简介：Throughdensifiedsurfacesamplingofforaminiferaandaccurateelevationmeasurementalongthreetransectlinesinopen-coasttidalsalt-marshofJianchuan,particularsalt-marshforaminiferaassemblageswerefound.Thesalt-marshforaminiferaassemblagesaredistributedinwell-definedverticalzonationswithrespecttoelevationandcloselyparallelmarshfloralzonations.Atthetopoftheverticalzonationallforaminiferadisappearabruptlywhichareaccuratelylocatedatthehighesthighwaterdatum.Thisdistributionpatterncanbeusedtorelocateformersealevelsaccurately(toanaccuracyofwithin±5cm).Amodemregionalcriterionofforaminiferaforrelocatingtheformersealevelsinhighresolutioninourcountryisprovided,anddeficienciesofstudyingtheverticalzonationonlyinshelteredcoastsalt-marshabroadarefilledup.

简介：在西南的华南海的海面温度(SST)从核心MD01-2392用U_(37)~kpaleothermometer为过去的160ka被重建了。冰川的时间(小姐6和2)和间冰期的时间之间的Thetemperature差别(错过5。5and1)是2。2～2.5℃。更年轻的Dryas事件在有孔虫目的δ~(18)O和SST记录的两theplank补品在最后冰川的消失期间被记录。在MIS5.5以后，SST显示了从28的进步冷却。6。5℃，在LGM达到顶点。在这个渐渐的冷却时期期间，温暖象小姐5.3那样的事件，5。1和3清楚地也被记录。由在学习核心和核心之间的SST的比较17954，低或不南方的SST坡度的一个模式在冰纪期间在间冰期的时期和高南方的SST坡度期间被展出。这个模式显示强壮得多的东方亚洲冬季季风在比在间冰期的时期冰川。光谱分析给二突出的周期：与更多读了的前者，在南部的SCS建议那SST通过东方亚洲冬季季风的连接与高纬度的过程在音乐会改变了的41和23ka。

简介：Theseasonalvariabilityofthesignificantwaveheight(SWH)intheSouthChinaSea(SCS)isinvestigatedusingthemostup-to-dategriddeddailyaltimeterdatafortheperiodofSeptember2009toAugust2015.TheresultsindicatethattheSWHshowsauniformseasonalvariationinthewholeSCS,withitsmaximaoccurringinDecember/JanuaryandminimainMay.Throughouttheyear,theSWHintheSCSisthelargestaroundLuzonStrait(LS)andthengraduallydecreasessouthwardacrossthebasin.Thesurfacewindspeedhasasimilarseasonalvariation,butwithdifferentspatialdistributionsinmostmonthsoftheyear.FurtheranalysisindicatesthattheobservedSWHvariationsaredominatedbyswell.Thewindseaheight,however,ismuchsmaller.ItisthethelargestintworegionssouthwestofTaiwanIslandandsoutheastofVietnamCoastduringthenortheasterlymonsoon,whilethelargestinthecentral/southernSCSduringthesouthwesterlymonsoon.Theextremewaveconditionalsoexperiencesasignificantseasonalvariation.InmostregionsofthenorthernandcentralSCS,themaximaofthe99thpercentileSWHthatarelargerthantheSWHtheoreticallycalculatedwiththewindspeedforthefullydevelopedseasmainlyappearinAugust–November,closelyrelatedtostrongtropicalcycloneactivities.Comparedwithpreviousstudies,itisalsoimpliedthatthewaveclimateinthePacificOceanplaysanimportantroleinthewaveclimatevariationsintheSCS.

