简介:目的:探讨人工晶状体眼老视的科学检测方法。方法:随机抽取年龄在40~75岁之间“白内障超声乳化+人工晶状体植入”术后老视患者80例(118眼)从术后1wk开始随访6mo以上,检测角膜散光度数变化,并根据患者的阅读需要和距离进行客观和主观验光。结果:白内障术后角膜散光1wk~1mo的平均度数与术前比较差异有显著性(P〈0.01),3mo的角膜散光与术前比较差异无显著性,白内障人工晶状体眼的老视近附加3个年龄组间比较差异无统计学意义。结论:白内障术后人工晶状体眼的近附加验配不随年龄的增加而增加,应待角膜散光稳定后根据被测的调节参数进行精确的验配,而不能简单地按照经验公式开出处方。
简介:目的:通过研究散光性屈光不正与注视距离之间的关系,探讨非老视患者近距离屈光矫正的必要性,并寻求可行的矫正方法。方法:前瞻性临床研究。序贯选取近视性散光受试者166例(右眼),检查各受试者注视不同距离(视远眼前5m、眼前40cm、眼前20cm)的散光性屈光不正度、配戴静态屈光矫正眼镜时的近视力(distancecorrectednearvisionacuity,DCNVA)及散光修正后的近视力(accommodativeastigmatismcorrectednearvisionacuity,ACNVA)。视近状态下的散光在视远单眼全矫基础上采用交叉柱镜进行修正,受检眼水平向前注视近视力表中其最佳视力的视标。对三个注视距离下(视远5m、视近40cm、视近20cm)两两之间的散光度及轴位的差异、DCNVA与ACNVA的差异分别采用两两配对检验,若数据服从正态分布采用配对t检验,否则采用配对符号秩和检验。结果:三个不同注视距离,两两间散光度的差异均具有统计学意义(视近40cm与视远5m:Z=-5.316,P<0.0167;视近20cm与视远5m:Z=-5.672,P<0.0167;视近20cm与视近40cm:Z=-2.463,P<0.0167),且视近20cm散光度(0.83DC±0.52D)>视近40cm散光度(0.78DC±0.43D)>视远5m散光度(0.63DC±0.47D);三个不同注视距离,两两间散光轴位的差异均不具有统计学意义;DCNVA与ACNVA的差异具有统计学意义,且散光修正后视力呈提高的趋势(Z=-5.741,P<0.01;Z=-6.848,P<0.01)。结论:随注视距离移近,散光度呈增大的趋势且散光轴位朝着顺规散光的方向发展,然而这种改变对于个体来讲是随机的、个性化的,在散光改变量最大的距离处发生视疲劳的可能性较大,在该距离下进行屈光矫正可能是治疗该类视疲劳患者的有效方法。
简介:目的:评价Shotfile老视切削模式治疗近视伴老视患者的远期临床疗效。方法:对我院43例82眼35岁及以上近视屈光不正患者行激光角膜手术,采用Shotfile老视切削模式,随访3a。观察术后1、2、3a时的裸眼远、近视力和屈光度变化、视觉满意度情况。结果:术后la裸眼远视力达到术前最佳矫正视力者81眼(99%),裸眼近视力在0.66以上者75眼(91%),等效球镜平均为-0.64±0.63D,总体满意率为91%;术后2a裸眼远视力达到术前最佳矫正视力者79眼(96%),裸眼近视力在0.66以上者69眼(84%),等效球镜平均为-0.62土0.59D,总体满意率为86%;术后3a裸眼远视力达到术前最佳矫正视力者77眼(94%),裸眼近视力在0.66以上者62眼(76%),等效球镜平均为-0.55±0.56D,总体满意率为81%。所有人选病例均未出现术中或术后严重并发症,1眼等效球镜为-10.00D的患者la后出现-1.75D的回退,尊重患者意愿为患者进行二次补矫。结论:Shotfile老视切削模式治疗近视伴老视患者远期疗效安全稳定,患者满意度较高,随时间延长部分患者视近能力逐渐减弱,术前应与患者进行充分沟通。
简介:目的:评价超声乳化白内障吸除联合人工晶状体植入术后人工晶状体眼的波前像差,讨论不同设计的人工晶状体对术后人工晶状体眼波前像差的影响。方法:选择年龄相关性白内障患者62例(69眼),年龄41~84(平均63.4±4.0)岁。其中男24例(28眼),女38例(41眼),右眼38例,左眼31例。随机平均分为3组,使年龄性别相匹配。其中A组植入三片式人工晶状体(ACRYsof^@MA60BM),B组植入一片式人工晶状体(ACRYsof^@SA60AT),C组植入蓝光滤过型一片式人工晶状体(ACRYsof^@SN60AT)。同一术者,同一超声乳化仪(Alcon^@INFINITIVISIONSYSTEM)和手术显微镜(CarlZeissStativS88),术中均采用角膜曲率最高经线上宽3.2mm长1.75mm的角巩膜缘隧道切口。术后1mo使用客观型波前像差仪(NidekOPD-scanARK-10000)进行波前像差检测,得出总体高阶像差的均方根(RMSh)。结果:A组三片式(ACRYsof^@MA60BM)的RMSh平均达到0.702±0.090μm,B组一片式(ACRYsof^@SA60AT)的RMSh平均达到0.529±0.067μm,C组蓝光滤过型一片式(ACRYsof^@SN60AT)的RMSh平均达到0.566±0.066μm。三组比较采用单向方差分析,5.0mm瞳孔大小时A组的总体像差值最高(P〈0.01),其余两组没有显著性差异(P=0.126)。组间差异有统计学意义。结论:人工晶状体襻的设计对超声乳化白内障吸除联合人工晶状体植入术后人工晶状体眼的像差有明显影响,但光学区染色对单色像差的影响无统计学差异。这一结果对进一步完善白内障手术以及人工晶状体材料和设计的改善提供了有意义的信息。
