简介：IntroductionSuddensensorineuralhearingloss(SSNHL)isdefinedasahearinglossofatleast30dBoverthreecontiguousfrequenciesoccurringinlessthan3days[1].VertigoandprofoundhearinglossareconsideredpoorprognosticfactorsinSSNHL[2-4].ThemostcommondiseasesassociatedwithvertigoinSSNHLincludeBPPV,vestibularneu-[3]

简介：Aim:Tostudytheapoptoticrate(AR)andtheandrogenandestrogenmilieuintheproximalanddistalductalsystemsofprostate,inordertohelpexploringtheeffectsofthesefactorsonprostaticgrowthandthepathogenesisofbenignprostatichypertrophy(BPH).Methods:Theproximalanddistalendsoftheductalsystemwereincisedfrom20normalprostateaswellasthehypertrophicprostatetissuefrom20patientswithBPH.TheARwasdeterminedbytheDNAend-labelingmethodanddihydrotestosterone(DHT)andestrodiol(E2),byradioimmunoassay.Results:TherewasnosignificantdifferenceinDHTandE2densitybetweentheproximalanddistalendsoftheductalsystemsinnormalprostate.E2appearedtobehigherinBPHthaninnormalprostatictissues,butthedifferencewasstatisticallyinsignificant.Innormalprostatictissue,theARwassignificantlyhigherinthedistalthanintheproximalendsoftheductalsystem(P＜0.05),whiletheARoftheproximalendswassignificantlyhigher(P＜0.01)thanthatintheBPHtissue.NosignificantcorrelationwasnotedbetweentheDHTandE2densityandtheARbothinthenormalprostateandBPHtissues.Conclusion:ThepaperisthefirsttimedescribingadifferenceinARindifferentregionsoftheductalsystemofnormalprostate,whilethehormonalmilieuissimilar,indicatingafunctionalinhomogeneityoftheseregions.AlowARintheproximalduct,whereBPHoriginates,andanevenlowerARintheBPHtissue,suggestingtheparticipationofapoptosisintheBPHpathogenesis.

简介：AbstractBackground:Benign epilepsy with centrotemporal spikes (BECTS) is the most common type of childhood idiopathic focal epilepsy. BECTS is associated with pervasive cognitive deficits and behavior problems. While seizures can be easily controlled, it is crucial to select anti-epileptic drugs that do not impair cognition, do not cause psychosocial effects, and improve the quality of life. Previous studies showed effects of oxcarbazepine (OXC) monotherapy on the cognitive and psychosocial profiles of patients with BECTS. Here, we studied the effects of OXC monotherapy on the neuropsychologic profiles and quality of life in patients with BECTS in China.Methods:Thirty-one patients aged 6 to 12 years newly diagnosed with BECTS were recruited. A psychometric assessment was performed before and during the follow-up of OXC monotherapy with Cognitive Computerized Task Battery, Depression Self-Rating Scale for children, Screen for Child Anxiety Related Emotional Disorders, and Quality of Life in Epilepsy-31 (QOLIE-31). The results of the assessments were compared to explore the effect of OXC monotherapy in patients with BECTS.Results:Thirty children with BECTS completed the study. Five of ten cognitive test scores improved after treatment via OXC monotherapy, including visual tracing (F = 14.480, P < 0.001), paired associated learning (language) (F = 6.292, P < 0.001), paired associated learning (number) (F= 9.721, P < 0.05), word semantic (F = 6.003, P < 0.05), and simple subtraction (F = 6.229, P < 0.05). Of the neuropsychology data concerning the quality of life, statistically significant improvements were observed in emotion (F = 4.946, P < 0.05), QOLIE-social (F = 5.912, P < 0.05), and QOLIE-total (F= 14.161, P < 0.001).Conclusions:OXC is safe and does not impair neuropsychologic functions, with no obvious mood burden on children with BECTS. Most importantly, OXC has positive impacts on children’s perception of quality of life, especially in terms of happiness and life satisfaction.

简介：Objective:Toinvestigatetheefficacyofquickrepositioningmaneuverforhorizontalsemicircularcanalbenignparoxysmalpositionalvertigo(H-BPPV).Methods:Clinicaldataof67patientswithH-BPPVwhounderwentquickrepositioningmaneuverinourhospitalfromJuly2009toNovember2014wereretrospectivelyanalyzed.Themaneuverinvolvedrotatingthepatientintheaxialplanefor180fromtheinvolvedsidetowardscontralateralsideasquicklyaspossible.Results:Completesymptomresolutionwasachievedin61patients(91.0%)atoneweekandin64patients(95.5%)at3monthspost-treatment.Duringtherepositioningmaneuverprocess,therewerenoobviousuntowardresponsesexcepttransientnauseawithorwithoutvomitinginafewpatients.Conclusion:TheresultsindicatethatthequickrepositioningmaneuverisaneasyandeffectivealternativetreatmentinthemanagementofHBPPV.