简介：AclusterofearthquakesoccurredintheTaiwanShoalregionontheouterriseoftheManilaTrench.Althoughmostwereofsmalltomediummagnitudes,onestrongearthquakeoccurredonSeptember16,1994.Severalpreviousstudieshaveprovidedimportantinformationtoprogressourunderstandingofthissingleearthquake.However,littleiscurrentlyknownabouttheearthquakecluster,anditisnecessarytoinvestigatethedeepcrustalstructureoftheTaiwanShoalregiontounderstandthemechanismsinvolvedincontrollingandgeneratingit.Thisstudypresentsatwo-dimensionalseismictomographicimageofthecrustalstructurealongtheOBS2012profilebasedonocean-bottomseismograph(OBS)data,whichexhibitsahigh-velocityanomalyflankedbylow-velocityanomaliesintheuppercrustbeneaththeTaiwanShoal.Inthisstudy,765earthquakes(RichtermagnitudeML>1.5)occurringbetween1991and2015werestudiedandanalysesofearthquakeepicenters,regionalfaults,andthecrustalstructureprovidesanimprovedunderstandingofthenatureofactivetectonicsinthisregion.Resultsofanalysesindicatefirstlythatthehigh-velocityarearepresentsmajorasperitiesthatcorrespondtothelocationoftheearthquakeclusterandwherestressisconcentrated.Itisalsodepictedthattheearthquakeclusterwasinfluencedbyfaultinteractions.However,theSeptember1994earthquakeoccurredindependentlyoftheseseismicactivitiesandwasassociatedwithreactivationofapreexistingfault.Itisalsodeterminedthatslabpullisresistedbytheexposedprecollisionaccretionaryprism,andtheresistiveforceiscausingaccumulationofinplanecompressive-stress.ThismaytriggerafuturedamagingearthquakeintheTaiwanShoalregion.

简介：西北的华南海深海位于对Qiongdongnan盆(QDN盆)的南部的部分中央，它是为最近的年里的烃探索的一个关键地点。在这研究，作者做了严肃磁性的数据的全面分析，地震调查，核心和剪样，古生物学和geochemical索引的广泛的3D，建议了天然气起源，识别的不同的油和煤气的系统的机制，并且在深海的区域建立了烃累积的模型。我们的盆构造模拟显示QDN盆的进化被多重阶段的构造运动控制例如印度支那欧亚的板碰撞，西藏高举，指责的红河和被Paleogenerifting，晚第三纪消沉，并且始新世的集中的指责和湖的存款描绘的华南海的扩大。钻的结果证明这个区域被过渡的marineterrestrial和neritic-bathyal外形从早渐新世统治。早渐新世的Yacheng形成富于有机物和主要煤气来源的岩石。根据从最近的钻井的geological-geochemical数据，Lingshui，Baodao，Changchang下垂有好产生烃的潜力，在从Paleogene和晚第三纪水库的二出戏被开发的地方。那些水库发生在中央峡谷structural-lithologic陷井地区，Changchang边缘的陷井地区和Baodao的南部的差错梯田下垂。在他们之中，因为各种各样的reservoirforming元素很好被开发，中央峡谷陷井地区为探索有一个大潜力，即，好煤措施来源岩石，从晚第三纪混浊沙岩的足够的水库和海底的扇子，差错连接来源岩石和水库，有效垂直移植，迟了的舞台聚集和有利structurallithological合成套住。这些学习结果在这个区域为烃探索提供一个重要科学基础，由重要商业LS的最近的发现证实了--在Lingshui的中央峡谷的一块煤气的地下垂。

简介：Edgedetectionenablesidentificationofgeomorphologicunitboundariesandthusassistswithgeomorphicalmapping.Inthispaper,anintelligentedgeidentificationmethodisproposedandimageprocessingtechniquesareappliedtomulti-beambathymetrydata.Toaccomplishthis,acolorimageisgeneratedbythebathymetry,andaweightedmethodisusedtoconvertthecolorimagetoagrayimage.Asthequalityoftheimagehasasignificantinfluenceonedgedetection,differentfiltermethodsareappliedtothegrayimageforde-noising.Thepeaksignal-to-noiseratioandmeansquareerrorarecalculatedtoevaluatewhichfiltermethodismostappropriatefordepthimagefilteringandtheedgeissubsequentlydetectedusinganimagebinarizationmethod.Traditionalimagebinarizationmethodscannotmanagethecomplicatedunevenseafloor,andthereforeabinarizationmethodisproposedthatisbasedonthedifferencebetweenimagepixelvalues;theappropriatethresholdforimagebinarizationisestimatedaccordingtotheprobabilitydistributionofpixelvaluedifferencesbetweentwoadjacentpixelsinhorizontalandverticaldirections,respectively.Finally,aneight-neighborhoodframeisadoptedtothinthebinaryimage,connecttheintermittentedge,andimplementcontourextraction.Experimentalresultsshowthatthemethoddescribedherecanrecognizethemainboundariesofgeomorphologicunits.Inaddition,theproposedautomaticedgeidentificationmethodavoidsuseofsubjectivejudgment,andreducestimeandlaborcosts.