简介:目的探讨一组特殊设计镜片对周边屈光度、周边清晰视力范围和主观感受的影响。方法3例(4眼)被试者,年龄22-31岁,屈光度-2.0D,按随机顺序分别在单眼配戴普通非球面镜片、成长乐镜片、视特保大、中、小光区镜片的情况下进行周边屈光度、周边清晰视力范围测量和主观评分,主观评分包括远距和近距戴镜舒适度、清晰度和接受度。结果配戴5种镜片时,被试眼相对周边屈光度均为远视状态,远视度数随周边角度增加而增加。配戴普通非球面镜片和视特保大光区镜片时周边远视度数最大,视特保中光区镜片其次,成长乐镜片和视特保小光区镜片最小;配戴普通非球面镜片和视特保大光区镜片时的周边清晰视力范围最大,其次是视特保中光区镜片,最小的是成长乐镜片和视特保小光区镜片;远距评分为普通非球面镜片最高,视特保大光区镜片其次,然后为视特保中光区镜片,成长乐镜片及视特保小光区镜片最差;近距评分视特保大光区镜片接近普通非球面镜片,视特保中光区镜片和成长乐镜片其次,视特保小光区镜片最差。结论不同设计的中周部加光镜片对改变周边屈光度的作用存在差异,其配戴后的顺应性与镜片改变周边屈光度的程度呈负相关。
简介:Thekeratoprosthesis(KPro;artificialcornea)isaspecialrefractivedevicetoreplacehumancorneabyusingheterogeneousformingmaterialsfortheimplantationintothedamagedeyesinordertoobtainacertainvision.Themainproblemsofartificialcorneaarethebiocompatibilityandstabilityofthetissueparticularlyinpenetratingkeratoplasty.Thecurrentstudiesoftissue-engineeredscaffoldmaterialsthroughcomprisingcompositesofnaturalandsyntheticbiopolymerstogetherhavedevelopedanewwaytoartificialcornea.Althoughawideagreementthatthelong-termstabilityofthesedeviceswouldbegreatlyimprovedbythepresenceofcorneacells,modificationofkeratoprosthesistosupportcorneacellsremainselusive.Mostofthestudiesoncornealsubstratematerialsandsurfacemodificationofcompositeshavetriedtoimprovethegrowthandbiocompatibilityofcorneacellswhichcannotonlyreducethestimulusofheterogeneousmaterials,butalsomoreimportantlycontinuousandstablecorneacellscanpreventthedestructionofcollagenase.Thenecrosisofstromaandspontaneousextrusionofthedevice,allowformaintenanceofaprecornealtearlayer,andplaytheroleofensuringagoodopticalsurfaceandresistingbacterialinfection.Asaresult,improvementincornealcellshasbeenthemainaimofseveralrecentinvestigations;someefforthasfocusedonbiomaterialforitswellbiologicalpropertiessuchaspromotingthegrowthofcorneacells.Thepurposeofthisreviewistosummarythegrowthstatusofthecornealcellsaftertheimplantationofseveralartificialcorneas.
