简介:<正>Financematters—notleastin(civil)war.Evenbeyondthefinancialmeasureinitselftofinancethewarthereisthepotentialitytoconstructaconceptofafriendlyleader,oranenemywhobreakswiththe(unwritten)rulesofpolitics.AsmallepisodeinCaesar’sBellumCivileclearlyshowshowtoplaywithwordstoundermineauthority—herePompeius’:
简介:
简介:<正>EnChine,plusde500enseignantsdefran?aislangueétrangèredispersésdans150universitésontencharge10,000étudiantsquiapprennentl’anglaiscommepremièrelangueétrangèreetlefran?aiscommesecondelangue.Parmanqued’unprogrammenational,l’enseignementduF.L.E.nepouvaitpasatteindrelaqualitédeceluidel’anglaisrégiparunprogrammenationaldepuis1986.L’anglaisrégiparunprogrammenationald’enseignementduF.L.E.nesouffreaucundélai,nousnoussommesmisàl’oeuvreen1988sousladirectionduComiténationalpourl’Educationetavonsmenénotreentrepriseàtermeen1990.
简介:ntroductionThemeaningoftheexpressiongisbi2-(in)-DU3,intheroyalinscriptionofUtu-hegalrecordinghisvictoriouscampaignagainstGutium,isstillnuclear.F.Thureau-Dangin(1912)readtheexpressiongis-ne-GAGwiththetranslation"tosacrifice"followedbyseveralotherscholars(Kramer1963,325f.;IRSA,130-2).W.H.Ph.Romerhashowever,inhistreatmentoftheinscription,mostconvincinglyarguedfortherejectionofthistranslation.2Inadditiontohisarguments,wemayperhapsaddthatthedifferentcontextsinwhichgisbi2-DU3ismentioneddonotseemtobeofareligiousch...
简介:AmEndeseinerTiberius-BiographieführtSuetonvierTodesszenariendesKaisersan,1einesdavonsollausderBürgerkriegsgeschichtedesSenecaMaiorstammenundlautetwiefolgt(Suet.Tib.73,2=PeterF2,FRHist74F1):2Senecaeumscribitintellectadefectioneexemptumanulumquasialicuitraditurumparumpertenuisse,deinrursusaptassedigitoetcompressasinistramanuiacuissediuimmobilem,subitovocatisministrisacneminerespondenteconsurrexissenecproculalectulodeficientibusviribusconcidisse.
简介:ThispaperpresentsadiplomatictranscriptionoftheSanskrittextcorrespondingtothatofmissingleaves(fols.2,6,7)ofAsa(n)ga'sAbhidharmasamuccayamanuscriptbasedononeofthetwoextantmanuscriptsofSthiramati'sAbhidharmasamuccayavyākhyā.ThelatterisatextwhichcombinestheentiretextsoftheAbhidharmasamuccayaandtheAbhidharmasamuccayabhāsyaascribedto*JinaputrabyinsertingallsentencesfromthebhāsyaintoappropriateplacesofthebasictextoftheAbhidharmasamuccaya?TheAbhidharmasamuccayamanuscriptisacodexunicusconsistingof44foliosintotal,ofwhichonly17folioshadpreviouslybeenavailable(publishedbyGokhale19472),andmorehaverecentlybecomeavailable(transcribedbyLi2013,20143).Therearethusstill16foliosyettobefound(seeTablebelow).Fortunately,theSanskrittextofthemissing16foliosispreservedinthetwoAbhidharmasamuccayavyākhyāmanuscripts.4
简介:大量基层"贪污分子"在1960年代的城市"五反"运动中被揭露出来,"贪污盗窃、投机倒把行为"是基本前提,而他们的出身及履历、在运动中的态度和行为、日常表现等因素,也在不同程度、不同情况下对其身份认定和处理结果产生影响。本文利用甘肃省D地区48组"贪污分子"的个人材料讨论"五反"运动中"小人物"的遭遇,结论认为每个人的"五反"运动经历都是独特而不可复制的,体现了历史发展的规律性、偶然性及复杂性,表明政治运动的基层运行逻辑是极其私人化的个人体验。