简介：RelativerolesofEkmantransportandEkmanpumpingindrivingsummerupwellingintheSouthChinaSea(SCS)areexaminedusingQuikSCATscatterometerwinddata.ThemajorupwellingregionsintheSCSarethecoastalregionseastandsoutheastofVietnam(UESEV),eastandsoutheastofHainanIsland(UESEH),andsoutheastofGuangdongprovince(USEG).ItisshownthattheEkmantransportduetoalongshorewindsandEkmanpumpingduetooffshorewindstresscurlplaydifferentrolesinthethreeupwellingsystems.InUESEV,EkmanpumpingandEkmantransportareequallyimportantingeneratingupwelling.TheEkmantransportincreaseslinearlyfrom0.49SvinMayto1.23SvinAugust,whiletheEkmanpumpingincreasesfrom0.36to1.22Svduringthesameperiod.InUESEH,themeanestimatesofEkmantransportandEkmanpumpingare0.14and0.07Sv,respectively,indicatingthat33%ofthetotalwind-drivenupwellingisduetoEkmanpumping.InUSEG,themeanEkmantransportis0.041SvwiththepeakoccurringinJuly,whileEkmanpumpingismuchsmaller(0.003onaverage),indicatingthattheupwellinginthisareaisprimarilydrivenbyEkmantransport.Inthesummersof2003and2007followingElNio-SouthernOscillation(ENSO)events,bothEkmantransportandEkmanpumpingdecreaseinUESEVduetotheabnormallyweaksouthwestmonsoon.Duringthesameevents,however,EkmantransportisslightlyenhancedandEkmanpumpingisweakenedinUESEHandUSEG.

简介：Seasonalvariationsofphytoplankton/chlorophyll-a(Chl-a)distribution,seasurfacewind,seaheightanomaly,seasurfacetemperatureandotheroceanicenvironmentsforlongperiodsareanalyzedintheSouthChinaSea(SCS),especiallyinthetwotypicalregionsofftheeastcoastofVietnamandoffthenorthwestcoastofLuzon,usingremotesensingdataandotheroceanographicdata.TheresultsshowthatseasonalandspatialdistributionsofphytoplanktonbiomassintheSCSareprimarilyinfluencedbythemonsoonwindsandoceanicenvironments.OfftheeastcoastofVietnam,Chl-aconcentrationisapeakinAugust,ajetshapeextendingintotheinteriorSCS,whichisassociatedwithstrongsouthwesterlymonsoonwinds,thecoastalupwellinginducedbyoffshoreEkmantransportandthestrongoffshorecurrentinthewesternSCS.InDecember,highChl-aconcentrationappearsintheupwellingregionoffthenorthwestcoastofLuzonandspreadssouthwestward.Strongmixingbythestrongnortheasterlymonsoonwinds,thecycloniccirculation,southwestwardcoastalcurrentsandriverdischargehaveimpactsondistributionofphytoplankton,sothatthehighphytoplanktonbiomassextendsfromthecoastalareasoverthenorthernSCStotheentireSCSinwinter.TheseresearchactivitiescouldbeimportantforrevealingspatialandtemporalpatternsofphytoplanktonandtheirinteractionswithphysicalenvironmentsintheSCS.

