简介：目的：探讨胎牛血清对小鼠角膜上皮细胞生长和分化的影响。方法：分别在无血清低钙培养基（KSFM）和含100mL／L胎牛血清的KSFM中培养小鼠角膜上皮细胞。比较两种培养基中角膜上皮细胞的群体倍增（PD）。通过RT-PCR和Westernblotting方法检测p63、角蛋白19以及involucrin的表达。结果：在KSFM中，小鼠角膜上皮细胞可稳定传代超过25代，但在含胎牛血清的培养基中，细胞仅能存活3代。在KSFM中，培养细胞呈典型铺路石样外观，RT-PCR和Westernblotting结果显示细胞表达p63、角蛋白19以及involucrin。当培养基中加入胎牛血清后，细胞形态明显增大，呈扁平状；involucrin表达显著增强。结论：胎牛血清可抑制小鼠角膜上皮细胞增生、诱导其分化。

简介：目的分析泪囊鼻腔吻合术术后复发的原因并探讨再次手术的可行性。方法对11例泪囊鼻腔吻合术术后复发的患者予以再手术治疗,随访半年至一年。结果复发原因：泪囊未完全切开2例,骨孔过小或位置错误4例,吻合腔或骨孔内肉芽组织增生堵塞5例;10例术后流泪消失,泪道冲洗通畅,占90.91%,1例流泪减轻,泪道冲洗基本畅通,占9.09%。结论泪囊鼻腔吻合术术后复发患者可以通过再次手术重建泪道,是治疗泪囊鼻腔吻合术术后复发的有效方法之一。

简介：AIM:Toassessthequantitativeassociationbetweenanisometropiamagnitude(AM)andthelossesofresolutionandcontrastsensitivity;andtoexemplifyhowthefunctionoffusionandstereopsisvarywithAMinpreviouslyuntreatedanisometropicamblyopia.METHODS:Atotalof57patientswithpreviouslyuntreatedanisometropicamblyopiawithoutstrabismus(range:8-35years),weremeasuredrefractiveerror,bestcorrectedvisualacuity(BCVA),fusionandstereopsis,and48patientshavecompletedcontrastsensitivityfunctiontest.AMwasdeterminedbydioptricvectoradditionmodel,andtheamblyopiadepthwasdeterminedbythedifferenceofBCVAinlogMARunitsbetweentheamblyopicandfelloweyes.RESULTS:AMwassignificantlycorrelatedwithbothamblyopiadepth(PearsonR=0.728,P<0.001)andtheinter-oculardifferenceoftheareaunderthelogcontrastsensitivityfunction(AULCSF)(R=0.505,P<0.001).Depthofamblyopiaandtheinter-oculardifferenceofAULCSFwasalsosignificantlycorrelated(R=0.761,P<0.001).Themoreseverityofamblyopia,thepoorerlevelsofcontrastsensitivity.MostpureanisometropeswithAMwaslessthan3.0Dretainfusionandsomestereopsis,butwhenAMweremorethan3.0D,especiallyfortheanisometropeswhoseAMwasmorethan6.0D,fusionandstereopsisfunctionwereseriouslyimpaired.CONCLUSION:Inthepatientswithpreviouslyuntreatedanisometropicamblyopia,higherdegreeofanisometropiaissignificantlyassociatedwithdeeperamblyopia,worsecontrastsensitivity,fusionandstereopsisfunctions.

简介：目的：探讨高度近视黄斑病变的光学相干断层扫描（OCT）和眼底荧光血管造影（FFA）的形态学特征、分类和对比分析。方法：对入选的高度近视黄斑病变患者61例101眼均行标准对数视力表检查，验光确定屈光度及最佳矫正视力（BCVA），并用IOL-Master测量眼轴长度。入选者需在同一天内行散瞳眼底检查、OCT及FFA检查，必要时行眼底联合造影（FFA＆ICGA）。分析不同类型的OCT及FFA形态学特征之间的相互联系，并探讨其与屈光度、最佳矫正视力、眼轴长度及中心凹厚度之间的关系。结果：FFA分类的漆样裂纹型在OCT分类的1型中所占比例为57．14％，显著高于新生血管型和黄斑萎缩型（21.43％），差异有统计学意义（P＜0．05）。FFA分类的黄斑萎缩型在OCT分类的2型中所占的比例为67．80％，显著高于漆样裂纹型（18．64％）和新生血管型（13．56％），差异有统计学意义（P＜0．05）。OCT3型均属于FFA分类的黄斑萎缩型。OCT1型的屈光度、眼轴长度明显低于2型和3型，而最佳矫正视力和中心凹厚度则明显高于2型和3型。FFA的漆样裂纹型与新生血管型在屈光度及眼轴长度上虽无明显差异，但后者的BCVA及中心凹厚度显著低于前者（P＜0．05）。漆样裂纹型及新生血管型的屈光度、眼轴长度均显著低于黄斑萎缩型，最佳矫正视力则明显高于黄斑萎缩型（P＜0．05）。结论：高度近视黄斑病变的OCT和FFA形态学特征密切相关，结合OCT和FFA的图像特征对高度近视黄斑病变形态学改变进行对比分析，不仅有助于明确病变的性质，提高我们对疾病发病机制及预后转归的认识，更为临床诊疗提供了有力的支持。