简介:AIM:Todescribethedesignandpreliminaryresultsofthehospitalbasedepidemiologicalstudyfordiabeticretinopathy(HBESDR),anongoingepidemiologicalstudytoestimatetheprevalenceofdiabeticretinopathy(DR)andtoelucidatetheclinical,anthropometric,biochemicalandanyotherriskfactorsassociatedwithdiabeticretinopathy.METHODS:Totally2000diabeteswillberecruitedfromtheDiabeteseyeclinicintheFirstAffiliatedHospitalofChinaMedicalUniversity.AllsubjectsunderwentbloodsugarestimationandOralGlucoseToleranceTesttodiagnosediabetes.Alldiabeteswouldundergocompletequestionnaire,acomprehensiveeyeexamination.Bloodandurinewouldbecollectedforbiochemicalinvestigations.AllfundusphotographsforanyDRwillbegraded.Participantswhoneedtreatmentwillbesenttotheophthalmicclinicandfollow-upintervalprogramforallsubjectswillbesuggested.Acomputerizeddatabaseiscreatedfortherecords.RESULTS:Todate,1174diabeteshavebeenrecruited,therewere350(29.81%)DRinalldiabetes,mostofthemwerewithmildnon-proliferativediabeticretinopathy(NPDR)(139,39.71%);71(20.29%)moderateNPDR,66(18.86%)severeNPDR,74(21.14%)proliferativediabeticretinopathy(PDR).Females,longerdurationofdiabetes,familyhistoryofdiabetesandhypertensionhadastatisticallysignificantincreaseinriskofanyDR.CONCLUSION:ThestudyisexpectedtoprovideanestimateoftheoverallprevalenceofDRandtheprevalencewithdifferentdurationofdiabetesandalsoabetterunderstandingoftheriskfactorsassociatedwithDR.
简介:AIM:Todemonstratethemorphologyandstructureofinvitroreconstructedtissue-engineeredhumancornealepithelium(TE-HCEP)withseedercellsfromanuntransfectedHCEPcellline.·METHODS:TheTE-HCEPswerereconstructedinvitrowithseedercellsfromanuntransfectedHCEPcellline,andscaffoldcarriersofdenudedamnioticmembrane(dAM)inair-liquidinterfaceculturefor3,5,7and9days,respectively.Thespecimenswereexaminedwithhematoxylin-eosin(HE)stainingofparaffin-section,immunocytochemicalstaining,scanningandtransmissionelectronmicroscopy.·RESULTS:DuringinvitroreconstructionofTE-HCEP,HCEPcellsformeda3-4,6-7and8-10layersofanHCEP-likestructureondAMsinair-liquidinterfaceculturefor3,5and7days,respectively.Butthecellsdeceasedto5-6layersandthestructureofstraifiedepitheliumbecamelooseatday9.Andthecellsmaintainedpositiveexpressionofmarkerproteins(keratin3andkeratin12),cell-junctionproteins(zonulaoccludens-1,E-cadherin,connexin43andintegrinβ1)andmembranetransportproteinofNa+-K+ATPase.TheHCEPcellsinTE-HCEPwererichinmicrovillionapicalsurfaceandestablishednumerouscell-cellandcell-dAMjunctionsatday5.·CONCLUSION:ThemorphologyandstructureofthereconstructedTE-HCEPweresimilartothoseofHCEPinvivo.TheHCEPcellsinthereconstructedTE-HCEPmaintainedthepropertiesofHCEPcells,includingabilitiesofformingintercellularandcell-extracellularmatrixjunctionsandabilitiesofperformingmembranetransportation.TheuntransfectedHCEPcellsanddAMscouldpromisinglybeusedinreconstructionHCEPequivalentforclinicalcornealepitheliumtransplantation.