简介：BasedonthesurveydatafromtheprogramMultidisciplinaryExpeditiontoNanshaIslandsSeaArea,thedistributionofdissolvedinorganicphosphate(PO43--P)intheseawaterofNanshaIslandsSeaAreaiscomprehensivelyanalyzedinthispaper.TheresultsshowthatPO43--PconcentrationintheseawaterofsoutheasternNanshaIslandsSeaAreaiscommonlyhigherthanthatintheotherseaareas;theverticaldistributionofPO43--Pconcentrationvariesinconspicuouslyindifferentseasons;theconcentrationofPO43--Pincreaseswithwaterdepthandchangesmostgreatlyinthelayerof50～100m.ThediurnalvariationofPO43--Pconcentrationdiffersindifferentseasonsandatdifferentobservationstations.ThedistributionandvariationofPO43--Pconcentrationresultfromthephysicalandbiologicalprocessestogether.

简介：InordertounderstandthetypeandextentofmarinefoulinginoffshoreareassoutheastoftheZhujiang(Pearl)Riverdelta,withintheperiodformMay1986toJune1987,twobiologicalbuoysweredeployedatwaterdepthsof95mand113mlocatedin114kmand160kmoffthecoastofHongKong,respectively.Moreover,thefoulingcommunityofaMarexhydrologicalbuoylocatedin115mdepthwater172kmoffHongKongwasalsosurveyed.Theresultsshowthatatotalof78specieswerecollectedandidentified.Thepanelsexposedfor3monthsweremainlydominatedbystalkedbarnaclesConchodermahunteriandLepasanatiferaandhydroidsOrthopyxissp.Asforthebuoys,includingthesubsurfacebuoy,andtheirmooringsystemsexposedfor6and12months,respectively,somehardfoulerssuchascommonoysters,pearloysters,acornbarnaclesandbryozoanswerealsofound.Thecompositionsoffoulingcommunitiesalsovariedgreatlywithdepth.

简介：Multiplesetsoforganic-richshalesdevelopedintheUpperPaleozoicofthenorthwesternGuizhongDepressioninSouthChina.However,theexplorationoftheseshalesispresentlyatarelativelyimmaturestage.TheUpperPaleozoicshalesinthenorthwesternGuizhongDepression,includingtheMiddleDevonianLuofushale,theNabiaoshale,andtheLowerCarboniferousYanguanshale,wereinvestigatedinthisstudy.Mineralcompositionanalysis,organicmatteranalysis（includingtotalorganiccarbon（TOC）content,maceralofkerogenandthevitrinitereflection（Ro））,porecharacteristicanalysis（includingporosityandpermeability,poretypeidentificationbySEM,andporesizedistributionbynitrogensorption）,methaneisothermalsorptiontestwereconducted,andthedistributionandthicknessoftheshalesweredetermined,Thenthecharacteristicsofthetwotargetshaleswereillustratedandcompared.TheresultsshowthattheUpperPaleozoicshaleshavefavorableorganicmatterconditions（mainlymoderatetohighTOCcontent,typeⅠandⅡ_1kerogenandhightoovermaturity）,goodfracabilitypotential（brittlenessindex（BI）〉40%）,multipleporetypes,stabledistributionandeffectivethickness,andgoodmethanesorptioncapacity.Therefore,theUpperPaleozoicshalesinthenorthernGuizhongDepressionhavegoodshalegaspotentialandexplorationprospects.Moreover,theaverageTOCcontent,averageBI,thicknessoftheorganic-richshale（TOC〉2.0wt%）andtheshalegasresourcesoftheMiddleDevonianshalesarebetterthanthoseoftheLowerCarboniferousshale.TheMiddleDevonianshaleshavebettershalegaspotentialandexplorationprospectsthantheLowerCarboniferousshales.