简介：后发性白内障是现代白内障术后最常见的并发症。术后晶状体囊残留的晶状体上皮细胞的增殖、迁移、纤维化生是形成后发性白内障的主要原因。目前防治后发障的研究主要集中在药物除去或破坏残留晶状体上皮细胞。实验研究许多细胞毒药以及抑制晶状体上皮细胞生长和纤维化药物可以预防后发障，但目前临床上还没安全、有效的防治白内障方法。

简介：AIM:Tomeasurecentralcornealthickness(CCT)andpre-cornealtearfilmthicknessusingtheGalileidualScheimpfluganalyzer(GSA)inNewZealandWhiterabbits.METHODS:TennormalNewZealandWhiterabbits(20eyes)wereincludedinthisstudy.Withtheassistanceof0.1%fluorescein,thepre-cornealtearfilmcanbewellvisualized.BotheyesofeachrabbitwerescannedoncewiththeGSApre-andpost-instillationof1μL0.1%fluorescein.ThedifferencebetweenthetwomeasurementsofCCT(4-mmdiameter)wasrecordedasthepachymetricvaluesofthecentraltearfilm.RESULTS:TheCCTofpre-andpost-instillationwas388.8±9.5μmand407.0±10.5μm,respectively.Afterapairedt-testanalysis,thecentralpre-cornealtearfilmthicknessof4mmdiameterwas18.2±5.31μmwitha95%confidenceintervalof(15.7,20.6)μm(P<0.001).CONCLUSION:GSAcanbeusedtomeasureCCTandanalyzecentraltearfilmthicknessofrabbitswiththehelpoffluorescein.

简介：理论支配眼及附属器的三又神经感觉支分布在三个区域：眼区、上颌区和下颌区。支配眼及附属器的神经纤维主要在眼区，下睑除外。下睑由上颌区神经纤维支配。通过麻醉可以阻断感觉神经传导使痛觉消失。

简介：·Thisisacasepresentationofaverybizarreopenglobetraumawithanteriorsegmentforeignbody-fishinghookstuckinthecorneaandiris.Complicationsduetothiskindofeyetraumamightbeveryhazardousandwithseriousimpactonvisualfunction.Wearerepresentingourapproachandexperienceofthreestepmanagementofthiskindofeyeinjury:first-extracttheforeignbody,closeandreconstructtheeyeball,second-fightinflammation,andthird-restorethevisualfunctionbycataractsurgery.·

简介：AIM:ToevaluatethecornealendothelialcelldensityandmorphologyinChinesepatientswithpseudoexfoliationsyndrome(PEX).·METHODS:Medicalrecordsof16patients(20eyes)withPEXwhopresentedtoourinstitutionbetweenJuly2008andJune2010wereretrospectivelyreviewed.Thirteeneyeshadcombinedglaucoma.Theinformationoffiveapparentlynormalfelloweyesinthesepatientswasalsorecorded.Lefteyesof20patientswithbilateralsenilecataractsbutnoothereyediseasewereincludedascontrols.Specularmicroscopywasperformedinalleyestoanalyzeforcornealendothelialcelldensityandmorphology.Celldensity,coefficientofvariationincellsize,andpercentageofhexagonalcellsincornealendotheliumwereevaluated.·RESULTS:ThemeancornealendothelialcelldensityinthePEXeyeswas2298±239cells/mm2,significantlylowerthanthatinthecataracteyes(2652±18cells/mm2,P=0.026),buttherewerenosignificantdifferencesincoefficientofvariationofcellsizeandfrequencyofhexagonalitybetweenthesetwogroups.NosignificantdifferencesinthethreeparameterswerefoundbetweentheapparentlynormalfelloweyesandthePEXeyesorthecataracteyes,orbetweenthePEXeyeswithandwithoutglaucoma.·CONCLUSION:CornealendothelialcelldensitymaydecreaseinChinesepatientswithPEX.ThedevelopmentofglaucomainPEXeyesdoesnotseemtoberelatedwiththechangeincornealendothelialcelldensityormorphology.

