简介：一个有力的数字模型的发展长有模仿具体材料的破裂行为是在地震工程的主导的研究区域之一。一个可靠模型应该能足够地代表裂缝的不连续的特征并且在复杂装载条件下面模仿各种各样的失败行为。在这篇论文，数字明确的表达，它合并一个复杂僵硬塑料的接口联合弄软的结合的组成的模型，接触，磨擦并且砍膨胀进XFEM，被建议描述具体材料的各种各样的裂缝行为。为精确地在断绝的双方上装配贡献到弱形式的一个有效数字集成计划被介绍。建议方法的有效性被模仿几著名试验性的测试估计了。数字方法罐头成功地捕获裂缝路径并且精确地预言具体结构的破裂行为，这被结束。混合模式破裂行为上的mode-II参数的影响进一步被调查更好决定这些参数。

简介：WecomparethefactorswhichaffectthemovementofTibetanPlateaubybuildingthreetypesoffiniteelementmodels:anelasticmaterials(M-EC),acontinuousmodelcomposedbynon-linearmaterials(M-PC),andanelasticmodelwithdiscontinuousfaultmovements(M-ET).BothinM-ETandM-EC,thematerialsinQiangtangandLhasablockareelastic,andinM-ET,discontinuousmovementoffaultsisconsideredforevaluatingtheeffectsofstrike-slipfaults.InmodelM-PCDruker-PragerplasticmaterialsareusedinQiangtangandLhasablock.ComparisonsofthenumericalsimulationandtheGPSobservationsshowfollowingcharacteristics:(1)Underpresenttectonicenvironment,short-termdeformationofTibetanPlateaucanbesimulatedwellbyelasticmodels;(2)DiscontinuousfaultactivitiesincreasethelateralextrusionoftheeasternpartofTibetanPlateau,reducethestressfieldlevelinQiangtang,TarimandQaidamblocksandstrengthentheE-WextensionalforceintheeastandthewestpartsofQiangtangblock;(3)PropertiesofplasticmaterialsreducethetotalstressfieldandtheE-Wextensionalforce,thus,thenormalfaultearthquakesinsouthernTibetismainlyowedtotheeffectofactivefaultmovement.BasedonthenumericalsimulationswespeculatethatfaultsmovementmayplayamoreimportantroleonthekinematicpatternofTibetanPlateauthanbulkproperties.