简介：ThisstudyexaminesthemodulationoftropicalcyclogenesisovertheSouthChinaSea(SCS)bytheElNio-SouthernOscillation(ENSO)Modokiduringtheborealsummer.Resultsrevealthatthereweremoretropicalcyclones(TCs)formedovertheSCSduringcentralPacificwarmingyearsandlessTCfrequencyduringcentralPacificcoolingyears.Howdifferentenvironmentalfactors(includinglow-levelrelativevorticity,mid-levelrelativehumidity,verticalwindshear,andpotentialintensity)contributetothisinfluenceisinvestigated,usingagenesispotential(GP)indexdevelopedbyEmanuelandNolan.CompositeanomaliesoftheGPindexareproducedforcentralPacificwarmingandcoolingyearsseparately,whichcouldaccountforthechangesofTCfrequencyovertheSCSindifferentENSOModokiphases.Thedegreeofcontributionbyeachfactorisdeterminedquantitativelybyproducingcompositesofmodifiedindicesinwhichonlyoneofthecontributingfactorsvaries,withtheotherssettoclimatology.Theresultssuggestthattheverticalwindshearandlow-levelrelativevorticity,whichareassociatedwiththeENSOModoki-inducedanomalouscirculationsinMatsuno-Gillpatterns,makethelargestcontributionstotheENSOModokimodulationoftropicalcyclogenesisovertheSCSasimpliedbytheGPindex.TheseresultshighlighttheimportantrolesofdynamicfactorsinthemodulationofTCfrequencyovertheSCSbytheENSOModokiduringtheborealsummer.

简介：OnthebasisofhydrographicdataobtainedinNovember28toDecember27,1998cruise,thecalculationofthecirculationintheSouthChinaSea(SCS)ismadebyusingtheP-vectormethod,incombinationwithSSHdatafromTOPEX/ERS-2analysis.Forstudyofthedynamicalmechanism,whichcausesthepatternofwintercirculationintheSCS,thediagnosticmodel(Yuanetal.,1982;YuanandSu,1992)isusedtosimulatenumericallythewintercirculationintheSCS.Thefollowingresultshavebeenobtained.(1)ThemaincharacteristicsofthecirculationsystemsinthecentralSCSareasfollows:AcoastalsouthwardjetinwinterispresentatthewesternboundarynearthecoastofVietnam;thereisastrongercycloniccirculationwithalargerhorizontalscaleeastofthiscoastalsouthwardjetandwestof114°E;thereisaweakeranti-cycloniccirculationinthecentralpartofeasternSCS;thereisastrongerandnortheastwardflowopposingthenortheasterlymonsoonbetweenaboveastrongercycloniccirculationandaweakeranti-cycloniccirculation.(2)ThecirculationsystemsinthenorthernSCSareasfollows:1)ThereisacycloniccirculationsystemnorthwestofLuzon,andithasthreecentersofthecoldwater;2)Thereisananti-cycloniceddy.Itscenterislocatednear(20°N,116°40′E);3)Thereisawarmandanti-cycloniccirculationsouthofHainanIsland;4)Thereisanortheastwardflow,theSouthChinaSeaWarmCurrent,inwinteroffGuangdongcoastinthenorthernSCS.(3)InthesouthernSCSthereisananti-cycloniccirculation,andalsothereisasmallerscalecoldwaterandcycloniceddy.(4)TheabovepatternofwintercirculationintheSCSagreesqualitativelywiththehorizontaldistributionoftemperatureat200mlevel.(5)Thedynamicalmechanismwhichproducestheabovebasicpatternofwintercirculationisbecauseofthefollowingtwocauses:1)Thejointeffectofthebaroclinityandrelief(JEBAR)isanessentialdynamicalcause;2)Theinteractionbetweenthewindstressandb

简介：自动化鉴定并且mesoscale海洋旋涡追踪最近在物理海洋学成为了一个研究热点。几个方法被开发了并且适用在华南海(SCS)调查海洋旋涡的一般运动、几何的特征。然而，很少的研究试图检验内部进化处理的旋涡。在这研究，我们报导了一个混合方法基于他们的内部结构在SCS跟踪旋涡繁殖，它被旋涡中心，脚印边阶，和合成边阶描绘。埃迪鉴定和追踪的结果被一个官方补给底的空间与时间的模型代表。消失，再现，裂口，和合并的立刻的国家，动态进化过程，和事件的信息在一个GIS数据库被存储。结果被在北SCS对十个Dongsha气旋的旋涡(数据通信设备)和三个长寿逆旋风的旋涡(王牌)比较验证，它在以前的文学被报导。我们的学习证实了这些旋涡的发展。而且，我们在我们的数据库从2005～2012在这些区域发现了更像数据通信设备、像王牌的旋涡。消失，重现，切开，并且合并活动的空间分发分析证明在SCS的旋涡趋于到簇到吕宋岛岛的西北，吕宋岛海峡的西南，并且在越南的边缘的海附近。在这些区域的自台湾东面的菲律宾海流向日本的暖流侵入和复杂的海地板地形学是导致这些空间簇的可能的因素。