简介：MicroRNAs（miRNAs）是一类长18~25个核苷酸的单链非编码小分子RNA,属于表观遗传学范畴,广泛存在于真核细胞中,通过其表达量的上调和下调,影响细胞分化、增殖、凋亡,肿瘤发生,机体代谢以及衰老等生命过程。近年来有研究发现,miRNAs在眼部的晶状体中也有表达,其表达量的异常可能与年龄相关性白内障（ARC）有密切关系。本文主要就miRNAs与ARC相关性的研究进展作一综述。

简介：为探讨迷路的老化过程,应用透射电镜观察了新生、青年、老年豚鼠的耳蜗和迷路血管系统的变化。发现老年豚鼠血浆成分有改变、听力呈下降倾向;毛细胞、迷路血管及螺旋神经和螺旋神经节细胞均可见一系列损害。作者推测在耳蜗老化过程中血管系统的变化非常重要,至少是耳蜗其他部位老年性改变的原因之一。

简介：手法小切口白内障术（manualsmallincisioncataractsurgepy，MSICS）特别是在发展中国家已广泛应用于临床手术。本文旨在比较传统白内障囊外摘除术（extracapsularcataractextraction，ECCE）、MSICS以及超声乳化白内障吸除术治疗效果以及安全性（术中并发症以及术后并发症）。通过使用PubMed搜索引擎，我们收集了传统ECCE、MSICS以及超声乳化白内障吸除术的相关文献，以评价其安全性和治疗效果。同时，也参考了国内出版的相关文献。结果发现，与超声乳化白内障吸除术相比，传统ECCE以及MSICS也取得了很好的治疗效果，并且具有并发症少等优点。MSICS不需要依赖昂贵的仪器，并且具有手术快速、费用低廉以及技术门槛低等特点，特别适用于硬核白内障的治疗。虽然在白内障手术治疗过程中MSICS需要一定的技术和耐心，但它仍然是一种安全、有效、经济治疗手段，特别是在发展中国家可以替代超声乳化进行白内障的治疗。

简介：目的探讨玻璃体的手术对复杂无晶状体眼视网膜脱离(AphakicRetinalDetachment,ARD)和人工晶状体眼视网膜脱离(PseudophakicRetinalDetachment,PPRD)(PVRC级以上)的治疗效果.方法回顾性分析78例87眼ARD和PPRD,所有病人均行玻璃体切割联合眼内填充物治疗.结果首次手术视网膜复位率为78.16%,最终视网膜复位率90.8%.视力下降11眼(12.7%),不变15眼(17.2%),提高59眼(70.1%).结论彻底的玻璃体切除加视网膜切开、视网膜前膜剥除,适当应用环扎玻璃体填充物可使复杂PPRD,ARD达到较高的视网膜复位率.但ARD、PPRD一旦发生则病情进展迅速,治疗棘手,视力预后差,应从白内障手术开始加强预防.

简介：AIM:ToanalyzecasesofobstructionofthenasolacrimalductwhichcreatesafertileenvironmentforsecondarybacterialInfectionandcanresultindacryocystitis,whichisaconstantthreattocorneaandorbitalsofttissueandapotentialsourceofendophthalmitisfollowingintraocularsurgery.Themajorityofobstructionsofthelacrimalexcretoryoutflowsystemareacquiredonesoccurringinadulthoodandinvolvingthedistalpartsofthesystem.Acquiredobstructionmaybeprimary/idiopathicorsecondarytoawidevarietyofinfectious,inflammatory,traumatic,mechanical,toxicorneoplasticcausesmimickingidiopathicinflammation.Thesecasesaretreatedbydacryocystorhinostomy(DCR).METHODS:Thepresentstudywasconductedtodeterminethehistopathologic,immunohistochemicalandcurrentmicrobiologiccharacteristicsoflacrimalsacspecimensinpatientsundergoingexternaldacryocystorhinostomy.RESULTS:Non-specificlacrimalsacpathologywaspresentinall33casesand81.8%ofthecasesshowedmoderatechronicinflammationwithachronicinflammatoryscore(CIS)rangingbetween4and6,whereas12.12%showedsevereinflammatorychangeswithaCISof7.Milddegreeofinflammationwasseenin6.06%withaCISof3.Thetotalprevalenceofgrampositive,gram-negative,andculture-negativesampleswere59.4%,37.5%,and3%respectively.CONCLUSION:Non-specificchronicinflammationwithfibrosisisindeedthemostcommonlyreportedhistopathologicalfindinginlacrimalsacwallbiopsyspecimens.