简介：

简介：

简介：Theepidemiologyofbenignprostatichyperplasia(BPH)andmalelowerurinarytractsymptoms(LUTS)hasevolvedconsiderablyduringthepastseveralyears.ThetermLUTSdescribesadistinctphenotypeandallowsforabroadepidemiologicdescriptionofurinarysymptomsatapopulationlevel.Althoughitisbecomingthepreferredtermforstudyingurinarysymptomsinpopulations,LUTS

简介：Colorectalcancerhepaticmetastasesrepresentthefinalstageofamulti-stepbiologicalprocess.Thisprocessstartswithaseriesofmutationsincolonicepithelialcells,continueswiththeirdetachmentfromthelargeintestine,disseminationthroughthebloodand/orlymphaticcirculation,attachmenttothehepaticsinusoidsandinteractionswiththesinusoidalcells,suchassinusoidalendothelialcells,Kupffercells,stellatecellsandpitcells.Themetastaticsequenceterminateswithcolorectalcancercellinvasion,adaptationandcolonisationofthehepaticparenchyma.Alltheseevents,termedthecolorectalcancerinvasion-metastasiscascade,includemultiplemolecularpathways,intercellularinteractionsandexpressionofaplethoraofchemokinesandgrowthfactors,andadhesionmolecules,suchastheselectins,theintegrinsorthecadherins,aswellasenzymesincludingmatrixmetalloproteinases.Thisreviewaimstopresentrecentadvancesthatprovideinsightsintothesecell-biologicaleventsandemphasizesthosethatmaybeamenabletotherapeutictargeting.

简介：无

简介：

简介：BetweenJanuary1985andJuly1987,1,622cancerpatientswereevaluatedtooutlinethepossibleapplicationsandlimitsofvariousinvestigativetechniquesforevaluatingmetastases.Seventy-threecaseswithsuperficialmetastasesofthedermal-hypodermal(59)layers,ofthemuscles(11)andofothertargetorgans(3)wereincludedinthestudy.Althoughnon-glandularsuperficialmetastasesarearelativelyrareoccurrence,diagnosticimagingtechniquesareindicatedforevaluatingtheirextentandanatomicalconnections.Secondaryneoplasmswerestudiedusingtheimagingtechniquesofsono-graphy,computedtomographyandxeroradiography.Thediagnosticreliabilityofthesethreetechniqueswasevaluated,takingintoaccounttheirabilitytodeterminetheextentofmetastasesandofassessingmalignancy.Sonographyisconsideredasasatisfactoryscreeningtechnique,butCTisanevenbettertoolforevaluatingtheextentandanatomicalconnectionsofsuchlesions.Xeroradiographyhasbeenmadeobsoleteb

简介：

简介：良性的prostatic增生(BPH)是最普通的医药条件在之一中年并且老人。这研究在中国的变老的男人口调查了在性别荷尔蒙的浆液层次和BPH的措施之间的关系。前列腺症状作为为人≥屏蔽节目的免费健康的部分被估计；40岁。考试包括了数字直肠的检查，前列腺特定的抗原铺平的浆液的决心，国际前列腺症状分数(IPSS)和transrectalultrasonography。全部的睾丸激素(TT)的浆液层次，性别荷尔蒙绑定血球素(SHBG)，免费睾丸激素(英尺)，luteinizing荷尔蒙(LH)，刺激滤泡的荷尔蒙(FSH)，催乳激素(PRL)和estradiol(E2)被评估。这些人也完成了一张健康和人口分布问询表并且收到了详细物理考试。最后的学习人口与58.9年的吝啬的年龄由949个人组成了。皮尔森关联分析显示除了TT，在所有性别荷尔蒙的年龄和层次之间，并且在年龄和前列腺体积之间有重要关联(PV；r=0.243；P<；0.01)或IPSS(r=0.263；P<；0.01)。另外的重要关联在IPSS和LH的浆液层次之间被发现(r=0.112；P<；0.01)并且FSH(r=0.074；P<；0.05)，但是在性别荷尔蒙层次和PV之间没有重要关联。Multivariate线性回归分析与PV显示出在年龄和身体团索引(BMI)之间的重要关联(P<；0.0001)。另外，与IPSS在年龄和PV之间有重要关联(P<；0.0001)。浆液性别荷尔蒙层次没与PV或IPSS相关。在使人变老的BPH的措施上的内分泌的变化的效果要求进一步的调查在纵并且与BPH的所有严厉包括病人的multicenter研究。