简介：在西北太平洋(NWP)形成的热带气旋(TC)能有时穿过华南海(SCS)。在在11月的SCS的TC轨道在1980前与那些相比在1980以后被转移到北方，这被发现。数据分析和数字模拟证明在SCS温暖的表面可以更向北方贡献这移动。温暖在西北的SCS生产一个气旋的空气发行量异例并且一联系在驾驶TC到北方的中央SCS南方。

简介：TheSouthChinaSea(SCS)andtheArabianSea(AS)arebothlocatedroughlyinthenorthtropicalzonewitharangeofsimilarlatitude(0°–24°N).Monsoonwindsplaysimilarrolesintheupperoceaniccirculationsofthebothseas.Butthedistinctpatternsofchlorophylla(Chla)concentrationareobservedbetweentheSCSandtheAS.TheChlaconcentrationintheSCSisgenerallylowerthanthatintheASinsummer(June–August);thesummerChlaconcentrationintheASshowsstrongerinterannualvariation,comparedwiththatintheSCS;Moderateresolutionimagingspectroradiometer(MODIS)-deriveddatapresenthigheratmosphericaerosoldepositionandstrongerwindspeedintheAS.Andithasalsobeenfoundthatgoodcorrelationsexistbetweentheindexofthedustprecipitationindicatedbyaerosolopticalthickness(AOT)andtheChlaconcentration,orbetweenwindandChlaconcentration.TheseimplythatthewindandthedustprecipitationbringmorenutrientsintotheASfromthesky,thesub-layerorcoastregions,inducinghigherChlaconcentration.TheresultsindicatethatthewindvelocityandthedustprecipitationcanplayimportantrolesintheChlaconcentrationfortheASandtheSCSinsummer.HoweveraerosolimpactisweakonthebiologicalproductivityinthewestSCSandwind-inducedupwellingisthemainsource.

简介：Inthisstudy,about220satelliteimagesbetween2000and2012wereobtainedfromFY-series,MODIS,CBERS,HJ-1AandHJ-1BtoestimatetheimpactofduststormsontheSouthYellowSea(SYS),whichserveasanimportantsourceofparticlesthere.Theanalyzingresultsfromtheimagessupportatotaloccurrenceof88duststorms(includingthelocally-generateddustyweather)thataffectedtheSYSduring2000–2012.Theannualoccurrencewasabout4–10times(10timesin2000and2004;fourtimesin2009and2012),predominantlyinMarch(29%),April(33%)andMay(22%).Bymappingthedistributionoftheirfrequency,theduststormsinfluencingtheSYSwerefoundprimarilymovingfromthenorthwest(39times,44.3%)andwest(37times,42%)tothestudyregionwithonly11duststorms(12.5%)comingfromthenorthand1duststorm(1%)fromthesouthwest.Weestimatedthatanannualamountof0.5–3.5milliontonsofsedimentparticleswasbroughttotheSYSbytheduststormsduring2000–2012.

简介：Multi-beambathymetryandseismicsequencesurveysinthenorthernslopeoftheSouthChinaSearevealdetailedgeomorphologyandseismicstratigraphycharacteristicsofcanyons,gullies,andmassmovements.ModerncanyonsandgulliesareroughlyelongatedNNW–SSWwithU-shapedcrosssectionsatwaterdepthsof400–1000m.Massmovementsincludeslidecomplexes,slidescars,anddebris/turbidityflows.SlidecomplexesandslidescarsareorientedintheNE–SWdirectionandcoveranareaofabout1790and926km2,respectively.Thedebris/turbidityflowsdevelopedalongthelowerslope.Adetailedfaciesanalysissuggeststhatfourseismicfaciesexist,andthelateCenozoicstratigraphyabovetheacousticbasementcanberoughlysubdividedintothreesequencesseparatedbyregionalunconformitiesinthestudyarea.Theoccurrenceofgashydratesismarkedbyseismicvelocityanomalies,bottom-simulatingreflectors,gaschimneys,andpockmarksinthestudyarea.Seismicobservationssuggestthatmoderncanyonsandmassmovementsformedaroundthetransitionbetweenthelastglacialperiodandthecurrentinterglacialperiod.Thepossibleexistenceanddissociationofgashydratesandtheregionaltectonicsettingmaytriggerinstabilityandmassmovementsontheseafloor.Canyonsmaybethefinalresultofgashydratedissociation.Ourstudyaimstocontributenewinformationthatisapplicabletoengineeringconstructionrequiredfordeep-waterpetroleumexplorationandgashydratesurveysalonganymarginalsea.