简介：AIM:Toexaminetheexpressionofsurvivinandvascularendothelialgrowthfactor(VEGF)duringthedevelopmentofretinalneovascularization(NV)inamousemodel.·METHODS:Awell-characterizedmurinemodelofretinalNVwasusedtostudytheexpressionofsurvivinandVEGF.NVoftheretinawasinducedinmicebyexposureto75%O2frompostnataldayP7toP12,followedbyreturntoroomairfromP12toP17.ExpressionofsurvivinandVEGFproteinwasanalyzedbyImmunohistochemistry.Inaddition,mousemodelofproliferativeretinopathywasanalyzedbyretinalfluoresceinangiographyandquantificationanalysis.·RESULTS:Thenormalmicehadbothsuperfiekalanddeepvascularlayersthatextendedfromtheopticnervetotheperiphery.Inintraocularpressure(IOP)micewerecharacterizedbyrepresentatypicalpatternofpathologicalretinalNV.Therearelessorlittlenucleiofnewvesselsvascularendothelialcellbreakingthroughtheinnerretinalthaninretinopathyofprematurity(ROP)mice,largeclustersofbloodvesselswereadherenttotheinternallimitingmembrane(ILM)(0.27±0.20vs23.38±1.027,t=9.454,P<0.001).DuringtheangiogenicperiodfromP13toP17,survivinandVEGFproteinexpressionincreasedinexperimentalretinascomparedwithcontrolsamples(2.56±0.46vs3.34±0.40,t=17.43,P<0.01:2.18±0.75vs4.34±0.25,t=19.61,P<0.01).ProteinlevelsofVEGFandsurvivnhassignificantlypositivecorrelation(P<0.05,r=0.411).·CONCLUSION:CorrelationwasmadeattheproteinlevelsofsurvivinexpressioncomparedwiththatofVEGFinamurinemodelofretinalNV,whichsuggestsatemporalroleforsurvivinandVEGFinnewvesselformationinresponsetohypoxicstimulation.

简介：目的：应用Pentacam眼前节测量分析系统对高度近视眼行飞秒激光LASIK和小切口基质透镜取出术后的角膜后表面的变化进行观察比较。方法：选取2015-05/12于我院行激光角膜屈光手术的高度近视患者（-6.00D≤等效球镜度数≤-10.00D）67例132眼,根据患者接受手术方式的不同分成飞秒激光制瓣联合准分子激光原位角膜磨镶术（简称FS-LASIK组）66眼和行小切口基质透镜取出术（简称SMILE组）66眼,术中SMILE组角膜帽厚度和FS-LASIK组术中角膜瓣厚度都设置为110μm。分别于术前、术后3、6mo利用Pentacam测量患者角膜后表面高度,观察对比其术前术后的角膜后表面高度的变化量。结果：术后6mo,FS-LASIK组角膜后表面高度为6.47±1.65mm,显著高于术前5.20±1.32mm。SMILE组角膜后表面高度为6.40±1.33mm,显著高于术前5.18±1.25mm,差异均具有统计学意义（P〈0.05）;术后6mo,FS-LASIK组角膜表面高度前凸量（1.29±1.28mm）与SMILE组（1.22±0.89mm）相当,差异无统计学意义（P〉0.05）。结论：FS-LASIK和SMILE矫正高度近视术后均出现一定程度的角膜后表面前突,后表面高度值增加;FS-LASIK相较于SMILE,术后早期角膜后表面变化量略大,但无明显的临床差别,SMILE术后角膜后表面形态稳定性相对略好。

简介：AIM:Todeterminethehistopathologicalchangesofrifampicinappliedintravitreallyonretinalganglioncellsbymeansofstereologicalandhistopathologicalmethods.METHODS:Forthisstudytwenty-fourNewZealandadultrabbitsweredividedintofourgroups(n=6foreachgroup).50μg/0.1mL(group1),100μg/0.1mL(group2),150μg/0.1mL(group3)and200μg/0.1mL(group4),rifampicinwereinjectedintothevitreousoftherighteyesofanimals,theirlefteyeswereusedascontrol(group5).Afterthe28thdayofapplication,animalswereanesthetisedwithxylazine(8mg/kg,IM)andthentheireyeswereenucleatedimmediately.Patternsweretakenawayandeyeswerepreparedforbothstereologicalandelectromicroscopicobservation.RESULTS:Dependingonthehighdoseofrifampicin,somehistopathologicalchangessuchascytoplasmicdilatationanddamagedmembranewereobservedontheelectromicroscopiclevel.Usingquantitativeexamination,whichwasdoneatthelightmicroscopiclevel,itwasshownthatthenumberofneuronsdecreasedlinearlyasrifampicindoseincreasedwhencomparedwiththecontrolgroup.CONCLUSION:Basedonthesefindings,low-doserifampicin(50μg/0.1mL)maybeusefulfortreatmentoftheoculardiseases.

