简介:Inordertodeepentheunderstandingoftherelationshipbetweenfundamentalproperties(including:microstructureandcomposition)andphotocatalyticperformance,fourbismuthatecompounds,including:LiBiO3,NaBiO3,KBiO3,andAgBiO3,areregardedasresearchexamplesinthepresentwork,becausetheyhaveparticularcrystalstructuresandsimilarcompositions.Usingdensityfunctionaltheorycalculations,theirstructural,electronic,andopticalpropertiesareinvestigatedandcomparedsystematically.Firstofall,thecalculatedresultsofcrystalstructuresandopticalpropertiesareinagreementwithavailablepublishedexperimentaldata.Basedonthecalculatedresults,itisfoundthatthetunneledorlayeredmicro-structuralpropertiesleadtothestrongerinteractionbetweenbismuthandoxygen,andtheweakerinteractionbetweenalkaline-earthmetaland[BiO6]octahedron,resultinginthefeatureofmulti-bandgapsinthecasesofLiBiO3,NaBiO3,andKBiO3.ThisconclusionissupportedbythecaseofAgBiO3,inwhichthefeatureofmulti-bandgapsdisappears,duetothestrongerinteractionbetweenthenoblemetaland[BiO6]octahedron.Thesepropertieshavesignificantadvantagesinthephotocatalyticperformance:absorbinglowenergyphotons,rapidlytransferringenergycarriers.Furthermore,thefeaturesofelectronicstructuresofbismuthatecompoundsarewellreflectedbytheabsorptionspectra,whichcouldbeconfirmedbyexperimentalmeasurementsinpractice.Combinedwiththecalculatedresults,itcouldbeconsideredthatthecrystalstructuresandcompositionsofthephotocatalystdeterminetheelectronicstructuresandopticalproperties,andsubsequentlydeterminethecorrespondingphotocatalyticperformance.Thus,anovelBi-basedphotocatalystdrivenbyvisible-lightcouldbedesignedbyutilizingspecificcompositionstoformfavorableelectronicstructuresorspecificmicro-structurestoformabeneficialchannelforenergycarriers.
简介:摘要英语新课标提出“教师要善于结合实际教学需要,灵活地和有创造性地使用教材,对教材的内容、编排顺序、教学方法等方面进行适当的取舍或调整,还应该积极利用其他课程资源……”可见,在新课程理念下,课本不是教学的全部内容,教材是可变的、发展的和开放的。我们提倡教学过程中,教学目标、内容、知识传授的深度和广度既应以教材为主要依据,又应结合教师实际和学生现有的知识、技能、思维水平、学习心理等实际,灵活地、创造性地使用教材,防止教学中机械地“以教材为本”。
简介:采用XRD、XPS、IR、ICP-AES、循环伏安、恒电流充放电等方法对LiCoO2掺杂Na高温固相化学反应合成的Li1-xNaxCoO2材料的结构及电化学性能进行了系统研究。结果表明,当掺杂Na的量x〉0.05后,Li/Li1-xNaxCoO2电池的充、放电容量较Li/LiCoO2的明显下降。随x从0.0增至0.3时,Li/Li1-xNaxCoO2电池以0.5mA/cm^2充电容量由146.3mAh/g下降至130.0mAh/g,放电容量则由110.6mAh/g下降至80.0mAh/g,但工作电压平台均为3.6V。XRD结果显示,随x的增大,Li1-xNaxCoO2的六方晶胞参数a没有统计学上的差异,而晶胞参数c则逐渐减小。但当x〉0.25后,其中有NaCoO2产生。相同x的Li1-xNaxCoO2充电后的六方晶胞参数c比未充电的有所增大,而晶胞参数a则略微缩小。但是当x〉0.25后,出现3个NaCoO2的特征衍射峰。然而,以0.5mA/cm^2充电至4.4V后,Li1-xNaxCoO2的六方晶胞参数c均增大,a略减小。XPS结果表明,随x增大,Li1s的电子结合能有增大趋势,但O1s和Na1s及Co2p3/2和Co2p1/2电子结合能变化很小。与LiCoO2相比,Li1-xNaxCoO2的循环伏安并没有新的氧化还原峰产生。
简介:ThesinglecrystalgrowthofstoichiometrichostluminescentcrystalNa5Eu(WO4)4hasbeeninvestigated.UsingNa2WO4asaflux,theoptimumconditionstogrowapuresinglecrystalbyflux-slow-coolingmethodhavebeendetermined.Ahighopticalqualitysinglecrystalofdimention4.5mmhasbeengrown,whichisthelargestoneasweknowsofar.Themicro-hardnessofNa5Eu(WO4)4singlecrystalis3.46×103MPa.Itsrefractiveindexis1.81inwhitelightwavelengthregionandthespecificgravityis5.65g/cm3.Thefluorescentandexcitationspectrahavebeendeterminedandthereasonofthefluorescentquenchof5D2and5D1to7FjofEu3+canbeexplainedasmulti-phononnon-radiationtransition.
简介:Na^+偶联单羧酸转运蛋白(sodium—coupledmonocarboxylatetransporter,SMCTs)包括两种亚型:SMCTI和SMCT2。两者的底物特异性相似,但SMCTl对底物的亲和力比SMCT2高。在机体中,SMCT1和SMCT2表达于肠道、肾脏和视网膜并通过协同作用促进相应组织对单羧酸的转运,以维持机体的生理功能。本文从生物学特征、底物与抑制剂、组织分布与生理功能及其在药物转运中的作用等方面对SMCT1和SMCT2进行综述。