简介:Thescatteringprobleminvolvingwaterwavesbysmallundulationontheporousocean-bedinatwo-layerfluid,isinvestigatedwithintheframeworkofthetwo-dimensionallinearwaterwavetheorywheretheupperlayeriscoveredbyathinuniformsheetoficemodeledasathinelasticplate.Insuchatwo-layerfluidthereexistwaveswithtwodifferentmodes,onewithalowerwavenumberpropagatealongtheice-coverwhilstthosewithahigherwavenumberpropagatealongtheinterface.Anincidentwaveofaparticularwavenumbergetsreflectedandtransmittedoverthebottomundulationintowavesofbothmodes.PerturbationanalysisinconjunctionwiththeFouriertransformtechniqueisusedtoderivethefirst-ordercorrectionsofreflectionandtransmissioncoefficientsforboththemodesduetoincidentwavesoftwodifferentmodes.Onespecialtypeofbottomtopographyisconsideredasanexampletoevaluatetherelatedcoefficientsindetail.Thesecoefficientsaredepictedingraphicalformstodemonstratethetransformationofwaveenergybetweenthetwomodesandalsotoillustratetheeffectsoftheicesheetandtheporosityoftheundulatingbed.
简介:Sloshingphenomenonintheliquidcargocarriershascaughttheattentionofresearchersastheinteractionbetweenthesloshingwavesandstructureisoneofthekeypointanddifficultyinthestudyofsloshing.Inthispaper,wecapturedthefreesurfacewithavolumeoffluid(VOF)methodandthencalculatedthemotionsandresponsesofthestructurebyadoptingtheReynolds-averagedNavier-Stokes(RANS)equationsforthewholefluiddomain.Withtheuseofuserdefinedfunctions(UDF)inFluent,theinteractionbetweenfluidandstructurewasthensimulated.Asareasonablesimplification,theauthorsstudiedtheresponseofasinglecantileverinatankundersloshingloads;Furtherstudyshouldpaymoreattentiontothemechanismsofinteractionbetweensloshingwavesandelasticstructures.
简介:对农业加以适当保护一直是一种国际惯例,即使是美国、澳大利亚这样的农业生产和出口的大国也不曾放松对农业的保护。现在,中国加入了WTO,它作为一个农业大国更有必要对农业进行保护。本文分别从农业弱质性、中国国情和中国的人世3个方面阐述了中国进行农业保护的必要性;根据我国在农业谈判中的承诺,分析了入世对中国农业保护政策的影响;提出了一些农业保护的可行的对策,包括:大胆利用WTO的“绿箱”政策,充分利用WTO的“黄箱”政策,加快健全完善农业技术标准制度以便形成科学合理的技术保护屏障,建立良好的农业政策扶持环境,建立农产品缓冲储备体系,建立农业保险制度,增强农业抵抗风险能力,优化农业保护结构。