简介：Onthebasisof900-yearintegrationofaglobaloceancirculationmodel-LICOMdrivenbyECMWFreanalysiswinddatawithuniform0.5°-grids,aquantitativeestimateoftheannualandmonthlymeanwaterexchangeoftheSouthChinaSea(SCS)withitsadjacentoceansthrough5straitsisobtained.Amongthem,theannualtransportisthelargestintheLuzonStrait,thenintheTaiwanStrait,andthenintheSundaShelf,intheBalabacStraitandintheMindoroStraitinturn,thelargestmonthlytransportvariationappearsintheLuzonStraitandSundashelf.ItisshownthatthemasstransportthroughtheTaiwanStraitisaffectedbymonsoon,whilethetransportthroughtheLuzonStraitmaybeassociatedwiththebifurcationpositionoftheNorthEquatorialCurrentofftheeastPhilippinesshore;thetransportsintheLuzonStraitandSundaShelfareoutofphaseindirectionbutwellcorrelatedinmagnitude.TheannualandmonthlymeanheatandsalinityexchangeoftheSCSthroughthestraitsarealsocalculatedandshowntobeinphasewiththemasstransport.TheKuroshiowatercarriesabout0.43PWheattransportand151.33kt/ssalinitytransportintotheSCS,whilemostofthemiscarriedoutoftheSCSthroughtheTaiwanStraitandSundaShelfannually.Thefurthermodelintegrationbasedonthe900-yearintegrationforanother44afrom1958to2001drivenbyrealwinddata(ERA40data)showsthatthemonthlymeanmasstransportviathesestraitsvariesannuallywithalargevariationrange,whichmaybeassociatedwiththeseasonalandinterannualvariationsinthecurrentfieldandseasurfaceheightintheSCS.ThemeanmasstransportthroughtheTaiwanStrait,LuzonStrait,MindoroStrait,BalabacStraitandSundaShelfis2.012×106,-4.063×106,-0.124×106,-0.083×106and2.258×106m3/s,respectively.

简介：ThisstudyexaminestheseasonalvariationsoftropicalcyclogenesisovertheSouthChinaSea(SCS)usingagenesispotential(GP)indexdevelopedbyEmanuelandNolan.Howdifferentenvironmentalfactors(includinglow-levelvorticity,mid-levelrelativehumidity,verticalwindshear,andpotentialintensity)contributetothesevariationsisinvestigated.CompositeanomaliesoftheGPindexareproducedforthesummerandwintermonsoonsseparately.ThesecompositesreplicatetheobservedseasonalvariationsoftheobservedfrequencyandlocationoftropicalcyclogenesisovertheSCS.Thedegreeofcontributionbyeachfactorindifferentregionsisdeterminedquantitativelybyproducingcompositesofmodifiedindicesinwhichonlyoneofthecontributingfactorsvaries,withtheotherssettoclimatology.OverthenorthernSCS,potentialintensitymakesthelargestcontributionstotheseasonalvariationsintropicalcyclogenesis.OverthesouthernSCS,thelow-levelrelativevorticityplaystheprimaryroleintheseasonalmodulationoftropicalcyclone(TC)genesisfrequency,andtheverticalwindshearplaysthesecondaryrole.ThermodynamicfactorsplaymoreimportantrolesfortheseasonalvariationsintropicalcyclogenesisoverthenorthernSCS,whiledynamicfactorsaremoreimportantintheseasonalmodulationofTCgenesisfrequencyoverthesouthernSCS.