简介：我们试图与BPH在在正常、肥胖的病人之间的征兆的良性的prostatic增生(BPH)的医疗的功效调查差别；肥胖被任何一个身体团索引(BMI)或腰圆周(WC)决定。在这12星期的未来的观察研究，175个病人的一个总数变老≥；有国际前列腺症状分数(IPSS)≥的40年；12点和前列腺体积≥；20 ；ml有希望地被注册。病人根据BMI或WC被划分成二个组。病人们收到了doxazosin在4 的剂量的胃肠的治疗学的系统(GITS)；mg一次每为12个星期的天。从在IPSS的基线的变化，最大的尿流动率(Q最大),虚空以后的剩余体积，生活(QoL)的质量分数和不利事件(AE)被分析。175个注册病人，132完成了学习。57个病人有BMI>；23 ；kgm−2,和43有的WC>；90 ；厘米。肥胖的病人由WC>代表了；90 ；厘米或BMI≥；23 ；kgm−2在基线与非肥胖的病人相比有显著地更大的前列腺体积。全部的IPSS在WC>是显著地更高的；90 ；与WC≤相比的厘米组；90 ；厘米组。全部的IPSS断然与前列腺体积(P=0.031)和WC(P=0.045)被相关。所有组在12个星期在全部的IPSS和QoL显示出重要改进。然而，全部的IPSS的改进在high-BMI和high-WC组是更大的。最经常的AE是头昏(n=13)，并且它在肥胖的BPH病人是显著地更低的。肥胖与增加的前列腺体积和更低的尿道症状被联系。Alpha-blockers看起来为控制症状有效，特别在肥胖的人。

简介：

简介：良性的prostatic增生(BPH)的精确原因论仍然保持不清楚；然而，它被知道煽动性的过程有的那免疫学的在BPH开始和前进的致病的一个角色。氮的氧化物synthase2(NOS2)可诱导的表示密切与prostatic疾病被相关，包括前列腺癌症和BPH。这研究的目的是调查在NOS2多型性和BPH之间的关系。与205控制和229个BPH题目的一个队，我们genotyped在NOS2基因的三单个核苷酸多型性(SNP)，包括rs2779248(倡导者，?278T/C)，rs10459953(5鈥?untranslated区域)和rs2297518(exon16，错误感觉，Ser608Leu)，用直接定序和限制碎片长度多型性。在控制和BPH题目之间的genotypic和突变而产生之遗传的频率被比较，并且在BPH题目之中的协会被分析。SNPStats，SNPAnalyzer和HelixTree计划被用来分析SNP。在控制和BPH题目之间的SNP上没有协会。当BPH题目被分析时，在低、高的前列腺特定的抗原组之间的SNP上没有协会。然而，一SNP(rs10459953，机会比率[或]=0.44，95%信心间隔[CI]=0.29鈥?.65，P<0.0001，在codominant当模特儿；或=0.23，95%CI=0.12鈥?.46，P<0.0001，在里面主导的模型；并且或=0.46，95%CI=0.24鈥?.86，P=0.015，在后退的模型)在BPH与prostatic体积被联系。我们在BPH与小、大的prostatic体积在在题目之间的NOS2SNP(rs10459953)的遗传型频率检测了一个强壮的协会。结果建议NOS2可以在BPH与prostatic体积被联系。

简介：

简介：5α；-reductase禁止者(5α；-RIs),包括finasteride和dutasteride，是为良性的prostatic增生(BPH)的通常使用的医药治疗。许多研究报导了那外科手术前5α；-RI为BPH在外科期间在intraoperative出血上有影响，但是它仍然在争论。那么，我们进行了效果的系统的评论和5α的机制；为BPH流血的intraoperative上的-RIs。MEDLINE，EMBASE，控制试用的控制小道收款机和参考检索研究列出的Cochrane在分析被寻找。包含15不同使随机化的控制试用(RCT)和1156个病人的一个总数的十六份出版物在分析被使用，包括为finasteride的10RCT和为dutasteride的五RCT。我们在resected前列腺标本发现那外科手术前的finasteride治疗减少microvessel密度(MVD)。全部的血损失，血损失都极大地作为与控制相比在finasteride组每在血色素的resected前列腺织物和减少的克被减少。Dutasteride看起来没在流血上有效果。这元分析证明外科手术前的finasteride治疗能减少intraoperative出血在为BPH的外科期间。外科手术前的dutasteride没在intraoperative上有效果出血，而是进一步高质量的未来的研究仍然被需要证实这观察。

简介：Benignprostatichyperplasia(BPH)isanage-relateddiseaseofunknownetiology,characterizedbyprostaticenlargementcoincidentwithdistinctalterationsintissuehistology.Inthepresentstudy,weinvestigatedwhethertriptolidecanpreventtestosterone-inducedprostatichyperplasiainrats.Castrationwasperformedviathescrotalrouteafterurethaneaesthesia.BPHwasinducedinexperimentalgroupsbydailysubcutaneousinjectionsoftestosteronepropionate(TP)fortwoweeks.Triptolidewasadministereddailybyoralgavageatadoseof100and50μg×kg~(-1)for2weeks,alongwiththeTPinjections.Onday14,theanimalswerehumanelykilledbycervicaldislocationafteraesthesia.Prostateswereexcised,weighed,andusedforhistologicalstudies.Testosteroneanddihydrotestosterone(DHT)levelsinserumandprostateweremeasured.Theresultsshowedthattriptolidesignificantlyreducedtheprostateweight,andthetestosteroneandDHTlevelsinboththeserumandprostate.HistopathologicalexaminationalsoshowedthattriptolidetreatmentsuppressedTP-inducedprostatichyperplasia.Inconclusion,triptolideeffectivelyinhibitsthedevelopmentofBPHinducedbytestosteroneinaratmodel.

简介：