简介：AIM:TodiscusstheimpactofLyciumBarbarumPolysaccharide(LBP)andDanshensupurifiedfromTraditionalChineseMedicine(TCM)onvascularendothelialgrowthfactor(VEGF)ofrabbitswithretinalneovascularization.METHODS:Fortyrabbitsweredividedintonormalcontrolgroup,modelcontrolgroup,LBPgroupandDanshensugroup.Animalsinthenormalcontrolgroupwerefedinthenormaloxygenenvironment.Animalsintheotherthreegroupswereputintotheenvironmentwith70%oxygenfor5daysinordertobuildthemodelofoxygen-inducedvascularproliferationretinopathy.AndthendifferentTCMextractwasinjectedintotheabdominalcavitiesoftheseannimals.After7days,theVEGFcontentofintheserumofrabbitwasmeasuredbydoubleantibodysandwichmethod.RESULTS:DataanalysisindicatedthatVEGFcontentwasasfollows:Danshensugroupwaslowerthanmodelcontrolgroup(12.92±3.84ng/Lvs19.32±4.15ng/L,P<0.05);LBPgroupandnormalcontrolgroupwerelowerthanmodelcontrolgroup(12.92±3.84ng/L,9.26±1.61ng/Lvs19.32±4.15ng/L,P<0.01);totalbloodviscosity,plasmaviscosity,cholesterolcontent,fibrinogencontentandtriacylglycerolcontentafterperitonealinjectionofLBPandDanshensuwereobviouslylowerthanbeforeinjection.CONCLUSION:TCMextract-LBPandDanshensucanprominentlyreducethecontentofVEGFintheprocessofvascularproliferativeretinopathyofrabbit;canpreventtheoccurrenceofretinalmicrovasculardiseasebyimprovingpartialoxygen-deficientenvironmentoraffectingallkindsofnewgrowthfactor.

简介：每年,在低收入和中等收入国家有数千名婴儿和儿童失去他们的视力和生命,因为一种叫视网膜母细胞瘤的可治愈的眼癌,通常是因为它没有被及时诊断和治疗。尽管视网膜母细胞瘤相对罕见,但对受其影响的儿童可能会造成破坏性的后果。如果治疗太晚,可能会导致失去眼睛,侵袭大脑并且导致死亡。

简介：目的：探讨雷珠单抗（ranibizumab）治疗特发性脉络膜新生血管（idiopathicchoroidalneovascularization,ICNV）的有效性,分析在光学相干断层扫描（opticalcoherencetomography,OCT）下不同形态表现的特发性脉络膜新生血管（Ⅰ型和Ⅱ型）的疗效差异,进一步为雷珠单抗在治疗脉络膜新生血管的有效性提供±据,指导临床治疗。方法：对我院2013-10/2014-06的31例（Ⅰ型9例,Ⅱ型22例）诊断为＂ICNV冶并接受玻璃体腔注射雷珠单抗的患者资料进行回顾性分析,比较分析最佳矫正视力（best-correctedvisualacuity,BCVA）和OCT测量病灶处视网膜最大厚度的变化趋势有无不同。结果：患者31例（其中Ⅰ型9例,Ⅱ型22例）经统计学分析,在术前与术后1,3moBCVA和病灶视网膜最大厚度的比较具有统计学意义,不同ICNV类型患者治疗前后的最佳矫正视力及病灶处视网膜最大厚度的变化趋势的差异无统计学意义,说明雷珠单抗玻璃体腔注射对于治疗特发性脉络膜新生血管疗效肯定,对于Ⅰ型和Ⅱ型ICNV的临床治疗效果不具显著性差异。结论：玻璃体腔注射雷珠单抗治疗特发性脉络膜新生血管疗效肯定,对于Ⅰ型和Ⅱ型ICNV本组研究中尚未发现存在疗效差异。其安全性和远期并发症需进一步研究证实。