheactivitywasaffectedadverselyastheconcentrationofthepesticidesincreased.Thehigherdosesofpesticides,5and10foldsfieldrates,significantlyinhibitedETSactivity,whilelowerratesfailedtoproduceanysignificantreducingeffectagainstthecontrol.TherelativetoxicitylevelofpesticidesindecreasingtheETSactivitywasinthefollowingorder;Triazophos>Jinggangmycin>Butachlor,irrespectiveoftheirratesofapplication.Thepesticidescausedanimprovementinthesoilphenolcontentanditincreasedwithincreasingtheconcentrationofagrochemicals.Thepesticideincorporationdidnotproduceanysignificantchangeinsoilproteincontent.TheresponseofbiomassphospholipidcontentwasnearlysimilartoETSactivity.ThephospholipidcontentwasdecreasedwiththeadditionofpesticidesinthegivenorderofTriazophos>Jinggangmy-cin>Butachlor;andthetoxicitywasintheorder:10FR(timesoffieldrate)>5FR~>1.0FR>0.5FR>control.

简介：Seventeenricevarietiesandhybridsofdifferenttypes(indica,japonica,javanica,indicahybrid,japonicahybridandinter-subspecifichybrid)wereevaluatedtodeterminetheeffectoftemperatureonpollenfertilityininter-subspecfichybrids.Thepollenfertilityofinter-subspecifichybridswasgreatlyreducedwhenaveragedailytemperaturedroppedto22.0-23.0℃atmeiosisstage,andtheextentofpollenfertilityreductionvariedgreatlywithrespecttodifferenthybrids.However,thepollenfertilityreductionofindicaandjaponicahybridsandconventionalvarietieswasnotobviousunderthesameregimeoftemperatureconditions.Whentheaveragedailytemperaturedroppedto20℃.thepollendevelopmentofconventionalvarietiesandhybridswasalsoaffected.Correlationanalysisrevealedthatthereexistedapositivecorrelationbetweenpollenfertilityandaveragedailytemperature.Asignificantdifference(P<0.01)wasalsofoundbetweenthetwocorrelationcoefficientsi.e.inter-subspecifichybridsandconventionalvarieties.Temperatureatmeiosisstageofpollenmothercellwasakeyfactorinpollendeveloping,andthepollenfertilityofinter-subspecifichybridswasmoresensitivetolowtemperaturethanthatoftraditionalvariety.

简介：在在过量水里沸腾以后由蒸气米饭谷物炖能被用于完美地煮米饭。在伊朗的米饭的三个变化煮的这个过程的效果(唱了Tarom，Domsiyah和Fajr)在上组织上并且煮的米饭谷物的词法性质被调查。结果证明在煮的米饭的这步减少了坚硬并且显著地增加了米饭谷物的粘着性。由扫描电子显微镜学的使用，蒸气炖的煮的米饭的外部表面在与非炖的样品相比煮，和淀粉小粒的更好的gelatinization和更多扩大期间由于修正有更少的孔和更靠近的毛孔，这被显示出。在煮提供的米饭的这个过程的使用一充分煮了并且gelatinized，更软、更粘的最后的产品被推荐。

简介：Cd忍耐和米饭幼苗的translocation上的H2O2预告的处理的效果用在Cd忍耐不同的二米饭栽培变种(N07-6和N07-63)被学习。malondialdehyde(MDA)的内容，减少的谷胱甘肽(GSH)，非蛋白质thiols(NPT)，phytochelatins(PC)和谷胱甘肽S-transferase(GST)的活动在暴露于各种各样的处理的二栽培变种之间被比较。结果证明50mol/LCd暴露显著地禁止了米饭生长，提高了GSH，NPT，PC和MDA的生产，并且增加了GST的活动，并且二栽培变种之间有重要差别。更多的Cd被搬运进N07-6的射击。H2O2预告的处理由进一步在根增加GSH，NPT和PC内容，以及GST活动减轻了Cd毒性。在N07-63的这些参数的增加度比在N07-6的那些高，建议N07-63的忍耐比N07-6更显著地被提高。氢过氧化物把Cdtranslocation归结为米饭射击，但是不同地在根影响了Cd内容。从上述结果，在到在二栽培变种之间的H2O2预告的处理的Cddetoxification和反应有显著差别，这可以被推测。

简介：在flowering舞台被使用二装饰用的梨树米饭变化Koshihikari和Sasanishiki在天赋和高温下面学习以后，蔗糖，fructose，蔗糖synthase的葡萄糖内容和差别迟钝，vacuolar转化酶，和细胞壁的动态变化在米饭谷物绑了转化酶。在米饭谷物，蔗糖synthase活动比转化酶的高，它显著地与淀粉累积率被相关，显示蔗糖synthase起了在蔗糖降级和淀粉合成的一个重要作用。在高温下面，没有fructose和葡萄糖的任何增加的谷物蔗糖内容的重要增加满足，建议高温处理提高了蔗糖累积，当减少时在米饭谷物的蔗糖降级。与控制植物相比，在蔗糖synthase，vacuolar转化酶，和有高温的细胞壁界限转化酶的活动的减少对待显示的植物蔗糖降级的减速与在蔗糖synthase和转化酶的活动的减少有关。

简介：AsoilpotcultureexperimentwithfoursuppliedPlevels(i.e.P30,P50,P100,P200,representingsupplementalP30,50,100,200mg/kg,respectively)wasconductedtoinvestigateuptakeanduseabilitytoPandZninthericegenotypeswithdifferentP-efficiency,ofwhichricegenotypes508,99011,580,99112werelow-Ptolerantand99056,99012werelow-Psensitive.Low-Ptolerantrice580and99011absorbedmorePthantheothers,andricegenotype580hadstrongeruptakeabilityespeciallyatlow-PlevelsuchasP50andP30.508couldabsorbconsiderableP,andhadthelowestPpercentageofshoot,indicatingithadgoodperformanceinP-useefficiency.ThesethreericegenotypeshadlargerbiomassandlessresponsetochangedPlevelthanricegenotype99112,99056and99012.Ricegenotype99112showedLow-Ptolerancemainlybysacrificingbiomasstomaintainhighrelativegrainyield.TheleastamountofPabsorbedby99056showedithadthelowestPuptakeefficiency,andthehighestPpercentageinshootof99012meantithadthelowestPuseefficiency.Sotheytwoshowedlow-Psensitivity.ZncontentsinshootunderP200,P100andP50weresimilar,butP30increasedZncontentinshootsignificantly.TheZncontentsinshootof99112,99056and99012werehigherthanthoseof508,99011and580,especiallyattilleringstageandbootingstage.AsfortotalZncontentinshoot,Low-Ptolerantricegenotype580hadthelargestamountandfollowedby99011and508,low-Ptolerantricegenotype99012hadthesmallestamountatthethreesamplingstageandfollowedby99056.Furthermore,P/Zninshootof99012wasthehighest,andthatof99056wasthesmallestatthesamePlevel.

简介：到有冷忍耐的无热水设备灌溉和它的关联的谷物质量特点的反应从云南省在11个装饰用的梨树米饭变化被学习，中国。结果显示到无热水设备压力的谷物质量特点的反应与米饭变化和谷物质量特点变化了。在无热水设备压力下面，，谷物宽度，白垩的米饭率，白色，1000谷物重量，稻谷率，味道米价值，山峰粘性，马槽粘性，故障粘性和最后的粘性显著地减少了谷物长度宽度比率，头米饭率，碱消化价值，蛋白质内容和挫折粘性显著地增加了。然而，象谷物长度，直链淀粉内容，milled米饭率，山峰粘性时间和粘贴的温度那样的另外的特点没被无热水设备压力显著地影响。重要关联在phenotypic可接受程度和味道米价值，蛋白质内容，山峰粘性和故障粘性的冷反应索引之间被发现。因此，改进云南米饭变化的冷忍耐以便稳定并且改善他们的吃的质量将是很重要的。

简介：Withdecreasingavailabilityofwaterforagricultureandincreasingdemandforriceproduction,anoptimumuseofirrigationwaterandphosphorusmayguaranteesustainablericeproduction.Fieldexperimentswereconductedin2003and2004toinvestigatetheeffectofphosphorusandirrigationlevelsonyield,waterproductivity(WP),phosphorususeefficiency(PUE)andincomeoflowlandrice.Theexperimentwaslaidoutinrandomizedcompleteblockdesignwithsplitplotarrangementsreplicatedfourtimes.Mainplotconsistedoffivephosphoruslevels,viz.0(P0),50(P50),100(P100),150(P150),and200(P200)kg/hm2,whilesubplotscontainedofirrigationtimes,i.e.8(I8),10(I10),12(I12),and14(I14)irrigationlevels,eachwithawaterdepthof7.5cm.MeanvaluesrevealedthatP150incombinationwithI10producedthehighestpaddyyield(9.8t/hm2)andnetbenefit(1231.8US$/hm2)amongallthetreatments.PhosphorusenhancedWPwhenappliedinappropriatecombinationwithirrigationlevel.ThehighestmeanWP[13.3kg/(hm2?mm)]couldbeachievedatP150withI8anddecreasedwithincreaseinirrigationlevel,whilethehighestmeanPUE(20.1kg/kg)couldbeachievedatP100withI10anddiminishedwithhigherPlevels.TheoverallresultsindicatethatP150alongwithI10wasthebestcombinationforsustainablericecultivationinsiltyclaysoil.

简介：六高并且从dominantsemi矮子异种(Y98149)导出的矮子near-isogenic线被选择学习高度表示和敏感到gibberellicacid(GA_3)。长度第4-5内部节点，第三，第二，1st内部分别地，从顶的节点和在isogenic附近的六个矮子的圆锥花序长度是在六高的97.2%那些，53.3%，65.1%，61.9%和94.7%显示主导的相形见绌半的基因显著地禁止了内部节点延伸。而且，Y98149(变异的类型)比Y98148(野生型)对GA_3更敏感，并且在植物有更低的GA_3集中，大约78%Y98148。

简介：在米饭restorer线C224的条纹疾病抵抗的继承为量的特点加多基因用主要基因的混合效果模型被分析。另外，抵抗与维护者线在C224的七个十字被调查。结果证明C224的条纹抵抗被二主要基因与添加剂优势效果(E-1模型)加多基因与additive-dominance-epistasis效果控制。这二基因有12.47%和24.75%分别地，出现的否定优势效果的添加剂效果。在二主要基因之间有重要epistasis和相互作用效果。当多基因的是2.74%时，二主要基因的可遗传性是92.12%，显示条纹抵抗有主导的主要基因效果。七个十字，五显示了高或中等的抵抗到条纹疾病。